Race, Ethnicity, Inequality Flashcards
What is ethnicity?
Cultural characteristics socially constructed as relevant to define an ethnic group.
What are racial categories based on?
Physical or genetic differences, being phenotypes and genotypes.
What are phenotypes?
Physical representations of genes, things that are visible on the surface.
What are genotypes?
Genetic differences that can only be seen in the DNA itself. It does not make a physical representation.
What is racism?
It means classifying humans in racial categories. The belief that some race groups are superior to others. Refers to both prejudice and discrimination.
What is discrimination characterized by?
Actions, prejudicial treatments, objective behaviors.
What is prejudice characterized by?
Attitudes, beliefs, feelings, stereotypes.
What is institutional racism?
Biases built into the operation of society.
What are some cons of using the word “race”?
Glosses over variety, complexity and ambiguity of races & ethnicities. The concept of race was used to justify racial inequality.
What are the pros of using the word “race”?
Noticing race means we can challenge racism. The consequences of race are real. It is not insignificant, it has deep socio-economic impacts.
What are racialized groups?
They are non dominant ethnoracial communities who through the process of racialization, experience race as a key factor in their identity and experiences of inequality.
What are racialized persons?
In Canada, they are non white, and non-aboriginal Canadians.
What is racialization?
The process of social construction of race.
What are visible minorities?
Persons other than aboriginal peoples, who are non-caucasian in race or non-white in color.
What is the marxist analysis of race and ethnicity?
Race and ethnicity mask social relations between classes. They contribute to maintain class boundaries. Surplus of labour keeps wages low, radicalized groups are most exploited, bourgeois maintain rivalries and competition between groups.
