Radiology

Question 1

radiology absorption

Answer 1

varying amounts of absorption of X-Rays by the tissue determines what the radiograph will look like

Question 2

more absorption, less x-rays get to film means…

Answer 2

…image looks whiter (for instance bone)

Question 3

less absorption, more x-rays get to film means…

Answer 3

…image looks blacker (for instance lungs-air)

Question 4

radiograph

Answer 4

“X-Ray”

• a stream of photons are passed through a portion of the body
• the photons will be absorbed or pass through the various tissues
• photons which pass through expose the radiographic film

Question 5

factors that affect absorption of X-Rays by the tissues

Answer 5

atomic number and thickness of tissue

Question 6

___atomic number absorbs more

Answer 6

higher

Question 7

___tissues absorbes more than ___structures

Answer 7

thicker absorbs more than thinner structures

Question 8

effective atomic number of bone

Answer 8

11-12

Question 9

effective atomic number of soft tissue and muscle

Answer 9

7-8

Question 10

effective atomic number of fat

Answer 10

6-7

Question 11

effective atomic number of gas

Answer 11

1-2

Question 12

radiopaque

Answer 12

white (i.e. metal, bone)

Question 13

radiolucent

Answer 13

black (i.e. air in lungs)

Question 14

basic tissue desnisites (largest to smallest)

Answer 14

bone density>
soft tissue density>
fat density>
gas density

Question 15

why is contrast media used

Answer 15

to improve visualization in certain cases

Question 16

negative contrast

Answer 16

radiolucent–gases (air)

• most common use is to provide contrast in the bladder
• used to outline/define calculi (stones) which are not radiodense

Question 17

positive contrast

Answer 17

radiopaque–barium sulfate or iodine
Barium sulfate= most common use in gastrointestinal tract
Iodine=most commonly used to image kidneys, since the iodine is excreted by this organ

Question 18

radiographs are __dimensional

Answer 18

2 dimensional (flat)

Question 19

__images taken at ___degree angles are necessary to “complete the picture”

Answer 19

2 images, 20 degree angles

Question 20

abnormalities seen on radiographs can include:

Answer 20

changes in size, shape, outline of organs
changes in density
changes in function
changes in position-pushed away from normal location, twisted, rotated, congenitally ectopic (in the wrong place)

Question 21

artifacts

Answer 21

technical faults (metal chain collar on)
changes seen on film which are not real

Question 22

basic radiographs

Answer 22

musculoskeletal radiographs
thoracic (chest) radiographs
abdominal radiographs

Question 23

computed (axial) tomography

Answer 23

series of radiographs which are processed by computer to allow viewing of cross sectional images

Question 24

fluoroscopy

Answer 24

moving x-rays

Question 25

neoplasm

Answer 25

cancer–osteosarcoma