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Radiology > Radiology 2 Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Radiology 2 Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the minimal diagnostic series for pelvis?

A

AP

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2
Q

What is the minimal diagnostic series for hip?

A

AP and frogleg

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3
Q

What is the minimal diagnostic series for knee?

A

AP and lateral

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4
Q

What is the minimal diagnostic series for ankle?

A

AP, lateral and medial oblique

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5
Q

What is the minimal diagnostic series for foot?

A

AP (dorsiplantar), lateral, medial oblique

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6
Q

What is the normal hip joint space ratio of superior, axial and medial margins?

A

1:1:2

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7
Q

What is the normal/average hip joint space superiorly?

A

4mm

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8
Q

What is the normal/average hip joint space axially?

A

4mm

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9
Q

What is the normal/average hip joint space medially?

A

8mm

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10
Q

On what projection would the pubic symphysis width be measured?

A

AP pelvis

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11
Q

What is the normal width of the pubic symphysis for males?

A

4.8-7.2mm

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12
Q

What is the normal width of the pubic symphysis for females?

A

3.8-6mm

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13
Q

Where do you measure pubic symphysis width?

A

between joint surfaces at halfway point

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14
Q

On what projection(s) would you measure the teardrop distance?

A

AP pelvis or hip

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15
Q

What is another name for the teardrop distance?

A

medial joint space

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16
Q

From where to where is the teardrop distance measured?

A

most medial femoral head to outer cortex of teardrop

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17
Q

What is the normal tear drop distance?

A

6-11mn

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18
Q

What is Waldenstrom’s sign?

A

When the R vs L tear drop distance is 2mm or more different or the unilateral tear drop distance is greater that 11mm. This indicates joint effusion.

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19
Q

To measure acetabular depth, how would you draw the line?

A

From the superior pubic joint margin to the ipsilateral upper, outer acetabulum. Then draw a line perpendicular to this to measure the greatest distance to acetabular floor

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20
Q

What projection(s) would you measure acetabular depth on?

A

AP pelvis and hip

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21
Q

What is the normal acetabular depth in males?

A

7-18mm

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22
Q

What is the normal acetabular depth in females?

A

9-18mm

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23
Q

What would an acetabular depth less than 9mm indicate?

A

dysplasia

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24
Q

What projection would you measure the presacral space on?

A

lateral sacrum

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25
Q

From where to where is the presacral space measured?

A

anterior sacrum to posterior rectum (indicated by where gas density first appears)

26
Q

What is the normal value of the presacral space for those under 15?

A

1-5mm

27
Q

What is the normal value of the presacral space for those over 15?

A

2-20mm

28
Q

What would a prasacral space greater than 15 mm indicate?

A

abnormal soft tissue

29
Q

What is another name for the measurement of protrusion acetebuli?

A

Kohler’s line

30
Q

What projection would you get the measurement of protrusion acetebuli from?

A

AP pelvis or hip

31
Q

What indicates a normal measurement of protrusion acetebuli?

A

When the acetabular floor does not cross the tangential line from margin of pelvic inlet to outer border of obturator foramen?

32
Q

What is the line that follows the inferior margin of the superior pubic ramus and is smoothly continuous with medial femoral neck?

A

Shenton’s line

33
Q

What if Shenton’s line is interrupted or not smooth?

A

indicates pathology such as hip dislocation, femoral neck fracture, etc.

34
Q

On what projection would you draw Shenton’s line?

A

AP pelvis or hip

35
Q

What is the line that follows the lateral margin of the ilium, femoral head and femoral neck?

A

iliofemoral line

36
Q

What would indicate an normal and abnormal iliofemoral line?

A

a smooth curvilinear line would be normal

offset line or asymmetry may indicate congenital hip dysplasia

37
Q

What projection would you measure femoral neck angle on?

A

AP pelvis or hip

38
Q

How would you draw the lines to measure femoral neck angle?

A

one line through the axis of the femoral neck and one line through the axis of the femoral shaft

39
Q

What is the normal angle at the intersection of the lines drawn to measure femoral neck angle?

A

120-130 degrees

40
Q

What is a femoral neck angle less than 120 degrees called?

A

coxa vara

41
Q

What is a femoral neck angle greater than 130 degrees called?

A

coxa valga

42
Q

How would you draw Skinner’s line?

A

draw one line parallel to and along the mid shaft of the femur
draw a second line (Skinner’s line) perpendicular to this line and tangential to the tip of the greater trochanter

43
Q

What should a normal Skinner’s line do?

A

pass through or below the fovea centralis on the femoral head

44
Q

What projection would you draw Skinner’s line on?

A

AP pelvis or hip

45
Q

On what projection(s) should you draw Klein’s line?

A

AP and frogleg bilaterally should be done

46
Q

What is the line that is drawn tangential to the outer margin of the femoral neck, parallel to the neck and intersecting a portion of the femoral head?

A

Klein’s line

47
Q

What would indicate abnormality in Klein’s line?

A

if the line fails to intersect the femoral head and/or if there is asymmetry in femoral head overlap of this line from right to left

48
Q

What projection would you measure patellar position in?

A

lateral knee

49
Q

What is a normal finding when looking at patellar position?

A

patellar length and patellar tendon length are equal with normal variation up to 20%

50
Q

What is it called when the patellar tendon length is greater than 20% longer than patellar length?

A

patella alta

51
Q

What is it called when the patellar tendon length is less than 20% longer than patellar length?

A

patella baja

52
Q

Where is patellar tendon length measured from?

A

from the apex of the patella to tuberosity of the tibia

53
Q

On what projection would you measure Bohler’s Angle?

A

lateral ankle

54
Q

What is the normal range of Bohler’s Angle?

A

28-40 degrees

55
Q

How do you draw the lines to measure Bohler’s angle and where do you measure the angle from?

A

the three highest points of the superior surface of the calcaneus are connected with two tangential lines and the angle that is formed posteriorly is measured.

56
Q

What projection would you measure heel pad on?

A

lateral foot or lateral calcaneus

57
Q

How is the heel pad measured?

A

the shortest distance between the plantar surface of the calcaneus and the external skin contour

58
Q

What is a normal heel pad measurement for males?

A

25mm or less

59
Q

What is a normal heel pad measurement for females?

A

23mm or less

60
Q

How do you adjust the normal heel pad measurement for body weight?

A

add 1mm for every 25 pounds of bodyweight over 150lbs

Radiology (12 decks)

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