Radiology Flashcards
Imaging Technique: X-rays (Plain Radiograph)
X-rays are used to visualize bone structures. Key features to identify on an X-ray include normal bone alignment, joint spaces, and any signs of fractures or deformities.
Imaging Technique: Computed Tomography (CT)
CT scans provide cross-sectional images of the bones, allowing for detailed views of fractures, bony protuberances, and joint dislocations. Commonly used for complex fractures and detecting subtle abnormalities.
Pathology: Hill-Sach Deformity
A Hill-Sach deformity is a compression fracture of the posterolateral aspect of the humeral head, typically associated with anterior shoulder dislocations.
Pathology: Bankart Lesion
A Bankart lesion refers to a tear of the labrum in the shoulder joint, often resulting from a dislocation. It can be seen in imaging as a disruption in the normal labral contour.
Imaging Sign: Light Bulb Sign
The “light bulb sign” indicates a posterior shoulder dislocation, where the humeral head appears rounded and resembles a light bulb on the X-ray.
Pathology: Exostosis (Osteochondroma)
Exostosis, also known as osteochondroma, is an abnormal bony growth that often occurs at the metaphysis of long bones. It can be identified on imaging by its protruding bone mass.v
Pathology: Galeazzi Fracture
A Galeazzi fracture involves a fracture of the distal radius with dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint. Look for displacement and fracture line in imaging studies.
Imaging Anatomy: Wrist
The wrist is composed of eight carpal bones: Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, and Hamate. Identify these bones and their arrangement on imaging.
Clinical Scenario: FOOSH (Fall On Out-Stretched Hand)
FOOSH injuries commonly result in fractures of the distal radius, such as Colles’ fracture, or carpal bone fractures like the scaphoid. Look for signs of avascular necrosis in the scaphoid.
