Radiology Flashcards
what is the snowman sign
sign of a pituitary macroadenoma
true/false - bitemporal vision loss is reversible
false- it isnt always and depends on time
what imaging modalities are commonly used to image the thyroid
scintigraphy, CT, USS
what is a normal pattern and quantity uptake of thyroid with Tc99 scintigraphy
homogenous uptake with 0.5-3% uptake on scan
uptake of >3% on Tc99 scintigraphy with homogenous uptake is indicative of?
graves disease
uptake of <0.5 with homogenous marked less uptake is indicative of?
hashimotos thyroiditis
what imaging modalities are good for adrenals
CT/MRI
what is the right adrenal posterior to
IVC
what is the left adrenal lateral to
aorta and diaphragmatic crus
10% rule of phaeochromocytoma
10% bilateral 10% extra adrenal 10% FHx 10% not HTN associated 10% in children
what may cause focal bone abnormality
trauma
neoplasia
inflammatory
degenerative
what may cause a diffuse bone abnormality
osteomalacia/rickets
osteoporosis
pagets disease
typical fracture sites in osteoporosis
prox femur
pubic rami or sacrum
thoracolumbar spinal
distal radius
how may rickets appear on x ray
non-ossification of soft osteoid
widened, flat phses/metaphyses
how may osteomalacia appear on x ray
partial fracture
poor cortico-medullary differentiation
how may pagets disese appear on x ray
lytic phase with well defined lucency
sclerotic phase with enlarged bone, increased density and coarse trabeculae
how may lytic bone destruction appear in neoplastic disease
medullary lucency and loss of trabeculae
lost inner cortex
potential pathological fracture
how may sclerotic bone destruction appear in neoplastic disease
loss of trabeculae
spreading zone of density affecting cortex
featureless white bone
expansion beyond normal bone limit, potential for path fracture
what is the most common cause of a sclerotic bone lesion in men?
metastatic prostate cancer
