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- Y6 PSA > Random 5 - own notes > Flashcards

Random 5 - own notes Flashcards

1
Q

When can you switch from IV to oral antibiotics?

A

If all of the below met:
o Oral fluids tolerated
o Temperature >36 or <38 for 24hrs
o No tachycardia and HR <100bpm for 12hrs
o WCC 4-12 and CRP returning to normal
o No absorption problems
o Suitable oral drug available
o Non-immunocompromised

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2
Q

Metoclopramide maximum length of treatment?

A

5 days

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3
Q

Below which weight may you have to adjust medication doses?

A

<60kg or <50kg for some

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4
Q

Which medications should not be taken around the same time as Calcium?

A

Cirpofloxacin/quinolones (give 2hrs before the Ca or 4hrs after)
Bisphosphonates
Iron
Levothyroxine

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5
Q

How do you treat vitamin D deficiency?

A

Osteoporosis:
Calcium carbonate 1.25 gram, Colecalciferol 400 unit
1 tablet
PO
BD

Vitamin D only:
Colecalciferol
2000 units
PO
OD

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6
Q

Why should tiotropium and ipratropium not be prescribed together?

A

Both antimuscarinic -> urinary retention, dry mouth, constipation

NB: tiotropium is INH, ipratropium is NEB

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7
Q

What symbols may be used for 1 vs 2 tablets?

A

A “T” with a dot over it is, “1”. Two dots over a “T” with two legs is, “2”, and so on.

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8
Q

When does warfarin need daily INR monitoring?

A

When on: WARFOAC
Warfarin on:
Antibiotics
Regular tramadol
Fluconazole
Omeprazole
Amiodarone
Corticosteroids at high dose

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9
Q

What types of Humalog are available?

A

Humalog = rapid acting
Humalog mix 25 = 25% rapid acting
Humalog mix 50 = 50% rapid acting

When prescribing need to state the type of device (pre-filled device, cartridge, vial) and brand used.

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10
Q

What is the brand name for insulin aspart?

A

Novorapid

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11
Q

Apart from illness, when should you increase hydrocortisone in hospital?

A

Surgery
Anaesthetic

Should have 100mg IV QDS in these cases.

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12
Q

What is the maximum dose of statin when given with amlodipine?

A

With amlodipine, ditiazem or verapamil the maximum dose of statin is 20mg

Consider changing to other CCB or other statin which does not interact with amlodipine.

i.e. Pravastatin, fluvastatin or rosuvastatin do not interact with amlodipine.

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13
Q

Clarithromycin and tacrolimus?

A

Do not prescribe together as clari/erythromycin inhibits metabolism of tacrolimus -> AKI

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14
Q

Seretide inhaler?

A

Salmeterol and fluticasone (i.e. LABA ICS)

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15
Q

Are phenytoin capsules and suspension bioequivalent?

A

NO - less suspension for same effect
100 = 92

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16
Q

Which antihyperglycaemic has bladder cancer risk?

A

Pioglitazone (PEEaglitazone)

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17
Q

CIWA score cut offs?

A

<8 - very mild
8-14 - mild
15-20 - moderate
>=20 - severe

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18
Q

How to prescribe rapid acting insulin?

A

BRAND NAME
e.g. actrapid 2 units SC PRN

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19
Q

What is the correction factor in insulin use?

A

How much 1 unit of insulin drops the glucose levels

Calculated by:
100/(no of units per day)

e.g. If using 39 units per day
100/39 = 2.5. so every unit will lower BMs by 2.5 mmol/mol

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20
Q

Stiff hand and knee joints worse on movement?

A

Topical ibuprofen prescribed as:

5% ibuprofen gel
1 application
topical
PRN

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21
Q

Otitis media antibiotic?

A

Bulging membrane -> amoxicillin

In contrast to otitis externa which may use flucloxacillin.

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22
Q

Bell’s palsy steroid dose?

A

Prednisolone 60mg PO OD 5 days if presenting within 72hrs of disease onset

OR prednisolone 50mg PO OD 10days

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23
Q

Are edoxaban and dabigatran oral?

A

Yes BUT require 5 days parenteral LMWH anticoagulation prior in most cases except ortho-related VTE tx/px

24
Q

Time frames for fluids in hypercalcaemia?

A

1L over 1-2hrs initially
4-6L over 24hrs needed

25
Q

HHS fluid prescriptions?

A

1L over 1-2hrs initially
3-6L needed within 12hrs to correct the deficit
Do not reduce blood glucose by more than 5mmol/hr

26
Q

Erythema chronicum migrans abx?

A

Most likely Lyme so dyxycycline

27
Q

Phosphate replacement in refeeding syndrome?

A

Phosphate polyfusor 50mmol IV over 12hrs

NB: refeeding syndrome ->
- hypokalaemia
- hypomag
- hypophos - most important to correct
- hypocal
- hyponat
- fluid overload

28
Q

How to prescribe oxygen for acute respiratory failure?

A

Oxygen
15 L/min
Non-rebreather mask
Continuous

29
Q

How to prescribe venturi?

A

Oxygen
28 %
Venturi mask
Continuous

30
Q

What are the types of venturi masks?

A

BLUE = 2-4L/min = 24%
WHITE = 4-6L/min = 28%
YELLOW = 8-10L/min = 35%

31
Q

Lymecycline side effect?

A

Photosensitivity

32
Q

Most common SE with HRT?

A

GI discomfort and weight changes

33
Q

Tablet to induce withdrawal bleed in someone with oligemonorrhoea?

A

Medroxyprogesterone acetate 10mg PO OD

Taken for 14 days then withdrawal bleed occurs and patient can be referred for USS

34
Q

What is the site of iron absorption in the gut?

A

Duodenum - so coeliac damage may cause Fe def

35
Q

Activated charcoal for paracetamol overdose?

A

Only within 1hr if >150mg/kg ingested

36
Q

Earliest time that paracetamol level may be reliably measured?

A

4hrs

Treat immediately if there is going to be a delay in 8 hrs or more in obtaining paracetamol levels.

37
Q

Timings of acetylcysteine infusions?

A

1st over 1hr
2nd over 4hrs
3rd over 16hrs

Given back to back

38
Q

Antiemetic to prescribe with opioid?

A

Metoclopramide

39
Q

Over what time period is hyoscine prescribed for the syringe driver?

A

Over 24hrs SC

40
Q

Whooping cough in a child abx?

A

Clarithromycin or azithromycin

Pregnancy: erythromycin

41
Q

PTU or carbimazole in pregnancy?

A

PTU in first trimester only
Carbimazole in second and third trimester

42
Q

Furosemide side effect?
Diarrhoea
Dizziness
Drowsiness
Nausea
Palpitations

A

Dizziness only

43
Q

How do you prescribe adrenaline for a 4yr old?

A

Adrenaline 1: 1000
150 micrograms OR 0.15ml
IM
Once only

NB: from 6yrs to 12yrs use 300mcg, then 500mcg

44
Q

Sertraline dose for depression/OCD vs GAD/PTSD?

A

Depression/OCD - start 50mg
GAD/PTSD - start 25mg

45
Q

POP prescription example?

A

Cerazette
75 micrograms
PO
OD

46
Q

COCP prescription example?

A

Microgynon
150/30 micrograms
PO
OD

?not sure if this is correct

47
Q

Prescription of VTE before a knee replacement tomorrow?

A

Dalteparin sodium 2500 units SC once only

48
Q

Prescription for UTI in 3rd trimester?

A

1st line: Cefalexin OR amoxicillin

If IV needed then cefuroxime.

49
Q

GORD in an infant?

A

Alginic acid/Gaviscon infant powder

2 sachets PO PRN

NB: beware of weight

50
Q

How many times should patient on basal bolus measure their BMs daily?

A

At least 5 times

51
Q

Immediate and long term management of bipolar?

A

Lithium carbonate 300mg PO OD

52
Q

What must be written alongside metformin prescription?

A

Whether it is immediate or modified release

53
Q

Gestational diabetes definitions?

A

Defined as:
Fasting >5.6
2hr >7.8

If >7mmol fasting or 6-7 but macrosomia at presentation then start metformin, otherwise try lifestyle 1-2 weeks.

54
Q

Oral thrush tx?

A

Miconazole topical

Under Oropharyngeal fungal infections in BNF

55
Q

Pre-eclampsia antiypertensives?

A
  1. Labetalol
  2. Nifedipine
  3. Methyldopa

- Y6 PSA (8 decks)

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