Random from practice quizzes Flashcards
What is cholelithiasis and what are the risk factors
Formation of gallstones
Risk factors: Female, old age, liver disease
What is Meniere’s Disease?
Disorder that usually affects the inner ear - hearing and balance
Causes vertigo!
Use antiemitics to treat
Occurs most commonly among 40’s and 50’s… not old age
Typically affects only one ear
Not the result of 2nd cranial nerve damage
What is a nosocomial Infection
Hospital acquired infection
What is considered low birth weight?
2500 grams
Nociceptive pain is…
Pain from physical damage
Radicular pain is…
Pain radiated along a nerve
What is Fibromyalgia
Widespread musculoskeletal pain accompanied by fatigue, sleep, memory and mood issues
What is dyspepsia
Indigestion
What is arson
Criminal act of setting fire to property
What is digoxin used for?
Heart Failure
How should you take iron pills?
On an empty stomach. If N/V occurs, drink with OJ
Positioning of patient after liver surgery
Right side to directly apply pressure to puncture site
What Is an EEG?
Electroencephalogram
Evaluates electrical activity in the brain
Erickson’s… Toddler, Preschool, Schoolage
Toddler: Autonomy vs Shame & Guilt
Preschool: Initiative vs Guilt
School Age: Industry vs Inferiority
How to use a cane
Place cane on strong side, move cane forward 6 inches, client stands with body weight divided, advance weaker leg towards cane first then stronger leg
Transfer of hemiplegia patient
Use mechanical lift!
hemiplegia = paralysis on one side of the body
What is pyuria
Presence of pus in urine, typically from an infection!
What is Dysuria
Pain or discomfort when urinating
Signs of prostate cancer
Weak or interrupted urine flow, inability to urinate, difficulty starting/stopping, polyuria, nocturia, hematuria, dysuria, low back pain
Therapeutic communication reminders
- Never demand an explanation… causes defensiveness
- Open ended statements are therapeutic and provide a safe environment for building rapport and client interaction
- Restate what patient says.
LPN scope of practice
Sterile DRSG change
Administer enema’s & antibiotics
What is compartment syndrome and 5 P’s
Edema within a closed space that may result in a vascular compromise and decreased blood flow with eventual neurologic compromise
Five P’s
Pallor, pulselessness, pain, parasthesia, paralysis
What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Causes pain, numbness and tingling in hand and arm. It occurs when the median nerve is squeezed or compressed as it travels through the wrist
What is Varicella?
Chicken Pox
What is Reye’s Syndrome?
Triggered by aspirin and most common among children recovering from viral infections such as chicken pox or the flu
Causes brain and liver damage
Diet changes when taking diuretics…
Limit sodium and raise potassium!
Good sources of potassium
Avocados and milk
What is stress urinary incontinence
When urine leaks out due to pressure on bladder or urethra
How to decrease risk of dehiscence when removing sutures
Remove every other and if intact, continue removing alternating ones
Diet change with client diagnosed with liver disease
Increase carbs
Post surgery for upper GI series
X-ray.. pt given barium. Give oral laxative to get rid of barium post surgery
Position of bed if fluid volume overload
Raise HOB
Long term use of steroids
Decreases calcium, so body takes it from bones increasing osteoporosis
Ace inhibitors
-prils
Dilates blood vessels so it decreases blood pressure
Hematocrit levels
What is Hematocrit?
Males: 42-52%
Females: 37-47%
Proportion of RBC
How long can you delay eye prophylaxis after birth for newborn
1 hr
Which type of birth is highest risk for hemorrhage?
C-section
What is a precipitous delivery?
Super quick labor… less than 3 hours of commencement of regular contractions. Increased risk of tearing/hemorrhage
Guillan Barre syndrome. What is it? Nursing things to know?
Autoimmune disease where immune system attacks the nerves. Leads to eventual paralysis.
- Monitor for contractures/pressure sores
- Eventual paralysis or paresis of lungs and airway… monitor respiratory function
- Encourage movement - ROM, massage, etc
- Small, frequent, well balanced meals
What to do when someone has difficulty voiding post-op?
Administer pain meds
DO NOT straight cath
How can Hep B spread?
Blood borne… Can spread through razors or toothbrushes
What is slander?
Sharing verbal untruths
What is Libel?
Defamation of character by print or pictures
What is cellulitis?
How to decrease edema?
- Bacterial skin infection resulting in warm, reddened, and edematous tissue.
- To decrease edema use warm, moist compress to stimulate circulation and speed reabsorption of fluid.
Bulimia causes what electrolyte disorder?
Hypokalemia
S/S of pulmonary edema
Pink, frothy sputum
S/S of Bell’s palsy
Droopy face, numbness on affected side, decreased ability to taste, increased sensitivity to sound, excessive tearing, inability to wrinkle forhead
How is nitro administered?
Sublingual or buccal
Acetylsalicyclic acid is what drug?
How is it administerd?
Aspirin
Chew or swallow. Faster absorption from chewing
What is thrombocytopenia?
What are s/s?
Low platelets - <150,000
Ecchymosis, bleeding gums, petechiae, palpable spleen and liver
What is HPV?
Human papilloma virus
There is a vaccine
Most common cause of cervical cancers
How do you respond to delusions from schizophrenic or delusional patients?
Always present reality
Y/N is power of attorney for health care part of permanent record?
Yes
Why should children get rubella immunization?
If pregnant woman gets it from unimmunized child, baby could have birth defects.
Complications of mumps
Deafness and common cause of meningitis
What is an amniotomy?
Artifical ROM
Important prescription how to write
- No trailing “0” (20.0)
- Use “units” instead of IU - can be mistaken for IV or 10
Chest tube important to know
- Keep below level of chest
- Can be disconnected from suction when pt ambulates. Uses gravity
Wound DRSG change important to know
- Warm cleansing solution to body temp
- Clean wound when drainage is present
- Use sterile forceps to clean
- Do NOT dry wound before applying DRSG… moisture is important for healing process
What angle should pt’s elbows be flexed to when using crutches?
Proper way to go from standing to sitting with crutches?
30 degrees
Hold both crutches in one hand, grab chair with other
Diet restrictions for patient on hemodialysis
Fluid, Na, K, Protein
What is the nursing process?
ADPIE Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementing Evaluation
Reporting laws
- Physical, mental, financial abuse of VULNERABLE POPULATIONS (does not include spouse)
- Gunshot victims report to law enforcement
- Gonorrhea and West Nile to CDC
Visible changes of menopause
Loss of muscle mass, increased fat tissue leading to thicker waist, dryness of skin, dry vagina, hot flashes, sleep abnormalities, mood changes
When to bathe elderly patients?
Before bedtime to improve sleep
What is tepid water?
Lukewarm
How to prevent clots when on plane
- Do not cross legs
- Get up and move Q2 hrs
- Wear compression stockings
- Avoid coffee
What is Anhedonia?
Inability to feel pleasure
What is an exercise stress test?
Eduction?
Determines hearts response during exercise
- Hold heart meds
- Do not eat or drink (Except H20) 4 hours prior
- Avoid caffeine 24 hours prior
How to help patient with PTSD
Encourage to verbalize both memories and feelings
Jewish culture dietary
Dairy and meat cannot be eaten in the same meal
Akathisia
Movement disorder that makes it hard for you to stay still
Celiac disease diet
Gluten free - no wheat!
- soups and sauces often have hidden gluten
- Gluten free grains include: rice, corn, potato, quinoa
- No malt or traditional wheat such as pastas, bread or crackers
What does gluten do to people with celiac diseaes
Causes inflammation of SMALL intestine
What to do when wrong med is administered
- Get vitals
- Report to provider
- Alert unit manager
- Complete incident report
Scope of practice
LPN can collect date for RN, but RN must validate correct data
LPN cannot review pre-surgical lab values
What does conspicuous mean?
In plain sight
S/S of pernicious anemia
Smooth, red tongue; burning feet; lightheaded; dyspnea on exertion
What is Buerger’s disease?
Rare disease of arms and legs where blood vessels become inflamed and can become blocked with blood clots
This leads to pain, tissue damage and eventual gangrene
There is no cure
Quitting smoking can help stop the disease from getting worse
What electrolyte blocks iron absorption?
Calcium! Examples of calcium rich foods: broccoli and milk
Hypothyroidism diet
Hypothyroidism causes constipation so increase fiber in diet
Popcorn is high in fiber
What to do when chest tube is accidently D/C’d
Reconnect first before doing anything else
UAP scope of practice
CAN apply condom catheter
Alcohol abuse electrolyte disorder
Hypomagnesmia
What is rotovirus?
What kind of precautions?
Contagious virus common in children that causes diarrhea
Contact precautions
How to care for newborns umbilical chord
Do not place child in water until it falls off
Keep dry and clean. No petroleum guaze or anything
Patient with rheumatic fever pre op
Premedicate with antibiotics before surgery or dental procedure to prevent development of infective endocarditis
S/S of ovarian cancer
urinary frequency, menorrhea with breast tenderness, increased abdominal girth
Late decelerations position for mom
LEFT side to prevent compression of vena cava. Administer O2
What is green stained fluid during birth
Meconium
Have suction ready
To know about chlamydia
Use latex condom
Can be asymptomatic. If burning or discharge, report to provider
Sexually active women <25 should be screened.
If diagnosed, repeat screening in 3 mo.
When do fetal movements first occur?
16-20 weeks
C-Section teaching
- Wait for 3 weeks to drive
- Do not lift heavier than baby
- Do not cross legs
- Relax and contract pelvic floor muscles 10X, 8X a day
Purpose of amniotic fluid
- Control temperature
- Assists musculoskeletal growth
- Protects fetus from injury
What is Nagele’s rule?
Subtract 3 mo, add 7 days
When do babies regain weight after birth
In 14 days!
What do you check immediately following rupture of membranes
FHR. Want to check for prolapsed chord
Newborn with hyperbilirubinemia
- Cover eyes during phototherapy
- Phototherapy changes bilirubin so it can be more easily excreted
- Breast feeding should continue every 2-4 hours
- Baby should be undressed to allow maximum exposure for phototherapy
- Dark urine is expected because of bilirubin breakdown
What position to put mom if prolapsed chord
Knee-Chest position
Breastfeeding tips
- Wear well fitting bra 72 hours after birth
- Apply warm compress to breast prior to feeding
- Massage breast during feeding
- Wash hands before to prevent infection
