Random Flashcards
What are the FORMED ELEMENTS OF BLOOD?
RED BLOOD CELLS (ERYTHROCYTES)
PLATELETS (THROMBOCYTES)
WHITE BLOOD CELLS (LEUKOCYTES)
There are 2 types of WHITE BLOOD CELLS (LEUKOCYTES)
Granular leukocytes
1- Basophil 2- Neutrophil 3- Eosinophil
Nongranular leukocytes
1- Lymphocyte 2- Monocyte
How do we determined the blood type?
according to the ANTIGEN found on the surface of the erythrocytes and the ANTIBODY found in the plasma.
Where are the Antigen found?
Antigens are found on the erythrocyte surface.
Where are Antibodies found?
Antibodies are found in serum / plasma
What is Rh factor
is an antigenic substance determined hereditarily and found
on the surface of erythrocytes.
What is CROOSMATCH
The recipient’s serum is compared with the donor’s erythrocyte.
The donor’s serum is compared with the recipient’s erythrocyte.
What do you need know about blood type
A antibodies are present in people with blood group B;
People with blood group 0 have antibodies to both A and B antigens.
People with group AB blood do not have antibodies to either A or B antigens.
A TRANSFUSION OF BLOOD AND BLOOD COMPONENTS IS NOT A
FLUID INFUSION, IT IS A TISSUE/ORGAN TRANSPLANT.
A TRANSFUSION OF BLOOD AND BLOOD COMPONENTS IS NOT A
FLUID INFUSION, IT IS A TISSUE/ORGAN TRANSPLANT.
How much is One unit of whole blood
is 500 mL; a unit of packed red blood cells (RBCs) is
200 to 250 mL.
What are Important Points for Administering Blood
Do not store the blood in the refrigerator on the nursing unit; lack of temperature
control may damage the blood.
Once blood or a blood product is removed from the blood bank refrigerator, it
must be administered within a limited amount of time (30 minutes).
What are some Important Points for Administering Blood?
The blood should be administered slowly for the first 15 minutes.
• Because the blood transfusion reactions usually occur within the first
15 minutes.
• In the first 15 minutes, you should not administer blood to the patient
any more than 25 ml.
• Ideally, the blood transfusion should be completed in 2 hours.
• The maximum time for administering blood is 4 hours.
Bacterial growth
Hemolysis of erythrocyte
Aprroximately 40-50 drops per minute.
Important Points for Administering Blood: Exam
• First 15 minutes, assess patients’ vital signs every 5 minutes.
• After 15 minutes, assess vital signs every 15 minutes.
Can be changed for hospital
policy.
What are Important Points for Administering Blood
• Except 0.9% sodium chloride, no drug or medication should
be added to blood or blood components.
• %5 Dextroz solution is not given at the same time as blood
transfusion. Dextrose causes hemolysis of blood !!!
• Ringer Lactate solution is not given at the same time as
blood transfusion. RL causes clot formation in the blood.
