random

Question 1

true or false. cut mode on bovie is the safest monopolar mode for ICD

Answer 1

true

Question 2

what is the lowest voltage monopolar mode

Answer 2

cut mode

Question 3

what is the highest voltage monopolar mode

Answer 3

coagulation mode

Question 4

CO2 pneumoperitoneum has what effect on end tidal CO2

Answer 4

increases it

Question 5

biplar electrocautery seals vessels less than or equal to __ mm with minimal thermal spread, has ____ thermal injury than monopolar, and does not have ____ coupling

Answer 5

7
less
capacitative

Question 6

Associated malignancies of Li Fraumeni Syndrome (p53 mutation):

Answer 6

breast cancer, sarcomas, brain tumors, leukemia, adrenocortical malignancies
inherited autosomal dominant

Question 7

Associated cancers of Cowden Syndrome (PTEN mutation):

Answer 7

breast cancer, mucocutaneous lesions, thyroid cancer, endometrial cancer

Question 8

The predominant electrolyte abnormality of refeeding syndrome

Answer 8

hypophosphatemia

Question 9

Characteristics of Mui-Torre syndrome:

Answer 9

sebaceous gland tumors (presents as yellow papules)
visceral tumors (most commonly colorectal cancer)
Considered a variant of HNPCC

Question 10

Characteristics of Gardner syndrome:

Answer 10

subcategory of FAP
colonic polyposis
desmoid tumors
osteomas of the mandible or skull
cutaneous lesions (lipomas or EICs)

Question 11

Characteristics of Turcot syndrome

Answer 11

GI polyposis
CNS tumors
Colorectal cancer

Question 12

3 mechanisms by which parathyroid hormone increases calcium:

Answer 12

stimulate calcium reabsorption at the distal convoluted tubule
stimulate osteoclasts to release calcium from bone mineral stores
stimulate calcitriol (Vitamin D) to cause calcium absorption from GI tract

Question 13

Mutation of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer

Answer 13

CDH1

Question 14

Features of von Hippel-Lindau syndrome

Answer 14

renal cell carcinoma, hemangioblastomas of the retina or CNS, pheochromocytoma

Question 15

Mutation of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Answer 15

STK11

Question 16

Initial management of beta blocker overdose

Answer 16

IV fluids and atropine x3 doses

if these don’t work then glucagon

Question 17

What two cardiac overdoses is glucagon effective in reversing

Answer 17

beta blocker and calcium channel blocker overdoses

Question 18

dobutamine is purely ___ adrenergic

Answer 18

beta

Question 19

at ____ doses of dobutamine, beta __ is targeted and increases contractility

Answer 19

low, beta 1

Question 20

at ____ doses of dobutamine, beta ___ is targeted and is vasodilatory

Answer 20

high, beta 2

Question 21

What cancers is Epstein barr virus associated with

Answer 21

Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, immune-suppression related lymphoma, subset of gastric cancers

Question 22

What virus is Kaposi sarcoma associated with

Answer 22

human herpes virus 8

Question 23

describe first order kinetics

Answer 23

the rate of elimination of a drug is directly proportional to the blood concentration; a constant proportion of drug is eliminated per unit time

Question 24

describe zero order kinetics

Answer 24

the rate of elimination of a drug is constant despite blood concentration

Question 25

The effects of steroids on wound healing can be reversed by administration of which vitamin?

Answer 25

vitamin A

Question 26

Maximum amplitude on TEG reflects

Answer 26

final clot strength: interplay of the platelets with functioning fibrinogen

Question 27

If maximum amplitude is low on TEG:

Answer 27

transfuse platelets and consider desmopressin

Question 28

Most common agent used in uremic patients with active bleeding

Answer 28

desmopressin

Question 29

Low reaction time on TEG

Answer 29

treat with FFP; indicates time to start forming clot

Question 30

Primary uses for desmopressin (DDAVP)

Answer 30

treatment of DI, hemophilia A bleeding, and mild vWF disease

Question 31

low clot kinetics value (K)

Answer 31

treat with cryo; indicates time to clot reaching fixed strength

Question 32

Low alpha angle (speed of fibrin accumulation) on TEG

Answer 32

treat with cryo

Question 33

Low lysis at 30 min (LY30)

Answer 33

treat with TXA or aminocaproic acid; percentage of amplitude reduction 39 min after max amplitude

Question 34

Sodium nitroprusside is metabolized to ____ and can lead to ___ toxicity

Answer 34

cyanide

Question 35

Presentation of cyanide toxicity

Answer 35

lactic acidosis and altered mental status followed by cardiovascular collapse and coma

Question 36

What patients is nitroprusside contraindicated in?

Answer 36

B12 deficiency, hypovolemia, anemia, and severe renal/liver disease

Question 37

Antidote for cyanide toxicity

Answer 37

cyanocobalamin with sodium thiosulfate

Question 38

characteristics of copper deficiency

Answer 38

pancytopenia, peripheral neuropathy, ataxia

Question 39

characteristics of selenium deficiency

Answer 39

cardiomyopathy, impaired growth, pain, weakness

Question 40

characteristics of zinc deficiency

Answer 40

growth failure, delayed sexual maturity, skin lesions (perioral and perianal red denuded skin), decreased immunity

Question 41

characteristics of essential fatty acid deficiency

Answer 41

scaly dermatitis, alopecia, thrombocytopenia, impaired growth, cognitive and visual dysfunction