Radiology Examples Flashcards
45 y/o with headache.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
- “Star sign”
39 y/o F with right- sided weakness and left 6th nerve palsy.
Brainstem glioma
65 y/o alcoholic with confusion. The smaller, inset image is a normal MRI for comparison.
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
13 y/o with ataxia.
Von-Hippel-Lindau syndrome with cerebellar hemangioblastomas
57 y/o with seizures.
Meningioma
65 y/o M with rigidity.
Olivopontocerebellar atrophy
- Associated with multiple system atrophy (MSA)
45 y/o M with bitemporal hemianopsia.
Meningioma arising from dorsum sella
Angiograms after subarachnoid hemorrhage in different patients.
Vasospasm
39 y/o M found down.
Intraventricular bleed due to AVM
46 y/o M with weakness diffusely.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- Hyperintensity of corticospinal tract
-
Cotricospinal tract
- Primary motor cortex → posterior limb of internal capsule → cerebral peduncle → pons → lower medulla (pyramids) → decussates! → spinal cord → anterior horn (synapse) → exits ventral horn
36 y/o healthy M with cognitive slowing, personality changes, HIV neg.
Gliomatosis cerebri
- 5% of glioma cases are multicentric
48 y/o M admitted for ETOH withdrawal, became encephalopathic and parkinsonized in hospital.
Central pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis
36 y/o healthy F with left-sided weakness and numbness.
Primary CNS lymphoma
89 y/o F with alexia w/o agraphia and aphasia.
Remote PCA and MCA stroke
An otherwise healthy 23-year-old man presented with confusion and trouble speaking for 3 days. There was no prior trauma.
Herpes encephalitis
- HSV has predilection for frontal and temporal lobes
9 y/o M with seizures- 3 MRIs in one week.
Admission: ganglioglioma
Day 2: Intracranial electrodes
Day 5: Temporal lobectomy
8 y/o boy with mental retardation and seizures. He had operation.
Sturge-Weber syndrome
- “Tram-track” calcifications
- Underwent hemispherectomy
59 y/o with sudden onset cortical blindness.
Bilateral PCA stroke
68 y/o F with left sided visual hallucinations.
Hemorrhagic conversion of PCA ischemic stroke
Immuno- compromised patient with seizure.
Aspergillosis
35 y/o F with acute R-sided weakness.
Thrombosis of inferior sagittal sinus
20 y/o F with psychosis.
Limbic encephalitis
- Limbic system
- It controls the basic emotions (fear, pleasure, anger) and drives (hunger, sex, dominance, care of offspring)
25 y/o F with headaches.
Pseudotumor cerebri
- “Slit-like” ventricles
- Empty sella turcica
65 y/o M with dementia.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)
- “Double hocky stick” sign
Headache and visual disturbance.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES)
- Due to acute HTN
65 y/o F s/p procedure.
Deep brain stimulation for PD
- Stimulation of subthalamic nucleus
44 y/o M with seizure.
Oligodendroglioma
- Calcifications
65 y/o F with headaches and ataxia.
Metastatic disease
Intractable Seizures.
Corpus callosotomy
65 y/o F with M with cranial nerve deficits and dysphagia.
Meningioma
54 y/o M with HIV, dementia and personality changes.
PML
Child with encephalopathy and seizures.
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)
- 100% lesions enhance
34 y/o F with cirrhosis and tremor.
Wilson’s disease
- “Panda” sign
45 year-old man, found down.
Combined MCA/PCA stroke
12 y/o with headaches.
Developmental venous anomoly (DVA) blocking cerebral aqueduct with significant hydrocephalus
- DVA
- Enlarged venous vessels that drain into a large-caliber vein with a characteristic appearance of caput medusa on angiography
21 y/o with many years of seizures, now headache.
Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) of tuberous sclerosis