race and gender Flashcards
what was the impact of industrialisation on women?
men and womens work grew apart and became specialised in business with men working more in specialised industry and women being relegated to house work
what role did some women play in the specialisation of industry.
some women worked in specialised sectors such as needle work and other women worked in department stores.
how did work begin to take on gender meaning and roles?
jobs became segregated between men and women, with childrearing becoming full time responsibility and home care. these then became ideal female characteristics
what were the separate spheres?
the public sphere, which men dominated in the world of work.
and the private sphere or domestic sphere where women would raise children
how did religious revival appeal to women?
as those women trapped in the private sphere had more free time it allowed them to focus more on religion.
what did the religious revival give those women in the private sphere?
a sense of community outside the private and a chance to leave the home and leave the private, but this was only an extension of the domestic
what was the difference between immigrant and black women in the public/private?
this often didn’t apply as they didn’t get a choice between child rearing and employment, as were more likely to be poor, unlike the white middle class.
what is the cult of true womanhood?- welter
based in the view of middle class women that to achieve true womanhood must abide by 4 values.
what were the 4 values in the cult of true womanhood?
- purity
- piety
- submissiveness
- domesticity
what opposition did welter face for the cult of true womanhood?
faced opposition from womens movements who wished to break out of the domestic.
when was the Seneca falls declaration? what was it?
1848, held by Elizabeth cady Stanton and luceria Mott. where they created their own declaration of independence which recognised the rights of women.
what was the temperance movement?
the movement against alcohol consumption that proved successful across protestant communities.
what did the temperance movement claim about alcohol consumption?
that the men who drank destroyed families through neglect and didn’t support them.
what role did women play in temperance movement?
women were leading voices in the movement and soon had large roles in the movement such as anti slavery
who were Angelina and Sarah Grimke?
two anti slavery activists who turned to women’s rights after audiences were hostile to mixed crowds of men and women and the role of women in the movement
what did Angelina and Sarah Grimke argue?
they challenged women’s subordination to men by advocating that both men and women have equal rights and duties.
why did women in the anti slavery movement turn to women’s rights?
they recognised parallels in slavery and their position as women such as their lack of legal rights, exclusion from schooling and jobs, unable to control property and social restrictions.
which leading male figures joined women’s movements?
William Lloyd Garrison and Fredrick Douglass, but they were initially opposed as they thought it split the anti slavery movement
what did Stanton and Mott argue at the Seneca falls convention?
that if women had the right to vote they could realise their potential as moral and spiritual leaders
what did Mary Wollstonecraft say about women’s rights and natural rights?
natural rights were god given and given to all as it is inherent of being human, therefore women’s rights were undeniable if given by god.
what was Catherine Beechers view on education for women?
she supported greater expansion of education to women and for them to become teachers. however it would be teaching women to be good mothers.
what was Catherine Beechers view on voting?
she opposed women’s suffrage believing women should stay away from the evil of politics.
why did women join the womans movement?
some wished to advance their own interests, others wanted the vote. but some joined as result of being discriminated against by male reformers.
what was the opinion of female suffrage?
many people including many women thought it was an extreme move and would not be approved by public opinion.
how did the civil war provide opportunity to women?
women were given greater roles within public works and as nurses. but the best jobs women secured were lost after the war
what did the civil war do for women’s image?
the war gave women a change in their self image. and expectation. they were also spurred on by the abolition of slavery thinking female liberation is next
why was it that women joined the movement in later life?
many women such as Stanton were confined to the domestic as she had 5 children to raise before.
