Radiation Protection

Question 1

X-ray and gamma radiation are strongly associated with:

Answer 1

leukemia and cancers of the thyroid, breast, and lung

Question 2

Which of the following radiation waves has the highest energy?

Answer 2

gamma waves

Question 3

In the nitrogenous base pairs that make up DNA, adenine bonds with:

Answer 3

thymine

Question 4

Indirect radiation damage to DNA is mainly caused by low linear energy transfer radiation, such as:
1. neutron particles
2. x-rays
3. gamma rays

Answer 4

2 and 3

Question 5

DNA mutations can cause:
1. cytotoxic effects
2. uncontrolled cell growth
3. cell death

Answer 5

1, 2 and 3

Question 6

Recent studies have shown that interventional cardiology personnel have an increased likelihood of developing:

Answer 6

cataracts

Question 7

The main source of occupational radiation exposure is:

Answer 7

scatter or secondary radiation

Question 8

The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommends a maximum radiation effective dose of ______ mSv per year, averaged over 5 years, with no more than ______ mSv in 1 year.

Answer 8

20; 50

Question 9

In the study by Thornton et al, which of the following were found to maximize protection of the eyes’ lenses?
1. leaded shields
2. leaded table skirts
3. protective eyeglasses and drapes used together

Answer 9

1 and 3

Question 10

Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a function of the thyroid gland?

Answer 10

triggering sexual maturation

Question 11

Only ________ of radiation from a 100 kV beam will penetrate a 0.5 mm thick lead apron.

Answer 11

3 - 7%

Question 12

What is the main advantage of the ZeroGravity Radiation Protection System?

Answer 12

it does not place weight on the operator

Question 13

According to a study by Hayashi et al, the injection portion of a digital subtraction angiography procedure accounted for more than _________% of the total radiation exposure to the operator.

Answer 13

90

Question 14

What is the ideal location for a ring dosimeter?

Answer 14

on the ring or pinky finger on either hand

Question 15

The ICRP recommends that a fetus be exposed to less than _____ mSv during an entire pregnancy.

Answer 15

1.0

Question 16

Three main conditions a fetus may suffer from as a result of radiation exposure are:

Answer 16

cancer, growth retardation, and congenital malformations

Question 17

A fetus is most susceptible to the negative effects of radiation during weeks _________ of gestation.

Answer 17

8 - 15

Question 18

In general, a fetal dose up to ______ mSv has not been shown to affect pregnancy outcomes.

Answer 18

50

Question 19

Which of the following are mentioned in the text as ways a pregnant technologist could reduce radiation exposure to her fetus?
1. wear 2 protective lead aprons
2. postpone learning new techniques until after giving birth
3. stand as far away from the beam as possible

Answer 19

1, 2 and 3

Question 20

T/F: In general, radiologic technologists should avoid being around magnetic resonance imaging equipment during the first trimester of pregnancy, unless it is necessary for a personal diagnosis.

Answer 20

True