Rad Positioning - Chest - Full Deck Flashcards
3 divisions of Chest Anatomy
Mediastinum
Respiratory system
Bony thorax
Acronym: MR. B
5 parts of Bony Thorax
Sternum
Clavicles
Ribs - 12 pairs
Thoracic vertebrae - 12
Scapulae
Acronym: South Carolina Ribs Taste Sweet
Vertebra Prominens location
C7
3 parts of Sternum
Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process
Xiphoid Process
Inferior aspect of sternum
Approximate level of anterior diaphragm
At T9-T10
Jugular notch
Dip between clavicles above the manubrium
At T2/T3
Location of Mid-thorax
T7
4 divisions of Respiratory System
Pharynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
Trachea is anterior or posterior to the esophagus
Anterior
Esophagus is anterior or posterior to the trachea
Posterior
Larynx location
Between C3 and C6
Laryngeal prominence is known as _______
Adam’s apple
Laryngeal prominence is part of what cartilage?
Thyroid cartilage
Epiglottis
Lid covering laryngeal opening during swallowing
Trachea location
Between C6 and T4/T5
Carina location
T5
Right bronchus has ___ branches
3
Left bronchus has ___ branches
2
Right lung has ___ lobes
3
Left lung has ___ lobes
2
Outer layer of Pleura
Parietal
Inner layer of Pleura
Visceral
Mediastinum
Medial portion of thoracic cavity between lungs
Trachea
Thymus gland
Esophagus
Heart & great vessels
Acronym: Tracy Tickles Each Heart
4 structures of Mediastinum
Trachea
Esophagus
Thymus gland
Heart and great vessels
Location of Xiphoid Process
T9 - T10
Anterior diaphragm
Boundary between Oropharynx and Nasopharynx
Uvula
From what part of anatomy is larynx suspended?
Hyoid bone
Thyroid gland
Located anteriorly and inferior to larynx
Divided into right and left lobes
Radiosensitive
Stores metabolism hormones
Right Bronchus
3 branches
Wider, shorter, more vertical than left bronchus
Which bronchus is more likely for obstruction?
Right
Left Bronchus
2 branches
Narrower, longer, more curvy than right bronchus
Carina
Juncture of trachea where it splits into right and left bronchi
Location at T5
Secondary Bronchi
Right main bronchus separates into 3 secondary bronchi
Left main bronchus separates into 2 secondary bronchi
Each secondary bronchi enters a separate lobe of lung
Secondary Bronchi divides into smaller branches called _______
Bronchioles
Terminal Bronchioles
Final, smallest bronchioles
Alveoli
Air sacs at end of terminal bronchioles
Where O2 and CO2 exchange occurs
Thoracic viscera
Lungs and organs of mediastinum
Viscera means ____
Organs
Parenchyma
Lung tissue
Light sponge-like elastic material
Allows for expansion/contraction
Pleura
Doubled wall sac surrounding lungs
Parietal Pleura
Outer layer of pleura
Covers inner surface of chest wall
Visceral Pleura
Inner layer of pleura
Covers surface of lungs
Pleural Cavity
Space inside pleura
Between parietal and visceral pleura
Pleurisy
Inflammation of pleura
Pneumothorax
Air accumulation in pleural space
Creates pressure against lung and possible lung collapse
Hemothorax
Blood accumulation in pleural space
Apex of Lung
Rounded upper area above clavicles
Base of Lung
Concave portion that rests on diaphragm
Diaphragm
Muscle that separates thorax from abdomen
Moves downward - breathe in
Moves upward - breathe out
Why is diaphragm higher on the right than the left?
Presence of liver
Costophrenic Angle
Extreme outer-most corner of each lung
Hilum
Central root area where bronchi, blood & lymph vessels, nerves enter/leave the lung
Thymus Gland
Located behind upper sternum
Anterior to and just above heart
Aids with immune system
Gradually disappears in the adult
Great Vessels of the Heart
Superior vena cava
Inferior vena cava
Aorta
Pulmonary arteries & veins