Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Haemotology > Random > Flashcards

Random Flashcards

1
Q

> 60 w Iron def. anaemia pathway

A

2 week wait colonoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Causes of IDA

A

Blood loss
Diet
Malabsorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How to treat IDA

A

Ferrous sulphate tablets for 4 weeks at least, continue until normal MCV +RBC
Continue for further 3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When give iral monofer and ferijet in IDA

A

True intolerance to oral iron
Malabsorption eg IBD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do you look for in severe hypoperfusion?

A

Deranged LFTs -> ischaemia of liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What bloods do in haemorrhaging

A

Group and save, crossmathc coag panel, FBC, U+Es

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Haemorrhaging management

A

Bloods
ECGs
Transfusion O nrgative RBC - 4 initially
Fresh frozen plasma - 1:1 with bloob
ECG,CXR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Causes if thrombocytopenia

A

AI
Infection - EBV/CMV
Pregnancy
Drugs -> bone marrow failure
ITP
TTP
Chemo
Aplastic anaemia
Deranged clotting + clinically unwell = DIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Rule for platelet transfusions

A

<10 = transfuse
ITP - dont trasnfuse, steroids instead

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Prolonged PT causes

A

Liver disease
Warfarin
Vit K deficiency
Factor deficiency
#DIC
Antiphoph. antibodies
Haemorrhagic stroke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

INR thin/thick what level

A

4 = v thin blood
<1 = v thick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is TACO

A

transfusion acute circulatory overload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is TRALI

A

TRALI = Transfusion related acute lung injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

TACO vs TRALI

A

TACO -> raised BP
TRALI - hypotnesive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Treatment for TACO/TRALI

A

STOP INFUAION
ocygen
Diuretics, treat HF
ICU

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Acute chest syndrome in sickle cell treatment

A

Bronchodilator nebs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Management for acute chest syndrome in sickle cell

A

A-E
Pain control
ABG
Hydroxyalbumide - incentive spirometry
Transfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Antiphospholipid syndrome

A

Miscarriages, prolonged APTT with clots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What artery would cause speech changes and R sided heiparesis in TIA

A

LAnterior cerebral artery

20
Q

What bloods would be raised in primary proliferative polycythaemia

A

Hb, WCC, platelets

21
Q

Why mihgt someone with polycythaemia have IDA

A

+raised haemotaocrit
Overproducition of RBC exhausts iron stores

22
Q

CML vs primary proliferative polycythaemia

A

CML - normal Hb, v high WCC w neutrophils and myelocytes

23
Q

myelofibrosis and myeloma affect on Hb

A

Anaemia - low

24
Q

What causes primary polycythameia

A

Haemotopoietic stem cell defect
Mutation in JAK2 gene

25
Q

How can PCKD, HCC and COPD cause polycythaemia

A

PCKD ad HCC -> inappropriate EPO production
COPD - tissue hypoxia increases EPO

26
Q

What anaemia can hypothyroidism cause

A

Macrocytic

27
Q

What would an abdominal mass in primary polycythaemia represent

A

Enlarged spleen - US abdomen, exclude renal carcinomas that can also cause EPO

28
Q

Treatment options polycythaemia

A

Weekly vensection til Hct 0.45
Aspirin - antiplatelet
Cyto-reductive therapy - reduce platelets w interferon or hydroxycarbamide

29
Q

What is an elevated Hct ass with

A

Cerbro vascular events and MIs

30
Q

Do you need to test for H pylori before treating with duodenal ulcer

A

no - immediately commence no need for CLO test

31
Q

Non invasice tests for h PYLORI

A

Stool test
Urea breath test

32
Q

What do with gastric ulcer w h.pylori therapy

A

Recommend test first as less are due to HP - confirm status before treat + biopsy helps rule out malignancy (CLO test invasice)

33
Q

Invasive tests H.pylori

A

CLO
Histolgical exam and culture
pH rises above 6.0 with H.pylori due to urea -> ammonia in half na hour

34
Q

Complication of polypectomy casuing rebound tenderness

A

Colonic perforation

35
Q

What should not be used in sickle cell ciris pain managmenet

A

Pethidine - only if severly allergic to opioids

36
Q

What monitor opioid patients for

A

RR, sedation and hypoxia

37
Q

When use transfusion in sickle cell

A

Symptomatic anaemia, falling Hb or low reticulocyte count
20 Hb below steady state

38
Q

When give IV fluids in sickle cell crisis

A

When cn no longer tolerate oral 2-3L per day

39
Q

Complications of sickle cell

A

CVA, seizures, hearing loss
Avascular necrosis of hip
Renal papillary necrosis - haematuria, rneal tubular defects, difficulty concentrating urine
Arthritis
Osteomyeltiis
Chronic leg ulceration
Visual - proliferative retinopathy esp in HbSC disease - retinal screening

40
Q

Is splenic rupture a complication of sickle cell

A

NO -. hyposlpenism

41
Q

B12 deficiency causes

A

Crohns
Veganism
Post fastrecetomy
Pernicious anaemia - AI gastritis B12 intrinsic factor. Ass with other AI disorders

42
Q

AI disorders ass with pernicious anameia

A

s Hashimoto’s hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, Addison’s disease and vitiligo

43
Q

If low in B12 and folate how replace and why

A

B12 first then folate
Risk of Subacute combined degne of spinal cord if folate without B12

44
Q

Polycythaemia signs and symptoms

A

headaches
confusion
dizziness
blurred vision
night sweats
itching (pruritis)
extreme tiredness (fatigue)
unusual bleeding such as nosebleeds, bruising easily or heavy periods
red-looking eyes
red-looking skin (this may be harder to see on darker skin tones)
a swollen spleen, causing a feeling of fullness or pain after eating small amounts
gout, causing pain in your joints.
Splenomegaly

45
Q

What type of disease is PV

A

myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs).

46
Q

Risk in polycythaemia

A

Increased blood viscosity - increased incidence of VTE eg stroke, MI, DVT/PE

47
Q

Secondary causes of Polycythaemia vera

A

hronic lung disease or congenital heart disease, or inappropriate erythropoietin production e.g. from hepatocellular carcinoma.

Haemotology (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions