Radiation Usage Flashcards
an electromagnetic radiation with high energy capable of ionization
x-ray
non-ionizing radiation that has a varied speed when travelling through matter
soundwave
an electromagnetic radiation with high energy capable of ionization similar to x-ray
gamma ray
difference between x-ray and gamma ray
x-rays are from electrons and are polyenergetic
gamma rays are from the nucleus and are monoenergetic
lowest energy from the spectrum of EMR widely used for signals
radiowave
superior version of radiowave
microwave
why do we need to turn off electronic devices in an airplane
signal interference
general term for cancer and tumor
neoplasm
positron manipulation
used in PET scan to diagnose cancer
where do we use x-rays
it is mostly used in the medical field for diagnostics and therapeutics
why do we use x-rays
it is one of the simplest forms of getting a medical image as it creates a shadow like image to the images
how do we use x-rays
proper education of radiation and machine usage as well as patient oriented care
modalities using x rays
radiography
mammography
CT Scan
Fluoroscopy
Radiation Therapy
usually for bones, joints, masses, soft tissue, air fluid, and foreign object diagnosis
radiography
non-cancer that cat be detected as an inflammation that appears white in the image
masses
it can be skin, muscle, or organs
soft tissue
color of air
black
source of radiography
x-ray tube or x-ray machine
specific radiograph for diagnosing possible neoplasms in a female’s mammary
mammography
focuses on the breasts
mammography
best detail, good quality image compared to radiography and fluoroscopy
mammography
combines traditional x-ray scanning with 3d views
ct scan
obtains real time images (live feed) usually for contrasts and surgical procedures.
fluoroscopy
inverte colors unlike in radiography.
black - bones, white - air
fluorsocopy
the source of radiation (x-ray tube) is within the x-ray table
fluoroscopy
helps in potentially decreasing the size of neoplasms
radiation therapy
advantages for using x-ray
fast
useful treatment
easy diagnosis
most procedures involved with x-ray are usually fast to process medical images (advantage for using x-ray)
fast
for radiation therapy, it is helpful in reducing neoplasms to the patient. (advantage for using x-ray)
useful treatment
can easily detect fractures, dislocations, soft tissue differences, air differences, air disturbances, and foreign objects (advantage for using x-rays)
easy diagnosis
disadvantage x-rays
certain or random effects to cells
most body parts are radiosensitivie
ionizing radiation
varying from the dose received can produce effects such as formation of hydrogen peroxide and cell alterations. (disadvantage x-rays)
certain or random effects to cells
blood, dna, bone marrow, and gonads are some of the few examples that are radiosensitive to radiation. disadvantage x-rays
most body parts are radiosensitive
very specific organs that are radiosensitive
thyroids (within the neck)
spleen (left side of our abdomen)
is is typically harmful to the human tissue. (disadvantage x-rays)
ionizing radiation
why are these non-ionizing radiation used>
non-ionizing radiation can be useful for reduced effects to the human body.
why are ionizing radiation used
some radiation like positron and gamma rays are helpful in evaluating a person’s body fucntion
is non-ionizing radiation safe than x-rays
non ionizing is less harmful but not safe. the common example of this is sunburn. meanwhile, ionizing is equally harmful
sonography
sono - sound
graphy - getting an image
usually for upper body diagnosis and soft tissue, mass, and lith diagnosis
ultrasound (sonography)
lith
stone
common stones being dianosed in humans
gallstones, kidney stones, urinary bladdre stones, and stones from the urethra and ureter
we can also evaluate fractures here even though it is not a good perception or interpretation of bones
ultrasound
usually for head/skull, blood vessel, and soft tissue/muscle diagnosis.
magnetic resonance imaging (mri)
common injury in sports
muscle tears
it looks like a long narrow tube that has both ends open. you lie down on a movable table that slides into the opening of the tube. a technologist monitors you from another room
mri machine
creates a magnetic field around you, and radio waves are directed at your body. the procedure is painless. you don’t feel the magnetic field or radio waves, and there are no moving parts around you
mri machines
for stroke
mri or ct scan
for strokes, if it is an emergency what is recommended
ct scan
used for body function diagnosis. radioactive drugs are injected to the patient
nuclear medicine
some radiation therapy uses certain particulate and gamma radiation by injecting the material to the patient.
radiation therapy
advantages of mri, ultrasound, radiation therapy, ct
more detailed
some are less harmful
digital process
disadvantages of mri, ct, ultrasound, radiation therapy
cost
time
ionizing radiation
better view of acquired images. advantages of last part
more detailed
non-ionizing radiation is less harmful than ionizing radiation. advantages of last part
some are less harmful
can be instantly processed from the computer/ operating console. advantages of last part
digital process
most modalitites mentioned are expensive. disadvantage of last part
cost
most procedures take longer. disadvantage of last part
time
ionizing radiation is harmful to human tissue. disadvanateg last part
ionizing radiation
uses x-rays (5)
radiography
mammography
ct scan
fluoroscopy
radiation therapy
uses gamma rays
nuclear medicine
radiation therapy
