Random Flashcards
Newborn Resuscitation
i) Warm and dry Baby
ii) Check for tone, breathing and heart rate
iii) If not breathing - Open airway + 5 inflation breaths
iv) reassess for increase in heart rate
v) if no increase assess whether resuscitation breaths are causing the chest to rise
vi) If the chest ISNT moving (inadequate resuscitation breaths) then recheck head position and repeat the resus breaths with help
vii) Compressions at ratio of 3:1 if heart rate is 60 or less - Reassessing the heart rate every 30 seconds
Pre menstrual migraine prophylaxis?
Frovatriptan or Zolmitriptan
Migraine treatment in women of child bearing age:
propanolol versus topiramate
Propanolol
Topiramate is associated with teratogenicity
When is vaginal bleeding considered a rhesus sensitising event?
<12 weeks if Painful, Heavy or Persistent
>12 weeks (always)
Other sensitising events:
- ectopic
- ERPC/ Evacuation of molar pregnancy
- Chorionic villus sampling/ aminocentesis
- antepartum haemorrhage
- abdominal trauma
- External Cephalic version
- Intra-uterine Death
- Post-delivery
When should prophylactic anti- d be given?
I) 28 weeks
iI) 34 weeks
Best possible answer:
When is a serum progesterone most useful?
What is it most useful for?
Serum progesterone should be taken 7 days before the end of a cycle. This is because the luteal phase is always 7 days and the beginning of this marks ovulation. Follicular phase is variable between women.
Useful for measuring ovulation.
Ultrasound scan with one smaller twin:
Found that the smaller twin is getting suboptimal blood flow.
Diagnosis?
Treatment?
Dx: Twin to Twin Transfusion Syndrome
Tx:
i) Indomethacin to reduce foetal urine output
ii) Laser obliteration of placental vascular communications
iii) selective foetal reduction
iv) postnatal blood transfusion to donor twin/ exchange transfusion and cardiac treatment for the recipient twin
Cervical cytology schedule for HIV positive women?
Annual cervical cytology
- Increased risk of CIN
- Due to: i) decreased immune response/ clearance of HPV ii) Increased disease progression iii) increases risk of false negative cytology
Ovarian Tumours:
Benign ovarian tumour
Cysts lined by ciliated cells
Serous Cystadenoma
Ovarian Tumours:
Malignant tumour - often bilateral
Psammoma bodies seen
Serous Cystadenocarcinoma
Ovarian Tumours:
Cyst lined by mucous secreting epithelium
Mucinous Cystadenoma
- Benign
Ovarian Tumours:
Malignant cyst lined by mucous secreting epithelium
- associated with pseduomyxoma peritonei
Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma
Ovarian Tumours:
Benign Clusters of epithelial cells
Coffee Bean Nucleu
Brenner Tumour
- Benign
Ovarian Tumours:
Combination of ectodermal, mesodermal and endodermal tissue
Teratoma (dermoid cyst)
- Mature are usually benign
- Immature are malignant
Ovarian Tumours:
Androgen Producing tumour
- What condition is it associated with
Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumour:
Benign
Associated with peutz- jegher syndrome
