Quizzes 7-10 Flashcards
Before entering the metabolic pathways, amino acids first face____.
Removal of their nitrogen-containing amino group
Fatty acid oxidation produces ____.
acetyl CoA
For short, intense exercise, which energy-producing pathway does the body rely on most?
Glucose to pyruvate to lactate
The metabolic breakdown of glucose to pyruvate is known as
glycolysis
The term that describes the sum of all chemical reactions that go on in living cells is _____.
metabolism
A person’s ________ is a good indicator of central obesity.
waist circumference
Of the following, who has the highest metabolic rate?
An adolescent girl
Research shows less susceptibility to health problems when excess body fat is distributed around the ________.
hips and thighs
Though it has limitations, a basic rule of energy balance states that 1 pound of fat is stored for each ________ kcalories eaten in excess.
3500
Which energy-yielding nutrient is the most satiating?
Protein
Ghrelin is secreted by cells in the ________.
stomach (secreted by parietal cells in the gastric fundus)
How do environmental influences affect eating habits?
Foods that are accessible and convenient are eaten most.
Which of the following defines the body’s set point?
Point above which the body tends to lose weight and below which it tends to gain weight
Which of the following removes triglycerides from the blood for storage in fat and muscle cells?
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL)
Which of the following statements accurately describes fat cell development?
An obese person has more and larger fat cells than does a healthy-weight person.
B vitamins have a major role in _______.
energy metabolism
High intakes of folate can mask a deficiency of which nutrient?
Vitamin B12
One difference between water-soluble vitamins and fat-soluble vitamins is that ____.
water-soluble vitamins need to be consumed more frequently than fat-soluble vitamins
The bioavailability of vitamins in food ____.
depends on many factors, such as how the food was prepared
Why is folate supplementation recommended for women one month before conception and during the first trimester of pregnancy?
To prevent neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, which may occur during the early weeks of pregnancy.
