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Anatomy > Orthopedics SA > Flashcards

Orthopedics SA Flashcards

1
Q

What muscle of the elbow attaches to the lateral aspect of the olecranon and the lateral aspect of the distal humerus?

A

Anconeus m

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2
Q

The extensors of the digits and carpus originate on or near?

A

The lateral epicondyle of the humerus

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3
Q

The flexors of the digits and carpus originate on or near?

A

The medial epicondyle of the humerus

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4
Q

From medial to lateral, how are the four extensor muscles of the carpus/digits arranged?

A

Extensor carpi radials
Common digital extensor
Lateral digital extensor
Extensor carpi ulnaris (Ulnaris lateralis)

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5
Q

What holds the extensors of the carpus in place?

A

Extensor retinaculum

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6
Q

What is the difference between cats and dogs extensor carpi radials?

A

Cats are completely separated into 2 segments

Brevis and longus

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7
Q

What sesmoid bones can be mistaken for chip fractures in the elbow and the carpus?

A

Elbow: Supinator or lateral collateral lig
Carpus: Abductor pollicus longus

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8
Q

Other than the flexors and extensors…what other muscles originate from the medial and lateral epicondyles of the humerus?

A

Supinator - Lateral epicondyle
Pronator - Medial epicondyle.

Both attach to the prox radius

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9
Q

Flexors from cranial to caudal on the medial side?

A

Flexor carpi radialis
SDF
DDF
Flexor carpi ulnaris

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10
Q

What extensors and flexors of the carpus/digits attach to the accessory carpal bone?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Extensor carpi ulnaris

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11
Q

Where does the extensor carpi ulnaris attach?

A

MC5

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12
Q

What ligament pulls P3 into hyperextension so the claw is elevated?

A

Dorsal elastic ligament.

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13
Q

Interosseous m is considered a?

A

Extensor…. as it has an extensor branch that attaches with the common digit extensor

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14
Q

Extensor muscles of the carpus on the lateral side are controlled by what n?

A

Radial

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15
Q

Flexor muscles of the carpus on the lateral side are controlled by what n?

A

Ulnar and Median

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16
Q

Trochlea of the humerus is what side while the capitulum is on what side?

A

Trochlea: Medial
Capitulum: Lateral

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17
Q

Supracondylar foramen is seen in what animal and where?

A

Cats

Medial epicondyle

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18
Q

The supracondylar foramen contains what?

A

Medain n.

Brachial a and v — continuation of the axillary a

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19
Q

Lesser tubercle is on what side of the humerus?

A

Medial — think… not much muscle there to attach

20
Q

The styloid process of the radius is where?

A

Medial aspect of the radius and carpal joint

21
Q

What process of the scapula does the cat have? What is it for?

A

Suprahamate process

22
Q

What is the origin of the biceps brachii?

A

Supraglenoid tubercle

23
Q

What are the three common disc spaces to be narrowed and not be pathologic?

A

C2-3
C7-T1
T10-T11
L7-S1

24
Q

What nerve innervates the Supra and infraspinatus mm?

A

Suprascapular n.

25
Q

What is the acronym for the brachial plexus?

A

SS MAR MU

26
Q

The extensors of the digits in the rear limb are controlled by what nerves?

A

Fibular

Peroneal

27
Q

Extensors of the stifle (quads) are controlled by what nerve?

A

Femoral

28
Q

Dropped jaw is consistent with damage to what n?

A

Trigeminal n

29
Q

What nerve mediates the panniculus response?

A

Lateral thoracic n

30
Q

The external anal sphincter is controlled by what?

A

Caudal rectal n.

31
Q

What is the difference between a high radial never and low radial nerve damage?

A

High radial n - paralysis of the extensors of the elbow (triceps)
Low radial n - paralysis of the extensors of the carpus

32
Q

What nerves in the hind end control the extensors?

A

Femoral - high (stifle) extensors

Fibular (peroneal) n - low (tarsus) extensors

33
Q

Parasympathetic information is sent to what glands by the facial n?

A

Lacrimal
Mandibular salivary gland
Sublingual salivary gland

34
Q

Parasympathetic information is sent to what glands by the Glossopharyngeal n?

A

Parotid salivary gland

35
Q

What is the most lateral carpal bone in proximal row in dogs and cats?

A

Ulnar carpal bone

36
Q

What is the most medial carpal bone in the proximal row in dogs and cats?

A

Radial carpal bone

37
Q

What are the three carpal bones in the proximal row in a dog and cat?

A

Radial - Most medial
Ulnar - most lateral
Accessary

38
Q

What are the four carpal bones in the distal row in the dogs and cat?

A

First - medial
Second
Third
Fourth - Lateral

39
Q

What is the diffference in number of sesamoids on the dorsal aspect of the digits of the cat and dog vs the palmar/plantar aspect?

A

Dorsal - one sesamoid

Plantar/palmar - two sesamoids

40
Q

What nerve innverates the flexors of the elbow (biceps brachii and brachialis)?

A

Musculocutaneous n

41
Q

What muscles are on the medial side of the shoulder?

A

Subscapularis
Teres major
Coracobrachialis

42
Q

What muscles are on the lateral side of the shoulder?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

43
Q

What tendon holds down the tendon of the biceps brachi? What does it attach to?

A

Transverse humeral ligament

Between the greater and lesser curvature.

44
Q

The coracobrachialis runs inbetween the triceps heads and inserts where?

A

The coracoid process

- on the medial side of the supraglenoid tubercle.

45
Q

What joints of the carpus communicate in a cat and dog?

A

Middle and Carpometacarpal

46
Q

Where does the phrenic n originate?

A

C5-7

47
Q

Brachial plexus is derived from the dorsal or ventral nerve roots?

A

Ventral (motor neuron)

Anatomy (5 decks)

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