Diseases of the newborn

Question 1

Fetal tachycardia
Meconium-stained amniotic fluid
Respiratory Distress
CXR - Patchy infiltrates, atelectasis

Answer 1

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome

RFs:

Post-Term Neonates
Maternal hypertension
Pre-Eclampsia
Chorioamnionitis
Smoking
Substance Abuse

Question 2

Respiratory distress in the neonate

CXR: Radiopaque line in the horizontal fissure of the right lung

Answer 2

Transient Tachypnoea of the newborn

Due to retained lung fluid

RFs:
C- Section without Labour
35+ week gestation babies

Question 3

Premature Infant
Respiratory Distress
Respiratory failure
Apnea

Answer 3

Surfactant Deficiency
(Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome)

Associated with neonatal infection and genetic abnormalities involving surfactant proteins

RFs:
Diabetic mothers
prematurity

Question 4

Hepatitis B Vaccine schedule in at risk babies

Surface Antigen NEGATIVE

Surface Antigen POSITIVE

Answer 4

Negative:

Hep B Vaccine soon after birth

Positive:

1st Dose Hep B Vaccine soon after birth
0.5 ml HBIG within 12 hours of birth
2nd Dose Hep B Vaccine 1-2months postnatally
3rd Dose Hep B Vaccine
6 months postnatally

Question 5

Hyperechogeneic bowel on antenatal USS is indicative of:

a) pyloric stenosis
b) cardiac malformation
c) cystic fibrosis
d) Down’s syndrome
e) neonatal abstinence syndrome

Answer 5

Cystic fibrosis and Down’s Syndrome

also CMV

Question 6

Causes of oligohydramnios

5 causes

Answer 6

PROM
Feral renal disease
IUGR
post term gestation 
pre eclampsia

Question 7

Most common cause of severe infection in neonate <7 days old

Answer 7

Group B Streptococcus Infection

- Strep. Agalagticae