1776-1865 Flashcards
in 1780s what percentage of population lived in the country side?
95%
what were the two products that defined the economies of the North and South?
the North had wheat production and the South had cotton
what did Jefferson mean in the declaration of independence when writing “all men are created equal”?
left vague, did he mean only men, slaves, native Americans. it most likely only meant white men.
who was the primary author of the constitution?
the constitution had many contributors but the primary one was James Madison. he developed the system of checks and balances
what was one of the primary debates during the constitutional convention?
the issue of slavery as the south had higher slave population and the creation of a union would make slavery an issue for all states
what was the issue of slave representation in constitutional convention?
The electoral system was based on population and it decided how man representatives each state would get, southern states had larger slave population and wanted them to count as people for that reason.
what was 3/5 compromise?
the result was that 3/5 of the slave population would count towards representation in congress, this resulted in each individual slave counting as 3/5 of a person by law.
why was the number 3/5?
has been argued as an economic point that slave labour makes 3/5 the produce of free labour.
what was the agreement on the international slave trade?
the international trade would be allowed for 20 years and then it could be banned, if all states agreed to the constitution, the slave trade was banned in 1808 exactly 20 years after the deal.
when was the constitution signed and ratified?
it was signed in 1787 and ratified in 1788, in use since 1789
who were members of the federalist party?
Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, George Washington
what were the federalist papers?
documents that strongly supported the constitution and constitutionalism.
who were the anti-federalists?
James Monroe, John Hancock, had support of politicians and popular opinion as there was distrust of strong central government.
who was the first president?
George Washington
who succeeded Washington as president? (5 successors after)
John adams
Thomas Jefferson
James Madison
James Monroe
John Quincy Adams
what was George Washington’s leadership style?
there was no clear description of presidential power, but he surrounded himself with advisors and created a cabinet taking time to make decisions. he believed in the prestige of the job over personality.
what precedents did Washington create?
the two term limit, was never in the constitution but he never ran for a third term, not until Franklin Roosevelt who served 4 terms was limit placed.
The use of a cabinet is not in the constitution.
what criticism did Washington receive as president?
the lavish way he presided, he had a coach with his coat of arms and held lavish ceremonies, not unlike that of a monarch. Washington like other founding fathers also held slaves.
what was the war of 1812?
a larger war between Britain and France, Britain would board American ships to prevent trade to France and there was suspicion that British were encouraging native Americans to revolt.
who was the hero in the battle of New Orleans?
Andrew Jackson began is rise after this battle where only 21 Americans died and 2000 British
what were the consequences of Treaty of Ghent 1814?
- federalists lose their support after opposing the war looked unpatriotic.
- the Monroe Doctrine
- No winners but the native Americans lost due to suspicion of support from the British
- increase in demand for self sufficient manufacturing
what was the population growth from 1790 to 1840?
3.9 million in 1790 to 17 million in 1840
what role did immigration play in the increase in population?
in 1820s was around 153,000 immigrant settlers and by 1840s was around 1.7 million, the were mostly Irish and Scottish
