quizzes Flashcards
1
Q
Bella decides to conduct focus groups rather than one-on-one interviews. What type of decision has she made?
A
Methodological
2
Q
Seamus is conducting a statistical analysis of biomechanical data for his undergraduate thesis project. Which social theory best fits with his project?
A
Positivism
3
Q
Which of the following statements about the socio-environmental model of health would the textbook author most likely say is false?
A
It considers how larger economic, social, and political factors affect health.
4
Q
Which of the following research instruments are interpretivists least likely to use in their research?
A
Close-ended survey questions
5
Q
Which of the following social theories is most focused on how people perceive of their experiences?
A
Interpretivism
6
Q
On which of these domains does positivism differentiate from interpretivism?
A
Ontology, epistemology, and methodology
7
Q
Which of the following research questions is a researcher adhering to the conflict model of policy most likely to investigate?
A
Whether COVID death rates are greater in for-profit long-term care homes compared to non-profit long term care homes.
8
Q
Which of the following statements best differentiates health policy from healthcare policy?
A
It encompasses a broader range
9
Q
Stella is designing a post-positivist research project. Which of the following types of data is she most likely to collect:
A
Quantitative and qualitative
10
Q
Betty always votes for politicians who promise to cut taxes and decrease the role of government. Which of the following best describes how she likely sees society?
A
Market model
11
Q
Sally and Charley are discussing whether or not alien lifeforms exist. What type of conversation are they having?
A
Ontological
12
Q
Which of the following social theories posits that a natural reality exists outside of human interpretation, but that we cannot study it objectively?
A
Post-positivism
13
Q
Which of the following statements best describes how responsibility for health care is divided in Canada?
A
The federal government sets regulations and provinces administer their systems.
14
Q
Rollo always votes for politicians who promise to increase government funding for health and social services. Which of the following best describes how he likely sees society?
A
Polis model
15
Q
Which of the following social theories takes people’s understandings of their experiences at face value?
A
Interpretivism
16
Q
What is the best explanation for why the textbook author categorized creating a telehealth line as a meso level policy, and categorized creating a daycare program as a macro level policy?
A
The telehealth line was a new program as part of an existing government function, while the daycare program was a new government function.
17
Q
Which of the following approaches is most similar to the views of pluralism?
A
Consensus theory
18
Q
According to the textbook, which of the following statements best describes a predominant belief about policy change in Canada?
A
Policymakers neutrally mediate the demands of interest groups
19
Q
Which of the following hypothetical acts of the Ontario provincial government would be the best example of the macro level of policy?
A
Abolishing tuition and other costs of post-secondary education paid by students.
20
Q
Which of the following statements about the levels of policy is true?
A
The meso level is concerned with pre-existing government programs, while the macro level is concerned with how ideologies affect the functions of government.
21
Q
Which of the following COVID-related policy goals is a neoliberal government least likely to support?
A
Increasing taxes on the rich to fund enhanced unemployment benefits
22
Q
Which of the following is most likely to occur if the predominant Canadian understanding of public policy was less pluralist?
A
More attention on how ideologies shape policy
23
Q
Which of the following best corresponds to the Politics stream in Kingdon’s Policy Stream Convergence model?
A
A politician votes against a bill because it doesn’t fit her political beliefs
24
Q
A researcher is studying how Ontario’s colleges and universities have responded to student mental health concerns during remote learning. Which theory is this the best example of?
A
New Institutionalism
25
Which of the following best describes a researcher engaged in a political economy analysis?
She hopes to bring about change with her research
26
Select the two words or phrases that best complete this sentence: Critical theory is to ________ as political economy is to ________.
Positivism, pluralism
27
Which of the following is not a criticism of pluralism?
It considers all views as equally valid
28
Which of the following best illustrates commodification?
Ontario begins charging patients $25 for every physician visit
29
What is Bryant's point when she discusses the HPV vaccine policy in Canada in chapter 5?
The power of pharmaceutical companies to affect policy
30
Which of the following is most in favour of privatizing aspects of Canada's health care system?
Canadian Medical Association
31
According to Leichter's Framework, which of the following is the best example of an environmental factor that may affect Canadian public policy?
Surging cases of COVID-19 in the United States
32
Which of the following factors is a policy analysis using both Easton and Leichtner's frameworks most likely to leave out?
Disagreements between advocacy groups
33
Which of the following is a social democratic welfare state least likely to do?
Pay a private company to distribute personal protective equipment to first responders
34
What word best describes the goal of social democratic welfare states?
Equality
35
Which of the following forms of the welfare state is most likely to institute a Universal Basic Income, which ensures that all citizens have enough money to carry out a basic existence?
Social democratic
36
Which of the following is least likely to be identified as an input in a policy analysis of Canadian health care using Easton's model?
The policy option chosen by the government
37
Which of the following statements about Leichter's and Easton's frameworks is most true?
Easton's is a flow chart and Leichter's is a list
38
According to Easton's Framework, which of the following statements about government institutions is most true?
They decide which citizen demands to address before deciding on a process for making or changing policy
39
Which of the following statements about Leichter's Framework is true?
It lacks an explanation for how structures and situations influence policy
40
Which of the following is part of Civil Society?
Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada
41
Which of the following groups was most opposed to Obamacare's individual and employer mandates?
Neoliberal politicians
42
According to Bryant, which of the following are you most likely to see reflected in the Canadian media's coverage of health and health policy?
A focus on wait times for health care services
43
Which of the following is not an example of a primary health care service in the Canadian system?
Performing neurosurgery to remove a cancerous brain tumour
44
What is the current name of the health care funding the federal government provides to provinces and territories?
Canada Health Transfer
45
In which of the following countries does the government spend the most in public funds for health care per person?
United States
46
Which of the following does not describe a key role of physicians in the health care system in Canada?
Managers responsible for hospital operations
47
Which of these statements about the Saskatoon Agreement is true?
It allowed doctors to charge patients fees on top of what the doctors received from the province
48
Which of the following best describes the first Hall Commission report (1965) and the second Hall Commission report (1979)?
The first called for a publicly-funded comprehensive health care system, and the second recommended abolishment of extra billing and hospital user fees
49
Which of the following is not a description of one of the 5 principles of Medicare?
Provinces have to provide public health services to prevent diseases and injuries
50
Canada spends more than ________ in health care costs but achieves poorer health outcomes
Sweden
51
Which of the following best reflects the medicare principle "public administration"?
Accountability for decisions and outcomes of provincial health care systems must rest with provincial governments
52
Which of the following statements about Canada's health care system is true?
It is made up of 13 separate provincial/territorial systems
52
Which of the following examples best demonstrates how the federal government provides funds to provinces and territories for health care in Canada?
Symone's parents send her $1,000 per month as long as she follows their rules when she spends it
52
Which of the following terms is best defined as: "The division of legislative authority between a central or national government and regional governments"?
Federalism
53
Which of the following is not a violation of the Canada Health Act (1984)?
A province refusing to reimburse physicians for services deemed "medically unnecessary"
53
Which of the following assertions about public-private partnerships (P3s) in health care is Mazankowski least likely to agree with?
They violate the Medicare principle of public administration
53
As discussed in the lecture, which of the following assertions about user fees is not made in any of the reform reports?
They will encourage provinces to offer more health promotion and preventative care
54
Which of the following assertions about public-private partnerships (P3s) in health care is Romanow least likely to agree with?
Health care practitioners will decrease their overuse of non-critical tests and treatments
55
Which of the following was not the result of a public-private partnership (P3)?
The Ambassador Bridge in Windsor/Detroit
56
Which of the following best describes capitation?
A way to pay physicians
57
Which of the following best describes the logic of medical savings accounts?
Consumers will have an incentive to limit their consumption of health care services
58
Ideologically speaking, which two reports are the most different?
Mazankowski and Romanow
58
Which of the following best describes what is guaranteed in a health care guarantee?
A maximum wait time
58
Annalise feels that Canadians should be responsible for their own health and finds it frustrating that she has to pay taxes that go towards sustaining universal healthcare when she rarely uses these services. Which report does Annalise most likely support?
Mazankowski
59
Which of the following reforms to Medicare would someone with a polis/collectivist ideology be most likely to support?
Coverage of prescription drugs
60
Which of the following is not a form of user fee?
Capitation
60
Why is Indigenous health policy important?
Indigenous populations experience disproportionate health challenges
61
Which of the following reforms to Medicare would someone with a market-based ideology be most likely to support?
Implementing user fees
62
As discussed in the lecture, which reform suggestion is unique to the Kirby report?
Primary health care reform
62
Which of the following statements about medical savings accounts is false?
They cover 100% of the costs of care
63
What is a key feature of the Indian Act (1876)?
It imposed restrictions on Indigenous cultural practices
63
What is the root cause of all Indigenous health disparities?
Colonialism
64
What was the primary purpose of residential schools?
To assimilate Indigenous children into Euro-Canadian culture
65
How do Indigenous people in Canada access healthcare?
Through both provincial/territorial systems and Indigenous-led programs
66
Which historical policy first introduced the concept of "Indian title" to land?
The Constitution Act of 1867
67
What was one major health impact of treaties on Indigenous populations?
Dispossession of land and disruption of subsistence practices
67
What is a key challenge Indigenous peoples face in accessing healthcare?
Jurisdictional disputes between federal and provincial governments
68
What was a characteristic of Indian Hospitals in Canada?
They were segregated facilities with a history of mistreatment and forced medical experimentation
69
What is an example of systemic racism in the Canadian healthcare system?
Indigenous patients facing stereotyping in triage and being dismissed
70
Who was Jordan River Anderson, and what policy resulted from his case?
A child whose case led to Jordan's Principle, ensuring First Nations children receive necessary services
71
What is an example of an Indigenous-led health initiative?
Language and cultural revitalization programs
72
What is the goal of cultural safety in healthcare?
Ensuring patients feel safe when receiving health services, as defined by them
73
Why is self-determination important for Indigenous health?
It allows communities to create culturally appropriate health programs
73
Which of the following is NOT a contemporary challenge in Indigneous healthcare?
Guaranteed universal access to culturally safe healthcare
74
When it comes to paying providers for health services, which of the following country's health care system is most similar to the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) in the U.S.?
Germany
75
Which of the following statements best describes the U.K.'s health care system?
A national health service system that is run by the government
76
Which of the following best describes Germany's health care system?
A social insurance funding system where individuals and employers contribute to a designated health insurance fund
76
Which of the following changes would make the U.S. Medicare program most similar to Canada's Medicare system?
Changing who is eligible to be covered
77
Which of the following best describes the Medicaid program in the U.S.?
A single-payer system for eligible low-income people where the government is the insurer
78
In which of the following countries would you expect the most hassle accessing basic health care after you lost your job?
United States
79
Which of the following pairs of countries both have multi-payer health care systems?
Germany and the United States
80
Which of the following is most likely to be the reason a Walmart employee in the United States does not have health insurance coverage?
They can't afford it
81
Which of the following statements about health care in the United States is true?
It is made up of several public and private systems
82
How are German physicians paid for outpatient (i.e. not in a hospital) services?
On a fee-for-service basis by sickness funds
82
Which of the following is the definition of a premium?
Monthly payment to an insurance company for insurance coverage
82
Which of the following is the definition of a deductible?
Annual amount of money an insured person has to spend out of pocket before their insurance coverage begins
83
Which of the following is the definition of a co-pay?
Fixed or percentage-based amount of money an insured person has to pay per appointment or procedure
83
Which of the following U.S. programs does not require people to be a certain age to be eligible for it?
Medicaid
84
Which of the following is not a component of the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare)?
A requirement that states expand their Medicaid programs
85
Which of the following world events most influenced Western democracies to become advanced welfare states?
The Great Depression
86
Which of the following is least likely to be a reason Western democracies became advanced welfare states?
To provide for an influx of immigrants and refugees after World War II
87
Which of the following countries best typifies the residual welfare state in the dichotomous welfare state typology?
Australia
88
Which of the following countries best typifies the institutional welfare state in the dichotomous welfare state typology?
Denmark
89
According to Teeple, which of the following lists best describes the components of the advanced welfare state?
Education, employment insurance, employment training, public pensions, social assistance, and health care
89
Which of the following is an example of a means-tested program?
Ontario's social assistance program for people with low incomes
90
Which of the following of Esping-Andersen's welfare state typologies most corresponds to neoliberal political ideology?
Liberal welfare states
91
Based on Esping-Andersen's welfare state typologies, in which of the following countries would you expect to find the smallest socio-economic disparities?
Norway
92
Under which of the following of Esping-Andersen's welfare state typologies are social goods and services least commodified?
Social democratic welfare states
93
According to the statistics presented in the lecture, in which of the following areas does the amount of money countries spend best illustrate their Esping-Andersen's welfare state typologies?
Support for people with disabilities
94
Which of the following is most likely to occur during an economic recession?
Increased unemployment
95
According to Bryant, which of the following countries is most likely to reduce health and social spending in response to global economic pressures?
Canada
96
Which of the following of Esping-Andersen's welfare state typologies places the greatest emphasis on the role of families?
Conservative
97
Which of the following of Esping-Andersen's welfare state typologies is most characterized by a strong, active labour movement?
Social democratic
98
According to the dichotomous welfare state typology, which type best reflects a market orientation?
Residual
99
As discussed in the lecture, which of the following statements best describes health care and pension spending in Canada, the U.S., Germany, France, Denmark, and Sweden, according to their welfare state typology?
Neither spending on health care nor spending on pensions follows the pattern you would expect.
99
According to the dichotomous welfare state typology, which type best reflects a polis orientation?
Institutional
100
In which of the following Esping-Andersen welfare state types is universal rights most prominent?
Social democratic
101
In which of the following Esping-Andersen welfare state types is benefits most restricted?
Liberal
102
Which of the following caused the greatest decrease in the federal government's funding of health care?
Established Programs Financing (1977)
103
Which of the following least describes health care funding in Canada at any point since 1957?
The provincial government decreased provincial taxes, and the federal government increased federal taxes by the same amount
104
Which of the following was not used to calculate annual increases to 1977's Established Programs Financing scheme?
Growth in health care costs
105
Between 1968 and 2011, which of the following caused the greatest one-time decrease in the proportion of health care spending paid for by the federal government?
Established Programs Financing (1977)
106
In which of the following years did provincial governments fund the greatest proportion of the costs of their health care systems?
1998
107
Which of the following eras of health care funding as defined by Bryant least reflects the influence of neoliberal ideology?
1997-2016: Repairing the Social Union
108
Which of the following least describes the outcomes of the Health Accords of 2000, 2003, and 2004
Decreases in general federal funding for provincial health care systems
109
Absent any new agreements between the federal government and Ontario, which of the following is most likely to be the increase in core federal funding for Ontario's health system from 2021 to 2022?
3.5%
110
What percentage of health care costs does the federal government currently pay for?
22%
111
With respect to current federal health care base funding, which of the following statements is most correct?
The current Liberal government under Trudeau has largely provided the same level of funding as the previous Conservative government under Harper
112
According to Bryant, which of the following is least likely to result from the current level of federal health care funding?
Decreased authority for provinces and territories to make decisions about their health care systems
113
Which of the following is not a criticism of the Social Union Framework Agreement (1999) discussed in Bryant?
It committed the federal government to provide unsustainably high levels of funding
114
With which of the following is the Social Union Framework Agreement (1999) most closely related?
The Health Accords (2000, 2003, and 2004)
115
What is the best estimate for the current shortfall in federal funding for health care?
$31 billion
