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Restorative Art 1 > RA 1 Chap 2 > Flashcards

RA 1 Chap 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The skull functions as the skeleton of the head and composed of 2 sections: cranium (8) and face (14) bones.

A

The head is the skull with the fleshy parts added. The skull is the bony framework of the head.

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2
Q

Purpose of Skull

A

Protect the brain
Support the jaws
Serve as an attachment for muscles
Give form to the head

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3
Q

The geometric form of the skull is an oval from a front, side, or top view, there are variations.

A 
Bones of the Cranium:
Occipital 1
Parietal 2
Temporal 2
Frontal 1
Ethmoid 1
Sphenoid 1
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4
Q 
Male Skull
Size - Relatively large
Frontonasal angle - Sharp angular
Supraorbital ridges - Prominent
Forehead - Slopes backward
Surface cheekbone - Rough concave
Mandible tip (chin) - Squarer
Foramen magnum - Large long
Mastoid processes - Large
A 
Female Skull
Size - Relatively small
Frontonasal angle - Smooth curve
Supraorbital ridges - Poorly developed
Forehead - Nearly vertical
Surface cheekbone - Smooth flat
Mandible tip (chin) - Pointed
Foramen magnum - Small round
Mastoid processes - Small
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5
Q

Surface Bones of the Head (6/8)

A 
Frontal
Occipital
Parietal 2
Temporal 2
Ethmoid - non surface
Sphenoid - non surface
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6
Q

Anterior 1/3 of cranium forming the forehead, part of eye socket. Most of the anterior of the cranial floor.

A

Frontal

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7
Q

Comprised of 2 planes vertical (make up the forehead) and horizontal/crown (make up superior part of the cranium.

A

Frontal

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8
Q

Frontal Bone Eminences RA significance

A 
Frontal Eminences (2)
Supraorbital Margin (2)
Superciliary arches (2)
Glabella (1)
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9
Q

Rounded prominences on either side of the median line and a little inferior to the center of the frontal bone.

A

Frontal Eminences (2)

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10
Q

Warm-color area of the face, appears asymmetry

A

Frontal Eminences (2)

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11
Q

Superior rim of the eye socket (behind eye brows)

A

Supraorbital Margin (2)

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12
Q

Inferior part of the forehead just Superior to the medial ends of the eyebrows.

A

Superciliary arches (2)

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13
Q

Elevation located between the superciliary arches on the Inferior part of the frontal bone immediately above the root of the nose.

A

Glabella (1)

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14
Q

Point at which the two nasal bones touch the frontal bone that is inferior to the glabella.

A

Root

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15
Q

Frontal bone Articulates with

A

Parietal bones at the Coronal Suture

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16
Q

The lowest most posterior part of the back and base of the cranium that acts as a Cradle for the brain.

A

Occipital

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17
Q

Occipital Bone Eminences RA significance

A

Occipital Protuberance

Foramen Magnum

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18
Q

Opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord, spinal arteries, and nerves pass

A

Foramen Magnum

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19
Q

Located between 2 Mastoid Processes and assist in securing the head to the body in a decapitation death

A

Foramen Magnum

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20
Q

the prominence at the center of the external surface of the occipital bone.

A

Occipital protuberance

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21
Q

Occipital bone Articulates with

A

Parietal bone at Lambdiodal Suture

Temporal bone at the Squamosal Suture

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22
Q

Forms superior portion of the sides and back of the cranium and posterior 2/3 of roof of cranium

A

Parietal

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23
Q

Parietal Bone Eminences RA significance

A

Parietal eminence
Vertex
Crown

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24
Q

Marked convex on the outer surfaces of the parietal bones. Widest part of the cranium.

A

Parietal eminence

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25
Q

Highest part of the cranium

A

Vertex

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26
Q

Area at the top/above of the cranium delineated by connecting four points together.

A

Crown

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27
Q

Where the king’s crown would rest on the 2 frontal eminences & 2 parietal eminences

A

Four Points

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28
Q

Parietal bone Articulates with

A

Occipital bone at Lambdiodal Suture
Temporal bone at the Squamosal Suture
Frontal bone at Coronal Suture
Opposite side parietal at Sagittal Suture

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29
Q

Inferior portion of the sides and base of the cranium located inferior to parietal bones and anterior to occipital bone

A

Temporal

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30
Q

Parietal Bone Eminences RA significance

A 
Squama
Zygomatic arch (2)
Mandibular fossa (2)
External auditory meatus (2)
Mastoid process (2)
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31
Q

like fish scale its the thin superior part of the temporal bone

A

Squama

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32
Q

Its immediately lateral (outside) the Squama and house the Temporalis muscle. In elderly emaciate case atrophy and dehydrate cause it to shrink as sunken temples and require tissue builder only after consulting a photograph

A

Temporal Cavity

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33
Q

long thin arched process extending anteriorly from the squama to the zygomatic bone.

A

Zygomatic Arch (2)

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34
Q

Lies above the external auditory meatus and divides the length of the ear in half. Widest part of face

A

Zygomatic Arch (2)

35
Q

Small oval depression or socket on the underside of the temporal bone where Condyle of the Mandible articulates in this depression.

A

Mandibular fossa (2)

36
Q

Lies anterior to the external auditory meatus

A

Mandibular fossa (2)

37
Q

Opening of the ear passage located in front of the mastoid process

A

External Auditory Meatus (2)

38
Q

Rounded projection of the interior portion of temporal bone just media to the lobe of the ear.

A

Mastoid Process (2)

39
Q

attaches to the mastoid process and the widest part of the neck measured by a straight line extending between the midpoint of the bellies of these 2 muscles

A

Sternocleidomastid Muscles

40
Q

2 non-surface bones of the head

A

Ethmoid

Sphenoid

41
Q

horizontal plate that forms the roof of the nasal cavity and closes the anterior part of the base of the cranium.

A

Ethmoid

42
Q

located at the anterior part of the base of the skull and binds the other cranial bones together

A

Sphenoid

43
Q

Temporal bone Articulates with

A

Parietal bone at Squamosa Suture
Occipital bone at Lambdoidal Suture
Greater wing of the Sphenoid bone

44
Q

Surface bones of the Face

A

Nasal (2)
Zygomatic (2)
Maxilla (2)
Mandible

45
Q

Lies directly inferior to the glabella and form the bridge of the nose and dome over the superior portion of the nasal cavity

A

Nasal

46
Q

Nasal Bone Eminences RA significance

A

Nasal Cavity

47
Q

orifice/opening in the face bounded by the margins of the nasal bones and the maxilla.

A

Nasal Cavity

48
Q

made of 2 irregular-shaped spaces separated by a cartilage that makes up small part of the septum.

A

Nasal Cavity

49
Q

Used as a hidden injection point for tissue building the face

A

Nasal Cavity

50
Q

Nasal bone Articulates with

A

Each other forming bridge of nose

Frontal bone forming root of nose

51
Q

Diamond shaped bones that form the cheekbones

A

Zygomatic (2)

52
Q

located on the frontal and lateral planes of the face and form part of the inferior and lateral surfaces of the orbital cavity

A

Zygomatic (2)

53
Q

Zygomatic Bone Eminences RA significance

A

widest part of the anterior plane of the face that measured by a straight line from midpoint of zygomatic bone to midpoint of opposite zygomatic bone. Acts as Area for Rouge Cosmetics

54
Q

Zygomatic bone Articulates with

A

Temporal process of Zygomatic
Zygomatic Arch
(3 primary ossification centers which grow together to form the arch which completely fused it has 3 parts from anterior to posterior 1. Zygomatic bone 2. Temporal Process of Zygomatic 3. Zygomatic Process of Temporal that completes the arch attaching to the Temporal bone)

55
Q

bones of the upper jaw

A

Maxilla (2)

56
Q

form the skeleton base for most of the superior portion of the face, anterior roof of mouth, sides and floor of nasal cavity, and floor of orbits

A

Maxilla (2)

57
Q

Maxilla Bone Eminences RA significance

A 
Frontal Eminences/processes
Alveolar process
Palatine process
Zygomatic process
Dental prognathism (Buck teeth)
58
Q

the ascending part of upper jaw that gradually protrudes as it rises beside the nasal bone to meet the frontal bone

A

frontal processes of maxilla -

59
Q

ridge of thick spongy bone surrounding the alveoli of the teeth

A

Alveolar process

60
Q

forms anterior part of the hard palate of the mouth, nasal cavity, orbital cavity

A

Palatine process

61
Q

where temporal bone joins the zygomatic bone

A

Zygomatic process

62
Q

where 2 maxilla meet and form sharp bony process and creates the inferior border of the nasal skeleton

A

Nasal spine

63
Q

Maxilla bone Articulates with

A

Each other at midline forming the nasal spine (small bony process)

64
Q

horseshoe shaped bone forming the lower jaw. consist of the body and ramus

A

Mandible

65
Q

curve shaped horizontal lowest part of lower jaw that contains alveolar processes for the teeth

A

Body

66
Q

vertical portion of mandible that wide flat and quadrilateral in shape

A

Ramus

67
Q

Mandible Bone Eminences RA significance

A 
Mental eminence
Incisive fossa
Coronoid process
Condyle
Angle of the mandible
Bimandibular Width
68
Q

triangular projection on the inferior of the anterior mandible

A

Mental eminence

69
Q

area between the mental eminence and the inferior incisor teeth

A

Incisive fossa

70
Q

thin flattened process projecting from the anterior portion of the upper border of the ramus.

A

Coronoid process

71
Q

serves as the insertion of the Temporalis muscle of mastication (chewing) from the temporal cavity above which may need injections of tissue builder

A

Coronoid process

72
Q

rounded eminence at the articulating posterior process of the ramus that’s associated with a dislocated jaw.

A

Condyle

73
Q

angle formed by the junction of the posterior edge of the ramus and the inferior surfaces of the body of the mandible.

A

Angle of the mandible

74
Q

Influences the form of the head from a frontal view

A

Angle of the mandible

75
Q

measured by a straight line between the 2 angles of the mandible and is used in photographic analysis for restoration.

A

Bimandibular Width

76
Q

compared to the Bizygomatic width and the Biparietal width and length of the head in order to produce, in wax, the correct geometric head shape

A

Bimandibular Width

77
Q

Mandible bone Articulates with

A

Mandibular fossa of temporal bone

78
Q

3 non-surface bones of face

A

Vomer
Lacrimal
Palatine

79
Q

single bone along midline within the nasal cavity that forms part of the septum of the nose

A

Vomer

80
Q

thin and bent slightly to one side or the other making the nasal chambers of unequal size

A

Vomer

81
Q

2 bones located medial wall of each orbit between ethmoid and maxillary bones that resemble fingernail shape

A

Lacrimal

82
Q

2 bones located back part of nasal cavity behind maxillae.

A

Palatine

83
Q

help form back part of roof of mouth, part of the floor and outer wall of nasal cavity and very small portion of floor of the orbit

A

Palatine

Restorative Art 1 (6 decks)

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