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Clinical symposium > dementia symposium > Flashcards

dementia symposium Flashcards

1
Q

what are the frontal lobe symptoms of dementia

A

abnormal- behaviour

impaired judgement, abstract reasoning, strategic planning, emotional restraint, loss of appetite and continence.

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2
Q

what are the parietal lobe symptoms of dementia

A

impairment of visuospatial skills, integration and sensory inputs.

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3
Q

what are the medial temporal lobe, hippocampus, amygdala and limbic system symptoms of dementia

A

disorder of memory and hallucinations

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4
Q

what are the temporal neocortex symptoms of dementia

A

recepetive dysphasia (speech)

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5
Q

what are the occipital lobe symptoms of dementia

A

Disorder of vision.

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6
Q

what conditions of dementia can be treated

A 
depression
Hypothyroidism
B12 deficiency
Neurosyphilis
Normal pressure hydrocephalus- CSF shunting is used to treat it, tested via lumbar puncture and see if it gets better.
subdural haematoma
encephalitis.
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7
Q

what drugs are used to treat dementia.

A

anticholinergic, sedatives, narcotics, H2 blockers.

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8
Q

what is the most common type of dementia

A

alzheimers dementia

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9
Q

what are the symptoms in Lewy body dementia

A

Psychiatric problems followed by motor problems.
Parkinson’s- motor and sensory deficit originate in the brainstem and migrate to the cortex.
Can have rare genetic causes- 1 single gene mutation results in parkinsosn and 2 results in lewy body- they are closely related

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10
Q

define parkinsons and which subtype of dementia is it associated with

A

motor and sensory deficit originate in the brainstem and migrate to the cortex.
Lewy body

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11
Q

Does Huntington’s disease cause dementia

A

Yes

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12
Q

define vascular dementia

A

subcoritcal- only affects a small region of the brain near the blood vessels which have been affected.

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13
Q

Is there any treatment for vascular dementia

A

No

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14
Q

what are the 4 classifications of dementia (based on site)

A

anterior-behaviour change
Posterior- cognitive function, memory and language, mo changes in behaviour.
subcortical-forgetful and slow poor ability to use knowledge associated with other neurological signs and movement disorders.
cortical- high cortical abnormalities- dysphasia, agnosia and apraxia.

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15
Q

which type of dementia is associated with hunting tons and normal pressure hydrocephalus?
anterior vs posterior

A

anterior

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16
Q

What are the signs of frontotemporal alzheimer’s

A

Behaviour
Non-fluent progressive aphasia
Semantic dementia (ideas and concepts)
Dementia with lewy body

17
Q

Is Parkinson’s motor or sensory loss

A

both (mainly motor)

18
Q

what are the 3 signs of Parkinson’s plus syndrome

A

– Progressive supranuclear palsy
– Multiple system atrophy
– Corticobasal degeneration

19
Q

How are neurodegenrative disease currently classified

A

Tauopathies
Ubinquinopathies
Synucleopathies

20
Q

what dementias a are included in Tauopathies

A

FTD and FTDP-17.
PSP
Corticobasal degeneration
Alzheimer’s

21
Q

what type of dementias a are included in ubiquinopathies

A

MND and MND demenita

semanctic dementia

22
Q

what type of dementias are associated with synuceloinopathies

A

Parkinson’s disease
Dementia with lewy bodies
MSA- multiple systems atrophy

23
Q

what is the grid of symptoms found in normal pressure hydrocephalus

A

dementia, gait disturbance and urinary incontinence

24
Q

what is a common presentation of normal pressure hydrocephalus

A

seizures

25
Q

Is the MMSE score normal in normal pressure hydrocephalus

A

Yes

26
Q

what pattern is seen on a EEG in

transmissible spongiform encephalopathies

A

triphasic waves on repeat

27
Q

give an example of an autoimmune encephalitis

A

encephalitis due to voltage gated potassium channel antibody (VKGC ab LE

28
Q

what are the symptoms of voltage gated potassium channel antibody (VKGC ab LE

A 
subacute memory loss
psychiatric problems
behvaiour disturbacne
seizures
hyponatremia
29
Q

what are prion disease dementia aka

A

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy

30
Q

pathogenesis of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy

A

Mental and physical abilities deteriorate and myriad tiny holes appear in the cortex causing it to appear like a sponge

Clinical symposium (20 decks)

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