R: Transfer of Power to the Provisional Govt.

Question 1

9 causes of abdication

Answer 1

• The War - impacted everything
• Poor supply chains- economic
• Soldier discontent - social
• Industrial discontent - grievances (all)
• Rural discontent - grievances (all)
• Rise of the Petrograd Soviet - political, social
• Nicholas as Commander in Chief - political
• Duma forms the Provisional Govt. - political
• Influence of Rasputin - political

Question 2

Provisional Govt. - problems to address

Answer 2

Urban: living situation continued to decline, more strikes and radical
Rural: peasants began to revolt against landlords
Nationalities: strengthened calls for independence (Finland, Poland, Central Asia)

Question 3

What is dual power?

Answer 3

Provisional Government had former power, ruling by bureaucracy
Petrograd Soviet influence soldiers (Order Number One), workers, many peasants.

Question 4

Coalition 1

Answer 4

Liberal
* Effectively shared power with Soviet movement
* Continued to support the war effort, resulting in April Crisis (antiwar demonstration)
* Failed offensive in Galicia – “July Days”

Question 5

Second Coalition

Answer 5

Moderate socialist
* Population grew more radical “all power to soviets”
* But also a conservative movement – General Kornilov appointed head of military
* Resulted in clashes

Question 6

3rd Coalition

Answer 6

Alexander Kerensky remained PM, but reputation severely damaged from 2nd Coalition. Lasted only three weeks