Radiology of the Thorax Flashcards
five densities of xray?
air fat soft tissue/water calcification metal
opacity
?
consolidation
filling alveoli with junk
interstitium
connective tissue throughout the lung
atelectasis
volume loss within alveoli
-collapse
three divisions of interstitium
bronchovascular
parenchymal
subpleural
major pathologic patterns of interstitium
reticular
nodular
septal
secondary pulmonary lobule
important for recognizing what you see on CT
silhouette sign
??
CXR frontal anatomy
trachea
right paratracheal stripe
carina
left mainstem bronchi
right paratracheal stripe
thin along side of trachea
where adenopathy will occur
carina
splitting of trachea to mainstem bronchi
endotracheal tube placement
when kid inhales a peanut?
goes into the right bronchi
CXR lateral anatomy
trachea
right upper lobe bronchus
carina
left mainstem bronchus
great for localizing disease
left mainstem bronchus
gives you a circle laterally
because it is obliquely oriented
3 moguls of mediastinum (left)
aortic arch
main pulmonary artery
left ventricle
AP window
CXR frontal anatomy
right mediastinum
superior vena cava
hilum
right atrium
azygous arch
creates tear drop over right main stem bronchus
mediastinal lines/stripes
CXR frontal anatomy
junctional lines - where lungs meet with eachother medially
azygoesophageal recess - azygous drops down mediastinum along esophagous
azygoesophageal recess significance?
it its not straight, can indicate hiatal hernia
mediastinum windows?
CXR lateral anatomy
-black
retrosternal
retrotracheal
retrocardiac
vessels of mediastinum
CXR lateral anatomy
aorta
left pulmonary artery - above left mainstem bronchus
IVC
heart in mediastinum?
CXR lateral anatomy
right ventricle
left atrium
left atrium
like a backpack on the heart
valve position on CXR
frontal - aortic above mitral
lateral - line from left mainstem bronchus to cardiac recess
- above its aortic
- below or on line mitral
CXR frontal anatomy bones?
spine- cervical, thoracic, lumbar vertebrae ribs - anterior, posterior (and lateral) clavicles scapula humerus
looking at ribs?
looking for adequate depth of respiration by counting ribs
CXR lateral anatomy bones?
spine - cervical, thoracic, lumar ribs sternum scapula*** humerus
closer to the xray beam
casts larger shadow
-therefore, lateral view gives ribs of different sizes
ideal frontal CXR?
chest up against film to get heart
ideal laterl CXR?
left up against film to get heart
frontal CXR anatomy lungs?
?
lobar anatomy?
lateral allows localization of mass
