Rad Bio Worksheets (part 4) Flashcards
Effects produced by reactive free radicals, which are created by the interaction of radiation with a water molecule
Indirect action
The cell dies if inactivation of the master molecule occurs as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation
Target theory
A solitary atom or, most often, a combination of atoms that behaves as an extremely reactive single entity as a result of the presence of an unpaired electron
Free radical
Used to calculate the equivalent dose to determine the ability of a dose of any kind of ionizing radiation to cause biologic damage
Radiation weighting factor (w4
Loss or change of a nitrogenous base in the DNA chain
Mutation
Lesions that result when irradiation occurs early in interphase before DNA synthesis takes place
Chromosome aberrations
Describes the relative capabilities of radiation with differing LET’s to produce a particular biologic reaction
RBE
Chemical unions created between atoms by the single sharing of one or more pairs of electrons
Covalent cross links
Programmed cell death
Apoptosis
The radio sensitivity of cells is directly proportional to their reproductive activity and inversely proportional to their degree of differentiation
Bergonie Tribondeau Law
Ratio of the radiation dose required to cause a particular biologic response of cells or organisms in an oxygen deprived environment to the dose required to cause an identical response under normal oxygenated conditions
OER
Method of displaying the sensitivity of a particular type of cell to radiation
Cell survival curve
Lesions that result when irradiation of individual chromatids occurs later in interphase, after DNA synthesis takes place
Chromatid aberrations
Biologic damage that occurs as a result of ionization of atoms on master, or key, molecules (e.g DNA)
Direct action (hit)
Average energy deposited per unit length of track
LET
The breaking of one or both of the sugar phosphate chains of a DNA molecule,which can be caused by exposure of the molecule to ionizing radiation
Chromosome breakage
Branch of biology concerned with the effects of ionizing radiation on living systems
Radiation biology
Injury on the molecular level resulting from exposure to ionizing radiation
Molecular damage
Female and male reproductive cells
Germ cells
A hydrogen radical and a hydroxyl radical
H* and OH*
Genetic mutation in which the chromosome is not broken but the DNA within is damaged
Point mutation
A hydroperoxyl radical
HO*2
An organic neutral free radical
R*
OH* + OH*= H2O2, a substance that is poisonous to the cell
Hydrogen peroxide
