Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Rad Review > Rad Bio worksheets (part 1) > Flashcards

Rad Bio worksheets (part 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Stores energy in body for long period of time

A

Lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Equilibrium or maintaining normal functions

A

Homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cell growth that occurs prior to cell division

A

Interphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Period following prodromal, state of acute radiation

A

Latent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Phase of mitosis where (2) chromosomes repel each other

A

Anaphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Leukocyte which fights bacteria

A

Granulocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Reproducing cells

A

Germ Cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Phase of cell division where mitotic spindle is completed

A

Metaphase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

White blood cells

A

Leukocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Basic units of heredity

A

Genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cells that lack adequate amounts of oxygen

A

Hypoxic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Small, rod shaped bodies containing genes

A

Chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Protoplasm which exists outside cell nucleus

A

Cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Genetic cell division reducing chromosomes

A

Meiosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Red blood cells

A

Erythrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

First stage of acute radiation sickness

A

Prodrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Functioning as the powerhouse of the cell

A

Mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Agents that increase the frequency of occurrence of mutation

A

Mutagens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Building material of all living cells

A

Protoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

White blood stem cells

A

Myoblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Initiates blood clotting and prevents hemorrhages

A

Thrombocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Male germ cell

A

Spermatogonium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cell division where a parent cell divides to form two daughter cells

A

Mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Female germ cell

A

Oogonium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Type of leukocyte which helps fight infection

A

Neutrophil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Circular or oval discs found in blood

A

Platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Chemical compound from acid and base reaction

A

Electrolytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Immature or precursor cells

A

Stem Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Large, complex macromolecules made up of nucleotidesis

A

Nucleic Acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Phase of mitosis where second new daughter cells are formed

A

Telophase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Implies that the biologic response to ionizing radiation is directly proportional to the dose

A

Linear Nonthreshold dose response curve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Deterministic effects

A

Nonstochastic somatic effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

A collection of symptoms

A

Syndrome

34
Q

Bone marrow syndrome

A

Hematopoietic form of ARS

35
Q

Probabilistic effects

A

Stochastic somatic effects

36
Q

Predicts that a specific number of excess cancers will occur as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation

A

Absolute risk model

37
Q

A 3- year research project that began in 1996 in the Republic of Belarus in the aftermath of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear peer plant

A

ETHOS project

38
Q

Reported in 1995 that nearly 700 cases of thyroid cancer among children and adolescents were linked to the Chernobyl accident

A

World Health Organization

39
Q

Radioactive contrast agent used from 1925 to 1945 that caused liver and spleen cancer in many patients after a latent period of 15 to 20 years

A

Thorotrast

40
Q

Estimates the risk associated with low level radiation

A

Linear quadratic, non threshold dose response curve

41
Q

Gas that decays with half life of 3.8 days by way of alpha particle emission

A

Radon

42
Q

Form of ARS that appears at a threshold dose of approximately 6 Gy (600 rads)

A

Gastrointestinal syndrome

43
Q

Whole body dose of ionizing radiation that can be lethal to 50% of the exposed population within 30 days

A

LD 50/30

44
Q

Predicts that the number of excess cancers will increase as the natural incidence of cancer increases in a population with advancing age

A

Relative risk model

45
Q

A method of dose assessment in which biologic markers or effects of radiation exposure are measured and the dose to the organism is inferred from previously established dose effect relationships

A

Biologic dosimetry

46
Q

Radiation sickness that occurs in human beings after whole body reception of large doses of ionizing radiation (1gy [100 rads] or more) delivered over a short time

A

ARS

47
Q

The radiation dose that causes the number of spontaneous mutations occurring in a given generation to increase to two times original number

A

Doubling dose

48
Q

The production of origin or cancer

A

Carcinogenesis

49
Q

The period after the initial stage of ARS during which no visible effects or symptoms of radiation exposure occur

A

Latent period

50
Q

A solitary atom or, most often, a combination of atoms that behaves as an extremely reactive single entity because it has an unpaired electron

A

Free radical

51
Q

The stage of ARS in which symptoms become visible

A

Manifest illness

52
Q

The first stage of ARS, which occurs within hours after a whole body absorbed dose of 1 Gy (100 rads) or more; it is characterized by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, and leukopenia

A

Prodromal stage

53
Q

Damage to an organism that occurs as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation during the embryonic stage of development

A

Embryologic effects (birth effects/defects)

54
Q

Form of ARS that results when the central nervous system and the cardiovascular system receive ionizing radiation doses of 50 Gy (5000 rads) or more

A

Cerebrovascular syndrome

55
Q

Loss of hair

A

Epilation

56
Q

The intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source

A

Inverse square law

57
Q

Protects against leakage and scatter radiation

A

Secondary protective barrier

58
Q

Annual occupational EfD limit

A

50 mSv (5 rem)

59
Q

Possibility of developing a radiogenic cancer or the induction of a genetic defect as a consequence of radiation exposure

A

Occupational risk

60
Q

Prevents direct, or unscattered, radiation from reaching personnel on the other side

A

Primary protective barrier

61
Q

Monthly allowance EqD to the embryo fetus from occupational exposure of a pregnant technologist

A

.5 mSv (0.05 rem)

62
Q

Beam direction factor

A

Use factor (U)

63
Q

Annual EqD limit to localized areas of the skin and hands

A

500 mSv (50 rem)

64
Q

Specified in units of milliampere seconds (mAs) per week or milliampere minutes per week

A

Workload (w)

65
Q

Automatically covers the Bucky slot opening in the side of the X-ray table during a standard fluoroscopic examination when the Bucky tray is positioned at the foot end of the table

A

Bucky slot shielding device

66
Q

Required to protect both the radiographer and the patient from off focus or leakage radiation by restricting the emission of X-rays to the area of the useful beam

A

Diagnostic type protective tube housing

67
Q

Used to modify the shielding requirement for particular barrier by taking into account the fraction of the workweek that the space beyond the barrier is occupied.

A

Occupancy factor (T)

68
Q

Permits the radiologist and assisting radiographer to remain outside the fluoroscopic room at a control console behind a protective barrier until needed

A

Remote control fluoroscopic system

69
Q

Mode of operation in which the exposure rate may significantly exceed the rate used in routine fluoroscopy

A

High level control

70
Q

Should be positioned between the fluoroscopist and the patient to intercept scattered radiation above the tabletop during a fluoroscopic examination

A

Spot film device protective curtain

71
Q

A permanent protective barrier for the radiographer that is located in an x-ray room housing stationary (fixed) radiographic equipment

A

Control booth barrier

72
Q

A radiation worker’s whole body lifetime EfD must be limited to the person’s age in years multiplied by 10 mSv (years x 1 rem)

A

Cum EfD limit

73
Q

All the radiation that arises from interactions of an x-ray beam with the atoms of an object in the path of the beam

A

Scatter radiation

74
Q

Principle the holds that occupational exposure of the radiographer and other occupationally exposed persons should be kept as low as reasonably achievable

A

ALARA concept

75
Q

The EqD to the reproductive organs that if received by every human being, would be expected to cause an identical gross genetic injury to the total population as does the sum of the actual doses received by exposed individual population members

A

GSD

76
Q

The radiation that results from the interaction between primary radiation and the atoms of the irradiated object and the off focus or leakage radiation that penetrates the x-ray tube protective housing; this radiation consists of scattered radiation and leakage radiation

A

Secondary radiation

77
Q

Glasses with optically clear lenses that contain a minimal lead equivalent protection of .35mm

A

Protective eyeglasses

78
Q

X-rays emitted through the x-ray tube window or port

A

Useful (primary) beam

79
Q

Special garments (e.g. aprons, gloves, and thyroid shields) that conventionally are made of lead impregnated vinyl and are worn during fluoroscopic and certain radiographic procedures

A

Protective Apparel

80
Q

A portable device for producing real time (motion) images of a patient; this device holds an x-ray tube at one end and a image intensifier at the other end

A

C- arm fluoroscope

Rad Review (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions