dementia symposium Flashcards
what are the frontal lobe symptoms of dementia
abnormal- behaviour
impaired judgement, abstract reasoning, strategic planning, emotional restraint, loss of appetite and continence.
what are the parietal lobe symptoms of dementia
impairment of visuospatial skills, integration and sensory inputs.
what are the medial temporal lobe, hippocampus, amygdala and limbic system symptoms of dementia
disorder of memory and hallucinations
what are the temporal neocortex symptoms of dementia
recepetive dysphasia (speech)
what are the occipital lobe symptoms of dementia
Disorder of vision.
what conditions of dementia can be treated
depression Hypothyroidism B12 deficiency Neurosyphilis Normal pressure hydrocephalus- CSF shunting is used to treat it, tested via lumbar puncture and see if it gets better. subdural haematoma encephalitis.
what drugs are used to treat dementia.
anticholinergic, sedatives, narcotics, H2 blockers.
what is the most common type of dementia
alzheimers dementia
what are the symptoms in Lewy body dementia
Psychiatric problems followed by motor problems.
Parkinson’s- motor and sensory deficit originate in the brainstem and migrate to the cortex.
Can have rare genetic causes- 1 single gene mutation results in parkinsosn and 2 results in lewy body- they are closely related
define parkinsons and which subtype of dementia is it associated with
motor and sensory deficit originate in the brainstem and migrate to the cortex.
Lewy body
Does Huntington’s disease cause dementia
Yes
define vascular dementia
subcoritcal- only affects a small region of the brain near the blood vessels which have been affected.
Is there any treatment for vascular dementia
No
what are the 4 classifications of dementia (based on site)
anterior-behaviour change
Posterior- cognitive function, memory and language, mo changes in behaviour.
subcortical-forgetful and slow poor ability to use knowledge associated with other neurological signs and movement disorders.
cortical- high cortical abnormalities- dysphasia, agnosia and apraxia.
which type of dementia is associated with hunting tons and normal pressure hydrocephalus?
anterior vs posterior
anterior
What are the signs of frontotemporal alzheimer’s
Behaviour
Non-fluent progressive aphasia
Semantic dementia (ideas and concepts)
Dementia with lewy body
Is Parkinson’s motor or sensory loss
both (mainly motor)
what are the 3 signs of Parkinson’s plus syndrome
– Progressive supranuclear palsy
– Multiple system atrophy
– Corticobasal degeneration
How are neurodegenrative disease currently classified
Tauopathies
Ubinquinopathies
Synucleopathies
what dementias a are included in Tauopathies
FTD and FTDP-17.
PSP
Corticobasal degeneration
Alzheimer’s
what type of dementias a are included in ubiquinopathies
MND and MND demenita
semanctic dementia
what type of dementias are associated with synuceloinopathies
Parkinson’s disease
Dementia with lewy bodies
MSA- multiple systems atrophy
what is the grid of symptoms found in normal pressure hydrocephalus
dementia, gait disturbance and urinary incontinence
what is a common presentation of normal pressure hydrocephalus
seizures
Is the MMSE score normal in normal pressure hydrocephalus
Yes
what pattern is seen on a EEG in
transmissible spongiform encephalopathies
triphasic waves on repeat
give an example of an autoimmune encephalitis
encephalitis due to voltage gated potassium channel antibody (VKGC ab LE
what are the symptoms of voltage gated potassium channel antibody (VKGC ab LE
subacute memory loss psychiatric problems behvaiour disturbacne seizures hyponatremia
what are prion disease dementia aka
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
pathogenesis of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy
Mental and physical abilities deteriorate and myriad tiny holes appear in the cortex causing it to appear like a sponge
