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PRIYA OPTHALMOLOGY > random factoids > Flashcards

random factoids Flashcards

1
Q

what opthalm condition may be associated with bowel problems?

A

anterior uveitis

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2
Q

what is a vitroeous haemorrhage until proven otherwirse? what do you do to investigate it?

A

retinal detachment

US of eye

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3
Q

what are topical fusidic acid drops used for?

A

bacterial conjunctivitis in pregnancy

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4
Q

what does cottage cheese apperance suggest?

A

CMV in the retina

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5
Q

what does a positive rinnes test mean in terminology?

A
  • its normal

- air conduction is > bone conduction

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6
Q

what are the inner 2/3rds of the retina supplied by?

A

CRA

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7
Q

what is the outer 1/3rd of the retina supplied by?

A

choroid

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8
Q

which drug can cause darkening and lengthening of eyelashes?

A

topical prostaglandins

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9
Q

which cranial nerve does the corneal reflex test?

A

trigeminal nerve + facial nerve

  • afferent - opthalmic division of trigeminal
  • efferent - facial
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10
Q

what is retinoblastoma?

A

common cause of severe visual impairment in 2 year olds

  • autosomal dominant
  • lack of red reflex
  • squint
  • watery eyes
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11
Q

when would you see a cherry red spot?

A

central retinal artery occlusion

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12
Q

why shoudlnt you carry out a lumbar puncture before an MRI in someone with raised ICP?

A

it can cause coning and death

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13
Q

what is entropion and where is it seen?

A

inturing of eyelashes

bacterial conjunctivitis

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14
Q

which drug can precipitate acute closed angle glaucoma?

A

trycylic antidepressants

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15
Q

which nerve is palsied when one pupil is bigger than the other?

A

CN 3

- no parasympathetic pupillary contraction

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16
Q

what is the mneominc for eye exam?

A

AFRO
acutiy
visual fields

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17
Q

how to tell left vs right eye

A

right eye = optic disc on right nasal side

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18
Q

what is the accommodation reflex

A

give patient something to focus on e.g. finger and move it closer to them

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19
Q

when is cooper wiring seen

A

hypertensive retinopathy

20
Q

pathology affecting temporal lobe causes

A

contralateral homoymous superior quadrantinopia

21
Q

what helps to distinguish between wet and dry ARMD

A

optical coherence tomography (OCT)

22
Q

3 symptoms of third nerve palsy

A
  • down and out
  • fixed mid dilated pupil
  • manually elevated eyelid due to proptosis
23
Q

which CN supplied LPS and pupil constriction

A

CN 3

24
Q

what happens when light hits rods and trans-retinal is formed

A

Na channels close and the membrane is hyper polarised –> no neurotransmitter is released into synapse
- greater potential is then produced in the bipolar cells, if it is great enough to make AP, it is generated in the ganglion cells –> propagated to brain

25
Q

what are synechiae

A

adhesions between the pupil and iris - can lead to small / irregular pupil

26
Q

which terminology describes asymmetrical corneal reflections? e.g. type of squint

A

manifest (not latent)

27
Q

if a squint moves OUT it is …

A

convergent (it was in the convergent position)

28
Q

hypermetropia meaning and how to fix

A

fixed with converging lens (causes light to come closer before it hits retina)
smaller eyes

29
Q

myopia meaning and how to fix

A

fixed with divergent lens (light has to move apart before hits the retina)
bigger eyes

30
Q

where are cones packed

A

foeva

31
Q

normal intraocular pressure

A

<21

32
Q

what is keratitis

A

infection of cornea

33
Q

where do new blood vessels grow in wet ARMD

A

choroid

34
Q

is rAPD seen in retinal detachment

A

yes

35
Q

who sees halo

A

closed angle glaucoma

36
Q

treatment for closed angle glaucoma

A

acetazolamide - stops aqueous production

37
Q

what causes optic neruritis

A

MS

38
Q

classic triad of MS / optic neuritis

A

unilateral visual impariment
eye pain on movement
distortion of colour

39
Q

treatment for MS / optic neuritis

A

methylprednisolone

40
Q

what surgery is done for cataracts

A

phacomulsification of lens + insertion of intraocilar lens

41
Q

how to treat diabetic retinopathy

A

photocoagulation
anti VEGF injectoins
vitrectomy (removal of vitreous fluid)

42
Q

bacterial conjunctiivitis in babies <1 month

A

chlamydia + n gonorrhoea (caused by mother STI)

43
Q

how to treat chlaymdia conjunctivitis

A

oxytetracyclate

44
Q

which bug causes endophthalamits

A

staph epidermis

45
Q

1st line for viral conjunctivitis

A

cold compress + artificial tears

46
Q

what puts you at risk of a corneal ulcer

A

contact lenses

47
Q

how to treat diabetic maculopathy

A

anti VEGF

PRIYA OPTHALMOLOGY (7 decks)

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