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Random from practice quizzes Flashcards

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1
Q

What is cholelithiasis and what are the risk factors

A

Formation of gallstones

Risk factors: Female, old age, liver disease

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2
Q

What is Meniere’s Disease?

A

Disorder that usually affects the inner ear - hearing and balance
Causes vertigo!
Use antiemitics to treat
Occurs most commonly among 40’s and 50’s… not old age
Typically affects only one ear
Not the result of 2nd cranial nerve damage

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3
Q

What is a nosocomial Infection

A

Hospital acquired infection

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4
Q

What is considered low birth weight?

A

2500 grams

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5
Q

Nociceptive pain is…

A

Pain from physical damage

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6
Q

Radicular pain is…

A

Pain radiated along a nerve

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7
Q

What is Fibromyalgia

A

Widespread musculoskeletal pain accompanied by fatigue, sleep, memory and mood issues

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8
Q

What is dyspepsia

A

Indigestion

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9
Q

What is arson

A

Criminal act of setting fire to property

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10
Q

What is digoxin used for?

A

Heart Failure

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11
Q

How should you take iron pills?

A

On an empty stomach. If N/V occurs, drink with OJ

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12
Q

Positioning of patient after liver surgery

A

Right side to directly apply pressure to puncture site

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13
Q

What Is an EEG?

A

Electroencephalogram

Evaluates electrical activity in the brain

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14
Q

Erickson’s… Toddler, Preschool, Schoolage

A

Toddler: Autonomy vs Shame & Guilt
Preschool: Initiative vs Guilt
School Age: Industry vs Inferiority

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15
Q

How to use a cane

A

Place cane on strong side, move cane forward 6 inches, client stands with body weight divided, advance weaker leg towards cane first then stronger leg

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16
Q

Transfer of hemiplegia patient

A

Use mechanical lift!

hemiplegia = paralysis on one side of the body

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17
Q

What is pyuria

A

Presence of pus in urine, typically from an infection!

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18
Q

What is Dysuria

A

Pain or discomfort when urinating

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19
Q

Signs of prostate cancer

A

Weak or interrupted urine flow, inability to urinate, difficulty starting/stopping, polyuria, nocturia, hematuria, dysuria, low back pain

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20
Q

Therapeutic communication reminders

A
  • Never demand an explanation… causes defensiveness
  • Open ended statements are therapeutic and provide a safe environment for building rapport and client interaction
  • Restate what patient says.
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21
Q

LPN scope of practice

A

Sterile DRSG change

Administer enema’s & antibiotics

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22
Q

What is compartment syndrome and 5 P’s

A

Edema within a closed space that may result in a vascular compromise and decreased blood flow with eventual neurologic compromise

Five P’s
Pallor, pulselessness, pain, parasthesia, paralysis

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23
Q

What is Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A

Causes pain, numbness and tingling in hand and arm. It occurs when the median nerve is squeezed or compressed as it travels through the wrist

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24
Q

What is Varicella?

A

Chicken Pox

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25
Q

What is Reye’s Syndrome?

A

Triggered by aspirin and most common among children recovering from viral infections such as chicken pox or the flu
Causes brain and liver damage

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26
Q

Diet changes when taking diuretics…

A

Limit sodium and raise potassium!

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27
Q

Good sources of potassium

A

Avocados and milk

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28
Q

What is stress urinary incontinence

A

When urine leaks out due to pressure on bladder or urethra

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29
Q

How to decrease risk of dehiscence when removing sutures

A

Remove every other and if intact, continue removing alternating ones

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30
Q

Diet change with client diagnosed with liver disease

A

Increase carbs

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31
Q

Post surgery for upper GI series

A

X-ray.. pt given barium. Give oral laxative to get rid of barium post surgery

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32
Q

Position of bed if fluid volume overload

A

Raise HOB

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33
Q

Long term use of steroids

A

Decreases calcium, so body takes it from bones increasing osteoporosis

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34
Q

Ace inhibitors

A

-prils

Dilates blood vessels so it decreases blood pressure

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35
Q

Hematocrit levels

What is Hematocrit?

A

Males: 42-52%
Females: 37-47%
Proportion of RBC

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36
Q

How long can you delay eye prophylaxis after birth for newborn

A

1 hr

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37
Q

Which type of birth is highest risk for hemorrhage?

A

C-section

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38
Q

What is a precipitous delivery?

A

Super quick labor… less than 3 hours of commencement of regular contractions. Increased risk of tearing/hemorrhage

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39
Q

Guillan Barre syndrome. What is it? Nursing things to know?

A

Autoimmune disease where immune system attacks the nerves. Leads to eventual paralysis.

  • Monitor for contractures/pressure sores
  • Eventual paralysis or paresis of lungs and airway… monitor respiratory function
  • Encourage movement - ROM, massage, etc
  • Small, frequent, well balanced meals
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40
Q

What to do when someone has difficulty voiding post-op?

A

Administer pain meds

DO NOT straight cath

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41
Q

How can Hep B spread?

A

Blood borne… Can spread through razors or toothbrushes

42
Q

What is slander?

A

Sharing verbal untruths

43
Q

What is Libel?

A

Defamation of character by print or pictures

44
Q

What is cellulitis?

How to decrease edema?

A
  1. Bacterial skin infection resulting in warm, reddened, and edematous tissue.
  2. To decrease edema use warm, moist compress to stimulate circulation and speed reabsorption of fluid.
45
Q

Bulimia causes what electrolyte disorder?

A

Hypokalemia

46
Q

S/S of pulmonary edema

A

Pink, frothy sputum

47
Q

S/S of Bell’s palsy

A

Droopy face, numbness on affected side, decreased ability to taste, increased sensitivity to sound, excessive tearing, inability to wrinkle forhead

48
Q

How is nitro administered?

A

Sublingual or buccal

49
Q

Acetylsalicyclic acid is what drug?

How is it administerd?

A

Aspirin

Chew or swallow. Faster absorption from chewing

50
Q

What is thrombocytopenia?

What are s/s?

A

Low platelets - <150,000

Ecchymosis, bleeding gums, petechiae, palpable spleen and liver

51
Q

What is HPV?

A

Human papilloma virus
There is a vaccine
Most common cause of cervical cancers

52
Q

How do you respond to delusions from schizophrenic or delusional patients?

A

Always present reality

53
Q

Y/N is power of attorney for health care part of permanent record?

A

Yes

54
Q

Why should children get rubella immunization?

A

If pregnant woman gets it from unimmunized child, baby could have birth defects.

55
Q

Complications of mumps

A

Deafness and common cause of meningitis

56
Q

What is an amniotomy?

A

Artifical ROM

57
Q

Important prescription how to write

A
  • No trailing “0” (20.0)

- Use “units” instead of IU - can be mistaken for IV or 10

58
Q

Chest tube important to know

A
  • Keep below level of chest

- Can be disconnected from suction when pt ambulates. Uses gravity

59
Q

Wound DRSG change important to know

A
  • Warm cleansing solution to body temp
  • Clean wound when drainage is present
  • Use sterile forceps to clean
  • Do NOT dry wound before applying DRSG… moisture is important for healing process
60
Q

What angle should pt’s elbows be flexed to when using crutches?
Proper way to go from standing to sitting with crutches?

A

30 degrees

Hold both crutches in one hand, grab chair with other

61
Q

Diet restrictions for patient on hemodialysis

A

Fluid, Na, K, Protein

62
Q

What is the nursing process?

A 
ADPIE
Assessment
Diagnosis
Planning
Implementing
Evaluation
63
Q

Reporting laws

A
  • Physical, mental, financial abuse of VULNERABLE POPULATIONS (does not include spouse)
  • Gunshot victims report to law enforcement
  • Gonorrhea and West Nile to CDC
64
Q

Visible changes of menopause

A

Loss of muscle mass, increased fat tissue leading to thicker waist, dryness of skin, dry vagina, hot flashes, sleep abnormalities, mood changes

65
Q

When to bathe elderly patients?

A

Before bedtime to improve sleep

66
Q

What is tepid water?

A

Lukewarm

67
Q

How to prevent clots when on plane

A
  • Do not cross legs
  • Get up and move Q2 hrs
  • Wear compression stockings
  • Avoid coffee
68
Q

What is Anhedonia?

A

Inability to feel pleasure

69
Q

What is an exercise stress test?

Eduction?

A

Determines hearts response during exercise

  • Hold heart meds
  • Do not eat or drink (Except H20) 4 hours prior
  • Avoid caffeine 24 hours prior
70
Q

How to help patient with PTSD

A

Encourage to verbalize both memories and feelings

71
Q

Jewish culture dietary

A

Dairy and meat cannot be eaten in the same meal

72
Q

Akathisia

A

Movement disorder that makes it hard for you to stay still

73
Q

Celiac disease diet

A

Gluten free - no wheat!

  • soups and sauces often have hidden gluten
  • Gluten free grains include: rice, corn, potato, quinoa
  • No malt or traditional wheat such as pastas, bread or crackers
74
Q

What does gluten do to people with celiac diseaes

A

Causes inflammation of SMALL intestine

75
Q

What to do when wrong med is administered

A
  1. Get vitals
  2. Report to provider
  3. Alert unit manager
  4. Complete incident report
76
Q

Scope of practice

A

LPN can collect date for RN, but RN must validate correct data
LPN cannot review pre-surgical lab values

77
Q

What does conspicuous mean?

A

In plain sight

78
Q

S/S of pernicious anemia

A

Smooth, red tongue; burning feet; lightheaded; dyspnea on exertion

79
Q

What is Buerger’s disease?

A

Rare disease of arms and legs where blood vessels become inflamed and can become blocked with blood clots
This leads to pain, tissue damage and eventual gangrene
There is no cure
Quitting smoking can help stop the disease from getting worse

80
Q

What electrolyte blocks iron absorption?

A

Calcium! Examples of calcium rich foods: broccoli and milk

81
Q

Hypothyroidism diet

A

Hypothyroidism causes constipation so increase fiber in diet

Popcorn is high in fiber

82
Q

What to do when chest tube is accidently D/C’d

A

Reconnect first before doing anything else

83
Q

UAP scope of practice

A

CAN apply condom catheter

84
Q

Alcohol abuse electrolyte disorder

A

Hypomagnesmia

85
Q

What is rotovirus?

What kind of precautions?

A

Contagious virus common in children that causes diarrhea

Contact precautions

86
Q

How to care for newborns umbilical chord

A

Do not place child in water until it falls off

Keep dry and clean. No petroleum guaze or anything

87
Q

Patient with rheumatic fever pre op

A

Premedicate with antibiotics before surgery or dental procedure to prevent development of infective endocarditis

88
Q

S/S of ovarian cancer

A

urinary frequency, menorrhea with breast tenderness, increased abdominal girth

89
Q

Late decelerations position for mom

A

LEFT side to prevent compression of vena cava. Administer O2

90
Q

What is green stained fluid during birth

A

Meconium

Have suction ready

91
Q

To know about chlamydia

A

Use latex condom
Can be asymptomatic. If burning or discharge, report to provider
Sexually active women <25 should be screened.
If diagnosed, repeat screening in 3 mo.

92
Q

When do fetal movements first occur?

A

16-20 weeks

93
Q

C-Section teaching

A
  • Wait for 3 weeks to drive
  • Do not lift heavier than baby
  • Do not cross legs
  • Relax and contract pelvic floor muscles 10X, 8X a day
94
Q

Purpose of amniotic fluid

A
  • Control temperature
  • Assists musculoskeletal growth
  • Protects fetus from injury
95
Q

What is Nagele’s rule?

A

Subtract 3 mo, add 7 days

96
Q

When do babies regain weight after birth

A

In 14 days!

97
Q

What do you check immediately following rupture of membranes

A

FHR. Want to check for prolapsed chord

98
Q

Newborn with hyperbilirubinemia

A
  • Cover eyes during phototherapy
  • Phototherapy changes bilirubin so it can be more easily excreted
  • Breast feeding should continue every 2-4 hours
  • Baby should be undressed to allow maximum exposure for phototherapy
  • Dark urine is expected because of bilirubin breakdown
99
Q

What position to put mom if prolapsed chord

A

Knee-Chest position

100
Q

Breastfeeding tips

A
  • Wear well fitting bra 72 hours after birth
  • Apply warm compress to breast prior to feeding
  • Massage breast during feeding
  • Wash hands before to prevent infection

NCLEX-PN (5 decks)

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