RAC 5 Flashcards
What is the longitudinal separation minima, based on distance, which applies between aircraft climbing and descending on reciprocal tracks?
D10 - positively established the aircraft has passed each other by at least 10NM as determined by:
- the same on-track DME station, or
- and on-track DME station and co-located waypoint, or
- the same waypoint
This standard need not apply when it is confirmed the aircraft have passed each other by:
- both aircraft reported passing same exact reporting point, or
- mutual sighting, no possibility of incorrect identification, or
- another separation standard
What is the longitudinal separation minima, based on distance, which applies between aircraft climbing and descending on reciprocal tracks?
D10 - positively established the aircraft has passed each other by at least 10NM as determined by:
- the same on-track DME station, or
- and on-track DME station and co-located waypoint, or
- the same waypoint
This standard need not apply when it is confirmed the aircraft have passed each other by:
- both aircraft reported passing same exact reporting point, or
- mutual sighting, no possibility of incorrect identification, or
- another separation standard
Is the NZ FIR certified RVSM? If so what are the vertical dimensions?
Yes. F290 to F410 inclusive.
When shall separation be increased?
Whenever circumstances call for extra precautions e.g:
- requested by a pilot or considered necessary by the controller
- a pilot reports severe turbulence or mountain wave activity, or the aircraft is known to be entering an area of severe turbulence or mountain wave activity
- the navigational accuracy of an aircraft may be impaired
- failure of a navaid reduces the capacity for frequent determination of position and speed
- the aircraft is experiencing communications failure
- the aircraft’s performance is abnormal
- the aircraft is being subjected to unlawful interference
How is longitudinal separation based on time established?
By requiring an aircraft to:
- depart at a specified time, or
- lose or gain time to arrive over a location at a specified time, or
- hold over a location until a specified time
What is longitudinal separation based on distance subject to?
- direct pilot/controller VHF communications maintain
- the aircraft are flying directly inbound to or outbound from the same DME station and/or co-located waypoint
- when applying these minima between GNSS equipped aircraft the controller shall specifically request a GNSS derived distance
- the aircraft to which GNSS derived distance applies specifies “G” in item 10 of the flight plan
What is longitudinal separation based on distance subject to?
- direct pilot/controller VHF communications maintain
- the aircraft are flying directly inbound to or outbound from the same DME station and/or co-located waypoint
- when applying these minima between GNSS equipped aircraft the controller shall specifically request a GNSS derived distance
- the aircraft to which GNSS derived distance applies specifies “G” in item 10 of the flight plan
Is the NZ FIR certified RVSM? If so what are the vertical dimensions?
Yes. F290 to F410 inclusive.
When shall separation be increased?
Whenever circumstances call for extra precautions e.g:
- requested by a pilot or considered necessary by the controller
- a pilot reports severe turbulence or mountain wave activity, or the aircraft is known to be entering an area of severe turbulence or mountain wave activity
- the navigational accuracy of an aircraft may be impaired
- failure of a navaid reduces the capacity for frequent determination of position and speed
- the aircraft is experiencing communications failure
- the aircraft’s performance is abnormal
- the aircraft is being subjected to unlawful interference
How is longitudinal separation based on time established?
By requiring an aircraft to:
- depart at a specified time, or
- lose or gain time to arrive over a location at a specified time, or
- hold over a location until a specified time
Name the various longitudinal separation criteria based on time between two aircraft at the same level on the same track.
- OCAT15
- T10 if navaids permit frequent determination of position and speed
- T5 providing the preceding aircraft is maintaining 20kts or more faster than the following:
- between aircraft departed from the same aerodrome
- between en-route aircraft that have reported over the same exact reporting point
- between an en-route and a departing aircraft, if the en-route aircraft reports over an exact reporting point 5 minutes before the time the departing aircraft joins the route
- T3 in the above cases if the preceding aircraft maintains 40kts or more faster than the following
What is longitudinal separation based on distance subject to?
- direct pilot/controller VHF communications maintain
- the aircraft are flying directly inbound to or outbound from the same DME station and/or co-located waypoint
- when applying these minima between GNSS equipped aircraft the controller shall specifically request a GNSS derived distance
- the aircraft to which GNSS derived distance applies specifies “G” in item 10 of the flight plan
What are the general restrictions on the use of D20 and D10 when applying longitudinal separation based on distance using DME?
- D20 valid for any altitude
- D10 valid up to and including F290, provided both aircraft are on the same side of a DME station
- D10 valid up to and including F150 when aircraft are on opposite sides of a DME station
What is the minimum longitudinal separation based on distance between aircraft at the same level on the same track?
D20, or
D10 if the leading aircraft is 20kts or more faster, and
- each aircraft utilizes:
- the same on track DME station, or
- an on-track DME station and co-located waypoint, or
- the same waypoint
- separation is checked by obtaining simultaneous DME/GNSS readings at frequent intervals to ensure the minimum is established and not infringed
What is the minimum longitudinal distance between two aircraft climbing and descending on the same track?
D20 provided:
- each aircraft utilizes:
- the same on-track DME station, or
- an on-track DME station and co-located waypoint, or
- the same waypoint
- separation is checked at frequent intervals by obtaining simultaneous DME/GNSS readings
D10 as above provided:
- the leading aircraft maintains 20kts or more faster than the following aircraft, or
- one aircraft maintains level flight while vertical separation does not exist, or
- the succeeding aircraft is instructed to reach separation level D10 prior to the last DME or GNSS distance report of the preceding aircraft
What should essential traffic information include?
- the words “ESSENTIAL TRAFFIC”
- direction of flight
- type of aircraft
- level information
- position information
When may an area controller apply visual separation beyond the vicinity of the aerodrome?
In class C & D airspace during the hours of daylight provided that:
- a specific request is made by a pilot
- each aircraft is under the control of the same or physically adjacent operating positions
- there is no possibility of incorrect identification
The pilots are required to ensure that:
- both flights remain in VMC, and
- each aircraft is continuously visible to the pilot of the other aircraft and both pilots agree to the application of visual separation, or
- the pilot of the following aircraft reports having the succeeding in sight and can maintain visual separation
What is the horizontal and vertical separation criteria between controlled flights and danger or restricted areas established for aircraft operating IMC & SVFR?
5NM and 1000ft (2000ft above F290)
What is the horizontal and vertical separation criteria between controlled flights and military operational areas?
For aircraft activity: 5NM and 1000ft (2000ft above F290)
For non-aircraft activity: kept clear
What are the vertical and horizontal separation criteria required from an aircraft dumping fuel?
- 10NM horizontally
- 50NM or 15 minutes flying time behind
- 1000ft above (2000ft above F290)
- 3000ft below
