Random Flashcards by Jack Hamersky

The narrowest part of the ventricular system of the brain is…

Mesencephalic aqueduct

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What structure is the black area pointing to?

Osseous tentorum cerebrii

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What structures create the round ligaments of the bladder?

Umbilical arteries

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Umbilical vein runs where?

To the liver - hilus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Bearded dragons have a what for their breathing anatomy?

Ceclomic cavity - rib muscles are the ones that let it breath not a diaphragm.

Passive transfer of oxygen

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Name the sesamoid of the elbow joint?

Tendon of the supinator

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the name of this area in a cat? Dog?

Sphenopalentine sinus - cat

Sphenopalentine recess - dog

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The dew claw is what number phanlange?

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Portal vasculature - divisions of the portal vein

Right lateral
1. Right lateral
2. Caudate
Right medial
Left medial
1. Left medial and

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What cranial nerves are involved in swallowing?

Trigeminal
Hypoglossal
Facial
Vagus
Glossopharyngeal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What structure is the asterik in?

Dorsal pouch of the distal interphangeal joint

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What structure separates the navicular bursa and the distal interphalangeal joint?

Distal sesamoidean impar ligament

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Where does the extensor carpi radialis originate from?

Lateral epicondyle of the humerus

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the difference between veno-occulssive disease, noncirrhotic portal hypertension and microvascular dyplasia?

They are all primary hypoplasia of the portal vein…. however, microvascular dyplasia does not cause portal hypertension. They others do.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are these structures?

Caudal circumflex humeral artery

Axillobrachial vein

These are branches of the axillary artery and vein

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What structure is the T2W hyperintensity in?

Basal ganglion

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What two muscles make up the iliopsoas m?

Iliacus m

Psoas major

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Where does the psoas major arise from and attach?

Arises from the transverse processes of L2-L4

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Where does the iliacus m arise from?

Ilium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What arteries supply the head and neck of the femors?

The medial and lateral deep circumflex artery from the sacral (70%)

Gluteal arteries (30%)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Where are the celiac and cranial mesenteric arteries located on a sagitall MRI image?

Celiac is just ventral to L1

CrM is ventral to L1-L2

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are that supplies the brain of a dog does not arise from the circle of willis?

Caudal cerebellum which arise directly from the basilar artery

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What ligament extends from the lateral meniscus and attaches to the medial femoral condyle in the stifle joint of a dog?

Meniscofemoral ligament

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What do the curved lines represent and the arrow heads?

Meniscus - curved line

Meniscal struts - arrow heads

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What areas do the black arrows represent in the stifle?

Cranial and caudal joint recess Long digital extensor shealth

What is the meniscal strut?

It is the attachment of the cranial aspect of the lateral meniscus to the popliteus tendon seen here as the white arrow head.

What is the anatomical name for bv?

basivertebral venous canal

What is the anatomical name for mp and cd making the facet?

mp = mammillary process cd = caudal articular process

What is the ts?

thecal sac

What is the name for iv?

internal vertebral venous plexus This is paired vessels that converge in the middle of a vertebral body and then diverge at the endplates... anastomosing vessels can be seen and are normal at the level of the disc space.

What is the sw?

sacral wing

Where does the bronchoesophageal artery (the one that supplies the esophagus and bronchi) arise from?

Right 5th intercostal artery

What arteries supply the cervial portion of the esophagus?

Cranial and Caudal thyroid arteries

What arteries supply the cranial 2/3 fo the thoracic portion of the esophagus?

Bronchoesophageal artery.

What arteries supply the caudal portion of the thoracic esophagus?

Esophageal branches from the aorta and dorsal intercostal arteries

What arteries supply the terminal (abdominal) portion of the esophagus?

Esophageal branch of the left gastric

What muscle does the femoral nerve run through?

Iliopsoas m. Ex. of a nerve tumor in the femoral nerve as it courses through the iliopsoas

What attaches to the third trochanter of a horse?

Insertion of the superficial gluteal muscle.

What is the caput mandibulae?

Mandibular condyle

What are these four anatomic structures?

Top to buttom 1. TMJ joint 2. Condylar process 3. Retroarticular process 4. Angular process

What plane is the tympanic membrane best seen in CT?

Dorsal

The mandibular fossa and condylar process make up what joint and allow what type of movement?

TMJ Allow hinge and side to side.

What is the anatomical structure of PC?

Coronoid process

The retroarticular process of the mandibular fossa is a unique anatomical structure associated with what type of species?

carnivores

What is the stucture associated with the \* and the two white arrow heads?

\* = the angular process Double arrow heads = TMJ disc

What muscle inserts on the coronoid process of the mandible?

Temporalis m

The mandibular symphysis is what type of joint?

Fibrocartilagenous

What is the rule with displacement of the lower jaw and mandibular fractures?

The lower jaw divates towards the side that is fractured.

The tympanic cavity is divided into three portions...what are they and which one holds the auditory ossicles and muscles?

Ventral hypotympanicum Dorsal epitympanic Middle (mesotympanicum) - this is where the ossicles are

The tympanic nerve is an extension of what cranial nerve?

Facial

What bone does the bony and membranous labyrith reside in?

Temporal bone.

What leg is the peroneal nerve in and where does it originate from?

Hind leg Originates from the sciate nerve and courses laterally

The tibia nerve dives between what muscle in the lower aspect of the hind leg? What does the tibia nerve originate from?

Gastrocnemius m. Originates from the sciatic n.

Acronym for brachial plexus nerves and where they arise from?

3 muscateers, assinated, 5 rats, 5 mice and 2 unicorns C5-T1

What structure is B and C?

B = vertebral vein C = Internal vertebral venous sinus

What is A and F?

A = internal vertebral venous sinus F = Longus coli m.

What is A?

Interarcual vein.

Where does the extensor carpii radialis insert?

3rd and 4th proximal metacarpal bone

Where does the flexor carpii ulnaris insert?

Accessary carpal bone

What are the three parts of the adenophyophysis?

Pars distalis Pars intermedia Pars tuberalis

What does the adenophyophysis arise from?

Dorsal invagination of the ectoderm from the oral cavity (Rathke's pouch)

What does the neurohypophysis (pars nervosa) arise from?

Evagination of the neural ectoderm from the hypothalamus.

The sella turcica or hypophyseal fossa is in what bone?

Basisphenoid bone

Two cavernous sinuses bound the hypophysis laterally and contain what cranial nerves and arteries?

CN 3, 4, 5 (ophthalmic) and 6 Eye control! Middle meningeal, external ophthamic and internal carotid arteries

What is the "wings" of the pterygoid called?

Hamulus

The deep circumflex iliac artery supplies what?

Quadraduce luborum Psoas major Abdominal wall AKA FLANK

What type of lining does the uterus masculinus have?

Simple columnar to pseudostratified

What type of fluid is noted in the uterus masculinus?

Nonseptic, aspermic, cystic fluid

What is the cut off for adenoma and adenocarcinoma vs hyperplasia and parathyroid hyperplasia for nodules in the thyroid?

4mm

What does the cavernous sinus drain?

Orbit and brain

What crainal nerves run through the cavernous sinus?

CN 3-6 5=opthalmic

What is the difference between periosteal, parosteal and high grade surface osteosarcoma?

Periosteal - arises from the periosteum - semi-aggressive Parosteal osteosarcoma - arises from connective tissue of periosteum. Low grade malignant High grade suface osteosarcoma - Looks like osteosarcoma with aggressive shit

What does diazepam do to gastric emptying in cats?

Increase it.

What are the two significantly negative prognostic predictors of survival in dogs with lymphosarcoma?

**Cranial mediastinal lymphadenopathy and T-cell.** Pulmonary infiltrate was not significant.

What are the features of gastric ulceration on ultrasound

1. Focal thickening with loss of layering 2. focal mucosal disruption 3. **microbubble accumulation at the ulcer crater**

What are the ratios of cvc to aorta on a lateral radiograph that indicate no right heart failure and right heart failure?

1. \<1 = No heart failure 2. \>1.5 likely 1. \>1.3 CVC:thoracic vert body lenghth 2. \>3.5 CVC: 4th rib

What is dysraphism?

Failure of neural tube to close

What are the myelographic changes for an arachnoid cyst?

Tear drop enlargement on DV Contrast dorsal to the spine

What is the cutoff limit (size) for malignancy in an adrenal mass

\>4cm = malignant \>2cm = probably malignant \<2cm = crap shoot

What is the limit for infusion of a sedated dog for a positive cystogram?

11-15ml/kg

When can you see mineralization of feti in dog or cat?

Dog - 45 days Cat - 36-45 days