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Clinical symposium > radiotherapy for intracranial tumours > Flashcards

radiotherapy for intracranial tumours Flashcards

1
Q

what is a risk factor for CNS tumours

A

radiation

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2
Q

what are the 2 types of gliomas present

A

low grade glioma

high grade glioma

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3
Q

what are the main benign CNS tumours

A

meningioma, pituitary adenoma, schwannomas

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4
Q

what are the main paediatric tumours

A

medullablastoma, germ cell and ependymoma.

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5
Q

what are the pressure symptoms of CNS tumours

A

headache, nausea and vomitting, confusion and conscious level

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6
Q

are brain tumours similar in adults and children

A

much larger in children

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7
Q

what is the clinical presentation of someone with a CNS tumour

A

pressure symptoms
seizures
focal symptoms (weakness and dysphasia)

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8
Q

what cerebrovascular accident can CNS tumours mimic

A

stroke

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9
Q

what investigation must be done is a patient had a headache and a neuro sign

A

scan

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10
Q

what are the treatments of CNS tumours

A 
steroids- reduce selling
Anti- epileptics- prevent seizures
Surgery
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
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11
Q

side effects of steroids

A

weight gain, acne, increased BP, diabetes and decreased muscle strength.

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12
Q

are tumours fast or gradual onset

A

gradual onset.

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13
Q

what is the function of the frontal lobe

A

emotions

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14
Q

are broca’s and wernicke’s found in the in the left or right hemisphere

A

left

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15
Q

define radiotherapy

A

use of X-rays to treat tumours

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16
Q

what is the benefit of protons in X-rays

A

low dose doesn’t go everywhere; cure rat in normal

17
Q

what is the negative of photons in X-rays

A

lower dose radiation goes to the rest of the brain

18
Q

what are the acute side effects of radiotherapy

A

Cerebral oedema causing raised ICP & exacerbation of pre-RT neurological symptoms
hair loss
scalp or ear erythema

19
Q

what are the intermediate side effects of radio therapy

A

somnolence syndrome (severe tiredness and exacerbation of existing neurological symptoms

20
Q

what are the latter side effects of radio therapy

A

Damage to sensitive structures (shield these from the radiation as much as possible) eg; lens (cataracts), pituitary (hypopituitarism, cerebral hemisphere (memory loss)

21
Q

which group is RT not recommended in

A

elderly

22
Q

treatment for out come for gliomas

A

grade 1- many years
grade 2- 5-12 years
grade 3-2-4 years
grade 4- 6-18 months

23
Q

which CNS tumours can be cured by radio/chemotherapy

A

germ cell tumours

medulloblastomas

Clinical symposium (20 decks)

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