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Radiology 2 Quiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the minimal diagnostic series for pelvis?

A

AP

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2
Q

What is the minimal diagnostic series for hip?

A

AP and frogleg

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3
Q

What is the minimal diagnostic series for knee?

A

AP and lateral

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4
Q

What is the minimal diagnostic series for ankle?

A

AP, lateral and medial oblique

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5
Q

What is the minimal diagnostic series for foot?

A

AP (dorsiplantar), lateral, medial oblique

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6
Q

What is the normal hip joint space ratio of superior, axial and medial margins?

A

1:1:2

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7
Q

What is the normal/average hip joint space superiorly?

A

4mm

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8
Q

What is the normal/average hip joint space axially?

A

4mm

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9
Q

What is the normal/average hip joint space medially?

A

8mm

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10
Q

On what projection would the pubic symphysis width be measured?

A

AP pelvis

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11
Q

What is the normal width of the pubic symphysis for males?

A

4.8-7.2mm

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12
Q

What is the normal width of the pubic symphysis for females?

A

3.8-6mm

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13
Q

Where do you measure pubic symphysis width?

A

between joint surfaces at halfway point

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14
Q

On what projection(s) would you measure the teardrop distance?

A

AP pelvis or hip

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15
Q

What is another name for the teardrop distance?

A

medial joint space

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16
Q

From where to where is the teardrop distance measured?

A

most medial femoral head to outer cortex of teardrop

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17
Q

What is the normal tear drop distance?

A

6-11mn

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18
Q

What is Waldenstrom’s sign?

A

When the R vs L tear drop distance is 2mm or more different or the unilateral tear drop distance is greater that 11mm. This indicates joint effusion.

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19
Q

To measure acetabular depth, how would you draw the line?

A

From the superior pubic joint margin to the ipsilateral upper, outer acetabulum. Then draw a line perpendicular to this to measure the greatest distance to acetabular floor

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20
Q

What projection(s) would you measure acetabular depth on?

A

AP pelvis and hip

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21
Q

What is the normal acetabular depth in males?

A

7-18mm

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22
Q

What is the normal acetabular depth in females?

A

9-18mm

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23
Q

What would an acetabular depth less than 9mm indicate?

A

dysplasia

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24
Q

What projection would you measure the presacral space on?

A

lateral sacrum

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25
From where to where is the presacral space measured?
anterior sacrum to posterior rectum (indicated by where gas density first appears)
26
What is the normal value of the presacral space for those under 15?
1-5mm
27
What is the normal value of the presacral space for those over 15?
2-20mm
28
What would a prasacral space greater than 15 mm indicate?
abnormal soft tissue
29
What is another name for the measurement of protrusion acetebuli?
Kohler's line
30
What projection would you get the measurement of protrusion acetebuli from?
AP pelvis or hip
31
What indicates a normal measurement of protrusion acetebuli?
When the acetabular floor does not cross the tangential line from margin of pelvic inlet to outer border of obturator foramen?
32
What is the line that follows the inferior margin of the superior pubic ramus and is smoothly continuous with medial femoral neck?
Shenton's line
33
What if Shenton's line is interrupted or not smooth?
indicates pathology such as hip dislocation, femoral neck fracture, etc.
34
On what projection would you draw Shenton's line?
AP pelvis or hip
35
What is the line that follows the lateral margin of the ilium, femoral head and femoral neck?
iliofemoral line
36
What would indicate an normal and abnormal iliofemoral line?
a smooth curvilinear line would be normal | offset line or asymmetry may indicate congenital hip dysplasia
37
What projection would you measure femoral neck angle on?
AP pelvis or hip
38
How would you draw the lines to measure femoral neck angle?
one line through the axis of the femoral neck and one line through the axis of the femoral shaft
39
What is the normal angle at the intersection of the lines drawn to measure femoral neck angle?
120-130 degrees
40
What is a femoral neck angle less than 120 degrees called?
coxa vara
41
What is a femoral neck angle greater than 130 degrees called?
coxa valga
42
How would you draw Skinner's line?
draw one line parallel to and along the mid shaft of the femur draw a second line (Skinner's line) perpendicular to this line and tangential to the tip of the greater trochanter
43
What should a normal Skinner's line do?
pass through or below the fovea centralis on the femoral head
44
What projection would you draw Skinner's line on?
AP pelvis or hip
45
On what projection(s) should you draw Klein's line?
AP and frogleg bilaterally should be done
46
What is the line that is drawn tangential to the outer margin of the femoral neck, parallel to the neck and intersecting a portion of the femoral head?
Klein's line
47
What would indicate abnormality in Klein's line?
if the line fails to intersect the femoral head and/or if there is asymmetry in femoral head overlap of this line from right to left
48
What projection would you measure patellar position in?
lateral knee
49
What is a normal finding when looking at patellar position?
patellar length and patellar tendon length are equal with normal variation up to 20%
50
What is it called when the patellar tendon length is greater than 20% longer than patellar length?
patella alta
51
What is it called when the patellar tendon length is less than 20% longer than patellar length?
patella baja
52
Where is patellar tendon length measured from?
from the apex of the patella to tuberosity of the tibia
53
On what projection would you measure Bohler's Angle?
lateral ankle
54
What is the normal range of Bohler's Angle?
28-40 degrees
55
How do you draw the lines to measure Bohler's angle and where do you measure the angle from?
the three highest points of the superior surface of the calcaneus are connected with two tangential lines and the angle that is formed posteriorly is measured.
56
What projection would you measure heel pad on?
lateral foot or lateral calcaneus
57
How is the heel pad measured?
the shortest distance between the plantar surface of the calcaneus and the external skin contour
58
What is a normal heel pad measurement for males?
25mm or less
59
What is a normal heel pad measurement for females?
23mm or less
60
How do you adjust the normal heel pad measurement for body weight?
add 1mm for every 25 pounds of bodyweight over 150lbs

Radiology (12 decks)

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