Random

Question 1

MND presentation

Answer 1

Upper and lower MN signs

no sensory involvement

Bulbar signs - tongue wasting, fasciculations

Question 2

Hemisection of cord

Answer 2

Ipsilateral paralysis + loss of light touch/vibration

Contralateral loss of pain + temp

Question 3

Cluster headache

Answer 3

More common in men
Unilateral, autonomic features
Px feel the need to move around

Question 4

Amaurosis fugax

Answer 4

Curtain drawing over eyes

retinal a. embolism as a consequence of AF

Question 5

Status epilepticus tx

Answer 5

Rectal diazepam -> intravenous lorazepam

No response? load urgently with phenytoin

Question 6

Complex partial seizure

Answer 6

They don’t remember having it

Question 7

Psoriasis nail changes

Answer 7

Onycholysis

Question 8

Basal cell carcinoma main characteristic

Answer 8

Rolled edge

Question 9

Squamous cell carcinoma characteristics

Answer 9

Hyperkeratonic, ulcerated nodules with inverted edges

Question 10

Breslows thickness

Answer 10

Assesses the invasion of the melanoma starting from the granular layer of the epidermis to the deepest part

Question 11

Negative D-dimer?

Answer 11

Pulmonary embolism

Question 12

Genetics in burkitts lymphoma

Answer 12

t (8,14)

Question 13

Rouleaux formation

Answer 13

Seen in multiple myeloma

RBC’s adhere and stack on each other

Question 14

LSE anaemia?

Answer 14

Normocytic normochromic due to decreased erythropoeisis

Question 15

Mccune albright syndrome

Answer 15

genetic disorder causing uncontrolled secretion of a number of endocrine glands

Question 16

De quervains thyroiditis

Answer 16

transient change in thyroid status due to a viral infection

Question 17

Anion gap formula

Answer 17

(Na + K) - (Cl + HCO3)

Question 18

Familial gastric cancer mutation?

Answer 18

CDH1 (e-cadherin) mutation

Question 19

Hepatocellular carcinoma marker

Answer 19

Alpha feto protein

Question 20

Cirrhosis LFT findings and consequences

Answer 20

Rasied bilirubin and PT, lowered albumin and platelets

Ascites, encephalopathy, variceal bleeding, hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 21

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

Answer 21

Ascitic tap >250 neutrophils

IV antibiotics and albumin

Question 22

Causes of dysphagia

Answer 22

Oesophageal carcinoma, oesophageal ring, peptic strictures, retrosternal goitre

Question 23

Difference between duodenal and gastric ulcer pain?

Answer 23

Duodenal pain normally relieved after meals, gastric worse.

Question 24

Oesophageal varices tx

Answer 24

B blockers

TIPPS 2nd line

Question 25

Conditions predisposing to colorectal cancer

Answer 25

IBD, lynch syndrome

Question 26

2 commonest causes of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 26

Alcohol, gallstones

Question 27

Tx for massive haematemesis?

Answer 27

Fluid resusc

Terlipressin

Antibiotics

Question 28

Goldstandard inv for suspected colorectal cancer?

Answer 28

Colonoscopy - permits biopsies + localisation of the tumour

Question 29

Hereditary haemochromatosis initial tx

Answer 29

Venesection

Question 30

Mallory weiss syndrome?

Answer 30

Oesophageal laceration. Forceful prolonged vomiting and haemetemesis

Question 31

Hereditary nephritis, sensorineural deafness and occular abnormalities point to what?

Answer 31

Alport syndrome - genetic defect in type IV collagen

Question 32

Wolfram syndrome?

Answer 32

Can cause DI, DM, optic atrophy and deafness

Glucose would be detected on urine dipstick

Question 33

Most common sx of bladder cancer?

Answer 33

Painless haematuria with weight loss

Question 34

What are abdominal bruits highly suggestive of in renal?

Answer 34

Renovascular disease