All in your feels and head Flashcards
Psychosocial and Educational Terms
What are the Kubler-Ross stages of grief?
- Shock - initial paralysis after hearing bad news
- Denial - trying to avoid the inevitable*
- Anger - frustrated outpouring of bottled up emotion*
- Bargaining - seeking in vain for way out*
- Depression - final realization of the inevitable/emotional reaction to loss*
- Testing - seeking realistic solutions
- Accepting - finally finding the way forward/accepting reality of situation*
- = five main stages
grieving following the death of a loved one; occurs without unusual circumstances and progressed without incident
classic grief
reaction that occurs prior to loss; preparing for the eventual loss of life
anticipatory grief
loss that cannot be openly acknowledged or may not be socially sanctioned
i.e. losses involving social stigmas like suicides
disenfranchised grief
responses to anticipated or actual external disapproval, ridicule, or scorn; arises from failures to reach goals/ideals; associated with feeling of inadequacy, loss of self esteem
shame
responses of self reproach to violation of internal standards; individuals hold themselves responsible for outcome and feel that they should be punished
guilt
problem does not exist; rejecting possibility that an even happened
denial (defense mech)
re-label loss as gain; expressing a different emotion that you are feeling (smiling when sad)
reaction formation (defense mech)
canceling out a distressing experience through reverse action
undoing (defense mech)
displacement (defense mech)
find fault with others; redirecting emotions toward someone/something else
preventing yourself from feeling an emotion; putting thoughts out of one’s mind
repression (defense mech)
trying to learn as much as possible about the situation; avoiding intolerable feelings through abstract, precise thinking with little or no feeling
intellectualization (defense mech)
rationalization (defense mech)
finding reasons to explain a situation
reverting to a previous state, acting like a child
Regression (defense mech)
sublimation (defense mech)
expressing emotions through a positive or productive outlet (i.e. - working out)
blaming other people or situation for difficulties the client experiences; projecting feelings they have on somebody else
projection (defense mech)
separate feelings from thoughts about event to keep “badness”: within bounds
isolation
gather a lot of data and make generalizations based on it; confused until pattern is found
inductive reasoners (intellectual style)
deductive reasoners (intellectual styles)
have a rigid framework from which they view reality; disregard information that does not fit in the framework
can take information that confirms and challenges their framework; can absorb info quickly to make a decision; tend to neglect feelings
synthesizers (intellectual style)
confused reasonsers (intellectual style)
not less intelligent than others but have never learned how to process information; can’t differentiate between important versus trivial information
active communicators; respond easily; may use humor and denial as defenses
spontaneous emotional style
very articulate but in an intellectual way; feel emotions but deny the importance of feelings; may be impatient with those who show feelings
non expressive emotional style
express feelings to a limited extent; may take some drawing out with empathy and questions
reserved emotional style
express everything they are feeling, sometimes in overly intense ways; can be demanding and may lack personal boundaries
explosive emotional style
Client/Person Centered Model
- Carl Rogers
- Respect/unconditional positive regard
- Accepting client as they are
- Genuineness
- Involves congruence: internal feelings match outward expressions
- Empathy
Five Tenets of REM Genetic Counseling Model
- McCarthy and Veach
- Genetic information is key
- Client/counselor relationship is integral to genetic counseling
- Patient autonomy must be supported
- Patients are resilient
- Patient emotions make a difference
Teaching Approach
Kessler
- Major outcome = education
- Client’s seek information
- Informed clients can make autonomous decisions
- Cognitive and rational processes form the foundation
- Counseling process involves providing all-inclusive, accurate, information
- Teaching is the only means to meet the end goal
- Relationship is based on authority
Addressing the individual, interactions, and intergenerational issues intrinsic to genetic counseling
Intersystems Counseling Model
What are the four main GC goals that the REM model aligns with?
- Understand and support
- Support and guidance
- Facilitative Decision Making
- Patient-Centered Education
individual’s opposition to process and/or outcome; client behaviors impede the work of genetic counseling; may have once been reluctant and are now more willing but may not be willing to fully participate; say they do not need any help or are there at someone else’s urging
resistance
client does not want to come for genetic counseling at all
Reluctance
patient accurately understands the information but refuses to accept it because it does not make sense
disbelief
accepts diagnosis but not all the implications; helps prevent being overwhelmed by emotional impact of the diagnosis
deferral
attacks the genetic counselor (or labs) competency as a means for challenging the diagnosis
dismissal
unconscious response to real or perceived threat; attempt to maintain some measure of personal control, reduce painful emotions; temporary protection from anxiety, greif, guilt, shame, or other feelings
defense mechanism
assuming the attitude or behavior of an idealized person or group; shifts perceptive to someone else’s feelings rather than their own
identification (defense mech)
all defense mechanisms _______ an attempts to cope
are
_____ ______ coping strategies are defense mechanisms
not all
tries to change opinion of/challenge the person in charge
confrontative (coping style)
acts as if nothing has happened; denial of situation or avoiding thinking about it
distancing (coping style)
keeps feelings to oneself; trying to control emotions
self-controlling (coping style)
criticizes or blames self
accept responsibility (coping style)
hopes for a miracle; not acknowledging the information
escape avoidance (coping style)
talks with others in the hope of learning more; turning to other people
seek social support (positive coping style)
identifies next steps and follows through on them; plans for future based on situation
planning (positive coping style)
tries to see any possible positive results or outcomes; finding good in a bad situation
positive reappraisal (positive coping style)
What are the key aspects of facilitating decision making?
information giving and risk communication
process by which health care provider collaborates with a patient to make clinical decisions; patient and provider discuss pros and cons of options from their different perspectives
shared decision making
search for and logically evaluate alternatives when making decision
rational decision making style
reliance on feelings or hunches to make decision
intuitive decision making style
search for advice and direction from others when making a decision
dependent decision making style
avoidant decision making style
attempts to evade decision-making
sense of immediacy and desire to get through the decision-making process as soon as possible
spontaneous decision making style
What are methods/tips to assist with decision making?
Have client describe how they have made other big decisions
-Facilitate decision-making between couple, engage member who is not participating
-Anticipatory scenarios - ask patient how they would react to a positive result
-Remind client they do not need to make decision on the spot
-Recognize and incorporate cultural values
-Suggest patients listen to their instincts and that the best decision is not always the easiest
-Encourage patient to seek support and guidance from others
developed by Carl Rogers, emphasizes a non-directive approach allowing clients to lead the discussion and discover their own solutions within a supportive, understanding, and empathetic environment.
Client Centered Therapy
focuses on challenging and changing unhelpful cognitive distortions and behaviors, improving emotional regulation, and the development of personal coping strategies that target solving current problems.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
focuses on the clients’ narrative or story as the primary method of understanding and addressing their issues. Counselors using this method work with clients to reframe their problems into a broader context of their personal story.
Narrative Therapy
collaborative, goal-oriented approach that aims to enhance intrinsic motivation and resolve ambivalence about change. It seeks to empower clients by eliciting and reinforcing their own motivations for change, thereby facilitating behavior change and goal attainment.
Motivational interviewing
Key reasons why explicit consent is not always required include
court orders and legal proceedings and for public health and safety
involves justifying or explaining away one’s behavior or feelings.
Rationalization
Projection
involves attributing one’s own unacceptable feelings or thoughts to others
defense mechanism involves refusing to accept reality or acknowledge the truth of a situation.
Denial
involves redirecting one’s emotions or impulses from their original source to a substitute target.
Displacement
