radiology

Question 1

oreo cookie sign seen in

Answer 1

TheOreo cookie signrefers to the appearance of apericardial effusionon lateral radiographs of the chest.A vertical opaque line (pericardial fluid)separating a vertical lucent line directly behind sternum (pericardial fat) anteriorly from a similar lucent vertical lucent line (epicardial fat) posteriorly. It is now more often and better observed on CT

Question 2

water bottle sign / leather bottle appearence / flask shaped heart

Answer 2

Front chest x-ray demonstrates marked enlargement of the cardiac outline. This was due to pericardial effusion and is a good example of thewater bottle sign. Thisrefers to the shape of the cardiac silhouette on erect frontal chest x-rays in patients who have a very largepericardial effusion. The fluid, often measuring a litre or more, causes the pericardium to sag mimicking an old-fashioned water bottle sitting on a bench.Typically the effusion has accumulated over many weeks (e.g. in patients with malignancy) and the pericardium has gradually stretched

Question 3

which view can detect minimum pleural fliud

Answer 3

lateral view 75ml

Question 4

xray finding of chf

Answer 4

cardiomegaly
kerley b lines
Kerley B lines are short horizontal lines near periphery of the lung near the costophrenic angles, and indicate pulmonary congestion secondary to dilation of pulmonary lymphatic vessels

meniscus sign
pulmonary vascular congestion

Question 5

how to differentiate between systolic and diastolic heart failure

Answer 5

echocardiography