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- Y6 PSA > Random 4 - own notes > Flashcards

Random 4 - own notes Flashcards

1
Q

When should you consider polyuric phase of retention?

A

UO >200ml/hr so consider giving extra fluids to compensate
10-15% loss for sweating

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2
Q

Meropenem in penicillin allergy?

A

10% cross reactivity

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3
Q

What is needed when you have started olanzapine?

A

ECG within 1st week for prolonged QTc

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4
Q

Sick day rules for glucocorticoids?

A

Double

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5
Q

HAP antibiotic?

A

Doxycycline
Co-trimoxazole
Piperacillin/tazobactam

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6
Q

Monitoring aminophylline response?

A

Oxygen levels

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7
Q

Antihypertensive causing facial flushing on starting?

A

Amlodipine

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8
Q

Antiemetic in HF?

A

Metoclopramide

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9
Q

NSAID vs ACEi effect on renal arteriole?

A

acEis vasoconstrict Efferent
nsAids vasoconstrict Afferent

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10
Q

Gliclazide effect on weight?

A

weight gain
Sulfonylurea

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11
Q

Hyperkalaemia drugs and doses?

A

10ml 10% calcium gluconate over2-3mins
50ml of 50% glucose with 10units of actrapid over 20mins
Salbutamol nebs 10-20mg
Zirconium/resonium TDS

Consider:
Diuretics
Sodium bicarb
IV fluids if pre-renal AKI

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12
Q

Excess alcohol in T1DM?

A

Can cause life threatening hypoglycaemia

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13
Q

Phenytoin monitoring when given IV?

A

ECG

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14
Q

BB less likely to cause bronchospasm?

A

Carvedilol (cardioselective)

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15
Q

Sertraline or COCP?
- weight gain, irritability, headaches

A

COCP

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16
Q

Tinea corporis in 7yr old?

A

Clotrimazole 1% - 1 application to the skin TDS

NB: cannot use terbinafine topical as the patient is <12yrs old

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17
Q

Diabetes on insulin monitoring in sickness?

A

BMs every 1-2hrs even throughout the night
Ketones every 3-4hrs
Meals may be replaced with sugary drinks

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18
Q

What are the classes of hyperkalaemia?

A

mild (5.5–5.9 mmol/L),
moderate (6.0–6.4 mmol/L),
severe (>6.5 mmol/L).

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19
Q

Cellulitis with penicillin allergy?

A

Clarithromycin or
Doxycycline

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20
Q

Agitation tx?

A

Lorazepam
Haloperidol
Levopromazine

PO before IM

NOT diazepam, chlordiazepoxide

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21
Q

Alcohol withdrawal with poor liver function?

A

Diazepam

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22
Q

PID tx?

A

metronidazole
doxycycline
IM ceftraxone

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23
Q

Drowsy vs non-drowsy antihistamines?

A

Drowsy = chlorphenamine (Piriton) and promethazine

Non-drowsy = cetirizine, fexofenadine and loratadine

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24
Q

POAG management?

A

Latanoprost (PG analogue)
Timolol (BB)

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25
Q

Latanoprost eye drops SE?

A

Iris pigmentation

26
Q

Prostatitis abx?

A

Ciprofloxacin

27
Q

Oral treatment for thrush?

A

Fluconazole 150mg PO once only

28
Q

Lithium frequency of levels monitoring when stable?

A

3 monthly

+ 6 monthly TFTs and U&Es

29
Q

Serotonin syndrome triad of symptoms?

A

Neuromuscular
Autonomic
Psychiatric/mental state

30
Q

Topical prescription for thrush?

A

10% clotrimazole cream 5g vaginal once at night

31
Q

Fluid prescription in paediatrics?

A

100 ml/kg/day for the first 10 kg body weight,

+ 50 ml/kg/day for 10 to 20 kg and

+20 ml/kg/day for each additional kilogram above 20 kg.

32
Q

Fluids in paeds shock?

A

20ml/kg (DKA use 10ml/kg) over 30mins

33
Q

Depression - first treatment not tolerated so what is next?

A

Another SSRI i.e. same class
If 2nd not tolerated then try other classes

34
Q

HRT transdermal patches post-hysterectomy?

A
35
Q

Otitis media prescribing?

A

Delayed prescription of antibiotics after 3 days
Usually amoxicillin
If symptoms worsen then co-amoxiclav

36
Q

RR in severe asthma?

A

> 25 in adults
40 in 2-5yr old
30 in >5yr old

37
Q

Example of macrolides?

A

Azithromycin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin

38
Q

PMR prednisolone dose?

A

15mg PO OD

39
Q

Codeine in breastfeeding?

A

Will enter breastmilk and cause side effects in infant

40
Q

Ways of monitoring asthma control in a 7yr old?

A

Spirometry
Or twice daily peak flows

41
Q

What are the side effects of first line Alzheimer’s drugs?

A

They are AchEs so cholinergic side effects: SLUDGE
salivation,
lacrimation,
urination,
diarrhoea,
GI cramps,
emesis.

42
Q

Menorrhagia drugs?

A

IUS
NSAID - mefenamic acid/naproxen
TXA
POP/COCP

43
Q

Shingles presenting at <24hrs?

A

Within 72hrs you can give ACYCLOVIR to prevent post-herpetic neuralgia

44
Q

Triptan + lithium risk?

A

Serotonin syndrome

45
Q

Reasons to stop HRT?

A

-?PE/?MI - chest pain or breathlessness
-swelling/pain in calf
-severe stomach pain
-serious neurological effects
-hepatitis, jaundice, hepatomegaly
-systolic >160 or diastolic >95
-prolonged immobility
-detection of risk factor which contra-indicates treatment

46
Q

Epiglottitis tx?

A

Cefotaxime/ceftraxone
If pen allergic: chloramphenicol

47
Q

Dysmenorrhoea tx?

A
  1. NSAID
  2. Paracetamol
  3. COCP +/- NSAID

Conservative: TENS, heated bottle

Refer to gynae in 3-6 months if no change.

48
Q

MMR vaccine side effects?

A

Rash 1 week post-dose
Febrile seizures 6-11 days post-dose
Parotid swelling at 3 weeks
ITP (rare) at 6 weeks

49
Q

Hyperemesis tx?

A

1st line:
Cyclizine or promethazine (antihistamines)
Prochlorperazine or chlorpromazine (phenothiazines)

2nd line:
Ondansetron (cleft lip)
Metoclopramide or domperidone (EPSEs; <5days)

IV hydration with normal saline + K

50
Q

Eczema tx?

A

Emollient e.g. Double base
Hydrocortisone 1% - 1 application OD

Help Every Budding Dermatologist =
Hydrocortisone 1%,
Eumovate (clobetasone butyrate 0.05%)
Betnovate (betamethasone valerate 0.025%)
Dermovate (clobetasol proprionate 0.05%)

51
Q

When to offer VTE prophylaxis in pregnancy if history of previous VTE?

A

From beginning of pregnancy and throughout until 6 weeks post-partum

If intermediate risk then offer from 28 weeks until post-partum

52
Q

Treatment of threadworm?

A

Mebendazole once only with intensive hygiene measures for 2 weeks

53
Q

How many days of LMWH when starting warfarin ?

A

5 days or until INR is >2 on 2 separate occasions

Overcomes the long half life of pro-thrombin

54
Q

2 abx classes that cross react with penicillin allergy?

A

Cephalosporins
Carbapenems

55
Q

Migraleve components?

A

PARACETAMOL, buclizine and codeine

56
Q

What is the fastest onset laxative?

A

Senna

57
Q

Which of these medications are constipating?
Antacids
Anticholinergics
Muscle relaxants
Antidepressants
Iron

A

All

58
Q

Which opioid may have unreliable metabolism?

A

codeine

59
Q

How to prescribe pabrinex?

A

Pabrinex I + II
2 PAIRS
IV
TDS

60
Q

What do the Pabrinex ampoules contain?

A

Ampoule 1 = thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), pyridoxine (B6)

Ampoule 2 = ascorbic acid (C), nicotinamide (B3), glucose 1g

- Y6 PSA (8 decks)

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