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Question 1

MESIAL STEP very exxageratted together with spacing and drifting and mesial growth horizontal of mandible

Answer 1

class III

Question 2

areas of pressure in initial strain / primary displacement

Answer 2

pdl fibers and bone is compressed

tension is pdl is stretched

pressure – resorption

tension – bone apposition

Question 3

foramtion on which aspect of ramus? vs resorption?

Answer 3

formation - on distal of ramus

and resorption on anterior

Question 4

referred to as applied moment

Answer 4

couples –

Question 5

single forces uses

Answer 5

coil springs, continous, long or short power chains

Question 6

wire to produce single force? vs a couple?

Answer 6

couple needs rectangular wire

single uses super-elastic bends or wires

Question 7

force can be called

Answer 7

moment or couple

Question 8

root movement is what kind

Answer 8

torque - change in roots axial inclination

Question 9

head gear does what

Answer 9

restricts maxilla growth so mandible can ‘catch up’

Question 10

convex profile associated with? concave profile associated with?

Answer 10

convex - class II

concave – class III

Question 11

pure rotation vs rotation

Answer 11

PURE
CRot = CR

rotation
center of rotation is OUTSIDE of the tooth

Question 12

force in fremovable sppliance

Answer 12

SINGLE

Question 13

factors used to measure smile esthetics

Answer 13

1. tooth allignment (midline)
2. smile line - incisal plane
3. gingival to lip relations
4. gingival architecture
5. present papilla

Question 14

anchorage can be

Answer 14

intra-oral (inter-arch or intra-arch)

extra-oral

Question 15

cartilage growth centers

Answer 15

1. epiphyseal cartilage of long bones

CRANIAL BASE SYNCHONDROSES

NASAL SEPTUM

Question 16

growth sites ___

general

Answer 16

help facilitate movement / location at which growth occurs

Question 17

bolton’s discrepency?
presents as?
clinically?

Answer 17

in terms of tooth SIZE

• ratio with proportionality
• to work with good overbite / overjet/ and classification
• the size of the upper teeth is NOT proprtional to the size of the lower teeth (5% of population has ideal proportion)

clincially - see spaciong, crowding, or if aligned - altered OJ

Question 18

bolton’s discrepency most commonly seen in

Answer 18

lateral incisor variation is most common cause for Bolton’s discrepency

Question 19

lee way space

Answer 19

1. 2 mm on upper
2. 1 mm on lower

M-D width of primary canone and 1 st and 2nd molar - the M-D width of permanent canine and 1st and 2nd premolar

Question 20

use of leeway space?

Answer 20

can be used to CONVERT a flush terminal plan molar relationship into a class I relationship

Question 21

y-axis gives you information on?

Answer 21

the mandibular growth

samller angle associated with a more horizontal of the mandible

larger- more vertical pattern of the mandible

Question 22

upper incisor angle

lower incisor angle

Answer 22

inclination of upper incisor to the maxilla

greater angle = proclined incisors
lesser angle = retroclined incisors

LOWER – incisor inclination relation to the mandible
greater angle = proclines
lesser angle = retroclined

Question 23

dental lower incisor to mandibular plane

Answer 23

normal is 90

Question 24

details in inter incisal angle

Answer 24

The more labially inclined (proclined) the incisors are, the less the interincisal angle. The more lingually inclined (retroclined) the incisors are, the more the interincisal angle.

• Class II division 1 cases usually have a smaller than average interincisal angle.
• Class II division 2 cases usually have a larger than average interincisal angle due to the lingual inclination of the maxillary central incisors.

Question 25

skeletal open bite associated with?

Answer 25

open mandibular plane angle

increased facial height

Question 26

clinically we see ____ with biting force

Answer 26

short clinical crowns becayse of anterior open bite tendency of infraerupted posterior teeth

also associated with excessive over bite