Radiographic Technique Flashcards
T/F Clinical exam is done after X-rays are taken
f- before
What are the deciding factors to determine if a kid should get X-rays
Stage of dentition development
-Risk of caries
What are the three primary biologic effects of low level radiation
- Carcinogenesis
- Teratofenesis (malformations)
- Mutagenesis
Carcinogenesis and mutagensis is a response of what tissues
somatic
Mutagenesis may occur as a response of _ tissues
genetic (gonadal)
(Younger/older) tissues are more sensitive to radiation
younger
What is the most sensitive organ to radiation induced tumors (begnin and malignant)
juvenile thyroid
Risk of radiation induced tumors in the thyroid essentially disappears after what age
20
T/F No special considerations apply to dental X-rays for patients undergoing radiation therapy to the head and neck
T
Radiation exposure to _ in pregnant women is associated with what birth complication
thyroid…low birth weight
T/F Common dental X-rays will often deliver measurable absorbed radiation doses to the fetus
f
Our national average exposure to natural background radiation averages…
360 mrem/year
What are the first and second largest source of radiation exposure in america
1= radon and thoron 2= medical procedures
Typical dental x-rays exposes the patient to ~_mrem
1.5
The faster the flim speed the _ the exposure
less
_ is the lowest dental film… the fastest?
D… F
Faster films (increases/decreases) error from patient movement
decreases
Digital imaging reduces ration dose by -%
40-60%
What are the benefits of digital film
- Environmentally friendly
- No more chemicals or disposal fees
- Instant images allow significant time savings
- Increased productivity
- More chairside time
- Increased tx plan acceptance
- Affordable technology
- Rapid return on investment
How should the operator of the X-ray tube position themselves when shooting a film
- Stand behind a barrier
- Stand at least 2 m from the tube head
- Stand at a 45 degree angle from the primary beam as it exits the patient
Max scatter occurs where relative to the position of the primary beam
90-180 degrees from primary beam as it enters the patient
Extraoral films for soft tissue trauma use _ the normal exposure from intraoral films
1/4
Guidelines for prescribing X-rays: Recall patient with transitional dentition and increased risk for caries
6-12 mo
Guidelines for prescribing X-rays: Recall patient Primary dentition at increased caries risk
6-12 mo
Guidelines for prescribing X-rays: Recall patient Adolescent with permenant teeth at increased risk for caries
6-12. mo
Guidelines for prescribing X-rays: Recall, Adult patient dentate at increased risk for caries
6-18 mon
Guidelines for prescribing X-rays: New Patient Adolescent with permanent teeth
Posterior BWs and PAN
FMX is there are clinical signs of decay or extensive dental work done
Guidelines for prescribing X-rays: New Patient Adult dentate
Posterior BWs and PAN
FMX is there are clinical signs of decay or extensive dental work done
Guidelines for prescribing X-rays: New Patient Primary dentition
Individualized
- Open contacts and no disease- no X-rays
- Closed contacts- BWs
- If tehre is clinical disease you may still take BWs even if the contacts are open
Guidelines for prescribing X-rays: New Patient Transitional dentition
Individualized
- BWs
- PAN
Guidelines for prescribing X-rays: New Patient Adult edentulous
Individualized based on clinical signs and symptoms
Guidelines for prescribing X-rays: Recall Patient transitional dentition with no history of caries
12-24 mo.
Guidelines for prescribing X-rays: Recall Patient Adult permanent dentition no history of caries
24-36 mo.
Guidelines for prescribing X-rays: Recall Patient with primary teeth and no history of caries
12-24 mo
Guidelines for prescribing X-rays: Recall Patient adolescent with permenant teeth and no history of caries
18-36 mo.
Guidelines for prescribing X-rays: Recall patients with periodontal disease
For all ages and teeth use your clinical judgement (likely BWs and PAs).
For all other X-rays use your clinical judgement on whether or not to take them!
OK
