race and immigration Flashcards
what happened post WW1 ( 1918 - 1920 )
- black immigration had grown
- 1/3 of Britain’s manpower was black or Asian colonial troops.
- 1 million indian’s fighting for Europe, moved to the UK
- this fulled racism towards them as there was a perception that they were taking British jobs.
what were the “alien workers” ?
foriegn workers in the UK, which provoked numerous violent protests across the country including Cardiff where 3 people were killed and there was £3000 damages.
what was the “colour bar”
in theory all British citzens had the same rights to work however in reality blacks and Asians were continuously dscriminated against in employment.
who were the national union of sea men?
they wanted the jobs of all non-white seamen to be given to white seamen.
when was the Alien orders act ?
1920 - this meant that a migrant that wanted to work in this country had to register with the police before hand - this could lead to deportation if it wasn’t followed;
what was the special restrictions act?
1925 and required Asian or Black seamen to proved evidence of the citezen ship to immigration authorities before working.
what was different within wages and employment between blacks and whites?
- an Asian chef on average gets paid £5 an hour compared to an white chef who gets paid £20 an hour.
- during the 30’s 80% of the Black/Asian community was unemployed in comparrisson to 30% of the white community. - this was reported by the league of coloured people.
who was the international African service bureau?
IASB - dedicated to fighting imperialism and racism.
education and health innequalities pre WW2?
during the interwar period blacks and africans 50 of them where from high quality educations and universities and werent expected to stay in the UK - harold moody an african was repeatedly refused a job in a hospital.
who and how were the black & carribean community recognised in 1945?
the government for their role in the war effort. -
- 1,200 Carribean went to work in factories and some to armed forces in lanchshire and meryside.
what are some examples of on-going racism
?
- black/Asian men that dated white women were beaten
- blamed for social and economic problems.
- promotions of black or Asian soldiers was rare
- some Caribbean workers were refused work in factories due to cultural differences.
what new opportunities was there for Black and Asian people?
- all ex-service men recieved education
- due to the high death rates, it meant increased labour shortages which mean’t more employment opportunities for immigrants.
what did the mass migration between 1948-1958 cause?
- more opportunity in entertainment
- new music, food, and overall cultural variety.
- labour and conservative government were not pro immigration and put pressure on limitation for who could enter the country.
what was the racist reaction recieved by the government regarding increased immigration? (40’s-50’s)
they felt that black and asian's shouldn't get the same privileges including : - buying houses - getting jobs - claiming benefits and suggest they behave in a - criminal - socially unacceptable manor.
what trend occured between politics and immigration between 1958-1979?
conservative and labour politicians attemted to win votes by reduces and restricting immigration
- minority of people tried to appeal to popular racism
- some tried to support multi-culturalism
what led to the number of restriction on immigration in 1962?
- wide spread public concern about “racial tensions”
- government reports blamming minorities for increased crime rates.
