Nephrology CBL Flashcards
In childhood nephrotic syndrome, where is the first presentation of oedema?
Periorbital
Cause of childhood nephrotic syndrome
Minimal change nephropathy
Mx of childhood nephrotic syndrome
Oral corticosteroid
Which ratio is particularly raised in nephrotic syndrome?
Urine protein:creatinine
Treatment for adult nephrotic syndrome (membranous nephropathy)
Diuretic
ACE inhibitor +/or ARB
Consider anticoag and lipid-lowering meds
Bacteria associated with acute glomerulonephritis
Streptococcus pyogenes (throat swab yield)
Mx of acute glomerulonephritis
Antibiotic to clear streptococcus
Pathology of goodpasture’s syndrome
Fibrinogen in crescent obliterating bowman’s space
IgG: anti-GBM antibody with lung involvement
Mx of goodpasture’s syndrome
Corticosteroid
cyclophosphamide
plasma exchange
Risk factors for acute rhabdomyolysis
Drugs
Local heat
Seizure hx
Renal serum biochemistry
Renal function CRP Liver function Bone profile Creatine kinase
Mx of rhabdomyolysis
Treatment for hyperkalaemia - calcium gluconate
Dialysis
Rehydration
Microscopy findings for membranous nephropathy
Light microscopy – thickened capillary loops, normal cellularity
There are characteristic “spikes” of basement membrane between the immune deposits seen on electron microscopy
IgA Nephropathy symptoms
Asymptomatic urinary abnormalities
Visible haematuria
Chronic decline in kidney function with hypertension
Acute glomerulonephritis with rapidly declining kidney function
IgA nephropathy microscopy
Proliferation of mesangial cell matrix and hypercellularity with IgA deposits in mesangium on immunofluorescence.
