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Y2 Diverse Species > Rabbits > Flashcards

Rabbits Flashcards

1
Q

Rabbits are in which taxonomy order?

A

Lagomorpha

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2
Q

How long is a rabbits gestation length?

A

30-33 days

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3
Q

At what age do rabbits reach sexual maturity?

A

16 weeks

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4
Q

Which vessels are found in a rabbits ears?

A

Marginal ear vein

Central auricular artery

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5
Q

Where are the rabbits blind spots?

A

Tip of nose and directly behind them

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6
Q

In Rabbits what often leads to eye issues?

A

Underlying dental disease

Dacryocystitis - cheek teeth elongation due to dental disease, causing problems with nasolacrimal duct

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7
Q

What is the name of the additional extraocular muscle that rabbits have?

A

Depressor palpebrae

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8
Q

Do rabbits have brachydont or hypsodont teeth?

A

Hypsodont

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9
Q

What is a rabbits dental formula?

A

I 2/1, C 0/0, PM 3/2, M 3/3 = 28

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10
Q

Describe the sequence of events that leads to dental disease in rabbits

A
  1. High CHO, low fibre diet results in reduced tooth wear and elongation of the crown
  2. Leads to occlusion of cheek teeth, which puts pressure on crowns
  3. Mouth is forced open resulting in retrograde pressure forcing apices of teeth back into bone
  4. Chewing becomes different, up and down rather than side to side
  5. Causes enamel spurs
  6. Incisor teeth begin to wear incorrectly causing malocclusion and elongation
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11
Q

Are rabbits obligate nasal breathers?

A

Yes

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12
Q

What is a rabbits resting RR?

A

30-60 bpm

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13
Q

What drives breathing in a rabbit?

A

Diaphragmatic contraction

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14
Q

Describe the lobulation of rabbit lungs

A 
Left = Cranial, middle and caudal lobes
Right = Cranial, middle, caudal and accessory lobes
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15
Q

Why is intubation of a rabbit challenging?

A
  • Long tongue
  • Small glottis
  • Narrow oropharynx
  • Laryngospasm
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16
Q

Where are the 4 venupuncture sites on a rabbit?

A

Jugular vein
Lateral saphenous vein
Cephalic vein
Marginal ear vein

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17
Q

Describe the rabbits digestive system in the mouth to stomach

A
  • Hindgut fermenters
  • Highly efficient food converters
  • Fibre essential for gut health
  • Grinding action of cheek teeth begins digestion
  • Amylase rich saliva
  • Well developed cardiac sphincter so no vomiting
  • pH of 1-2 in the stomach
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18
Q

What enzyme is secreted in the small intestine, what is its role?

A

Motilin

  • stimulates motility (doesn’t affect caecum)
  • Released in response to fat
  • Inhibited by carbohydrate
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19
Q

The terminal ileum ends in which structure?

A

Sacculus rotundus (lymph tissue)

20
Q

The caecum ends in which structure?

A

Vermiform appendix (lymph tissue)

21
Q

What is the name of the terminal portion of the rabbits proximal colon? What is its function?

A

Fusus coli - regulates passage into distal colon, separates hard and soft faeces

22
Q

The hindgut consists of which 3 structures?

A

Caecum, proximal colon and distal colon

23
Q

Describe hindgut fermentation in the rabbit

A
  • In the caecum micro-organisms perform fermentation, producing VFAs (main one = acetate)
  • Caecal contents are expelled as caecotrophs which are eaten from the anus
  • Caecal pellet protected from stomach by mucus covering
  • Digestion of pellet delivers protein to animal
24
Q

Which part of the nervous system controls the rabbits gut motility?

A

Anterior nervous system

25
Q

Which hormones help control gut motility?

A

Motilin and prostaglandin

26
Q

After birth how long is it until rabbits can rebreed?

A

They can do it immediately

27
Q

What type of ovulators are rabbits?

A

Induced ovulators - the act of mating induces ovulation

28
Q

What is the name given to a Male, female and young rabbit?

A

Buck
Doe
Kit

29
Q

How and when are rabbits sexed?

A

At weaning: 5-8 weeks

Male rabbit - no nipples

30
Q

Does a rabbit have an os penis?

A

No - sits within rounded penile sheath

31
Q

At what age in rabbits do the testes descend into the scrotal sacs?

A

10-14 weeks

32
Q

From what age in rabbits can castration be carried out?

A

12 weeks

33
Q

What are the benefits of castrating rabbits?

A
  • reduce aggression and fighting
  • allow housing of males and females
  • prevents unwanted pregnancy
  • makes litter training easier
  • allows safe pair bonding
34
Q

Does a female rabbit have a duplex or bicornuate uterus?

A

Duplex

35
Q

What are the benefits of spaying female rabbits?

A 
Prevent pseudopregnancy 
Reduced aggression
Negates risk of uterine pyometra 
Reduces risk of mammary tumours
Population control
36
Q

What is normal to see on a red blood cell smear in rabbits?

A

Anisocytosis - RBCs that are unequal in size

Polychromasia - the presentation of multicolored red blood cells

37
Q

What is the most common circulating leucocyte in rabbits?

A

Lymphocytes

38
Q

Why might the lifestyle of a domestic rabbit make them prone to fractures and osteoporosis?

A
  • overfeeding
  • low calcium diet
  • reduced exposure to sunlight
  • less exercise
39
Q

What is the vertebral formula of a rabbit?

A

C7, T12, L7, S4, Cd 16

40
Q

How many digits are on a rabbits forelimb and hindlimb?

A 
Forelimb = 5
Hindlimb = 4
41
Q

Describe a rabbits skin

A

Very thin and elastic

42
Q

What are the 3 rabbit hair types?

A
  • long guard hairs
  • short guard hairs
  • undercoat
43
Q

What are the 4 rabbit fur types?

A
  • satin
  • rex
  • wool
  • normal
44
Q

What are the 3 rabbit scent glands?

A

Anal
Inguinal
Submental - under chin

45
Q

How does a rabbit deal with its calcium intake?

A

All calcium is absorbed through the gut, it is then dealt with and excreted by the kidney

46
Q

In rabbits normal urine colour varies from…?

A

pale yellow to dark red - dietary dependent

47
Q

What is the pH of rabbit urine?

A

8-9 alkaline

Y2 Diverse Species (12 decks)

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