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In PV=nRT, what does R stand for?
R = 0.082
What does Dalton state?
All elements of an atom will be different than the others
Thompson discovered
Electrons
Millikan discovered
The mass of electrons
Rutherford discovered that the
Nucleus has most of the mass
How do alkali metals react with water?
Violently
Ionic compounds are made of
Metals + Nonmetals
Molecular compounds are made of
Two nonmetals
What are the two types of acids?
- Binary
- Oxoacids (polyatomic ions with O)
Strong acids have a
- Large Ka
- Low pKa
As the Ka increases, what happens to the pKa?
It decreases
Which base is the stable one?
The weaker base
Is a base with a positive charge weak or strong?
Weak
Is a base with a negative charge weak or strong?
Strong
What is the trend of basicity?
Increases from down to up, right to left
Greatest s character =
Weaker base
Smallest s character =
Stronger base
The enthalpy is higher for
Stronger bonds
Entropy is spontaneous when
S>0
What is a mnemonic to remember the Gibbs Free Equation?
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What is the Gibbs Free Equation?
∆G = ∆H - T∆S
What is another Gibbs Free Energy?
∆G˚ = -RTlnKeq