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PSYC 402: Biological Psychology > Quizz:12,13,14 > Flashcards

Quizz:12,13,14 Flashcards

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1
Q

Lashley found that a deep cut in a rat’s cerebral cortex completely eliminated the effects of learning under what circumstances, if any?

  1. if the cut was made after the learning
  2. if the learned task was simple
  3. if the learned task was complex
  4. under none of the circumstances he studied
A

4 under none of the circumstances he studied

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2
Q

Lashley found that when he removed parts of the brain ____.

  1. only the removal of frontal lobe tissue disrupted performance
  2. only the removal of parietal lobe tissue disrupted performance
  3. the amount of tissue removed was more important than its location
  4. he found no loss of memories at all
A

3.the amount of tissue removed was more important than its location

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3
Q

What is one explanation for why Lashley failed at finding the engram?

  1. He used poor surgical methods.
  2. Some memories do not depend on the cortex.
  3. The engram is continually changing location in the cortex.
  4. Classical conditioning had not been discovered yet.
A
  1. Some memories do not depend on the cortex.
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4
Q

Retrograde amnesia is to ____ as anterograde amnesia is to ____.

  1. temporary loss of memory; permanent loss of memory
  2. loss of short-term memory; loss of long-term memory
  3. inability to form new memories; loss of memory for old events
  4. loss of memory for old events; inability to form new memories
A

4.loss of memory for old events; inability to form new memories

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5
Q

Alzheimer’s leads to the accumulation of ____ in the brain.

  1. glucose
  2. amyloid deposits
  3. arachidonic acid
  4. serotonin
A

2.amyloid deposits

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6
Q

Split-brain patients suffer ____.

  1. little or no impairment of overall intellectual performance
  2. a lack of motor control
  3. sensation deficits
  4. memory deficits
A
  1. little or no impairment of overall intellectual performance
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7
Q

In operant conditioning, punishment is a(n) ____.

  1. stimulus that produces a reflexive response
  2. event that decreases the future probability of a response
  3. event that increases the future probability of a response
  4. event that prevents a response
A

2,event that decreases the future probability of a response

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8
Q

A split-brain patient is someone who has had their ____.

  1. corpus callosum severed
  2. cerebellum severed
  3. frontal lobe separated from the rest of the cortex
  4. cerebral cortex separated from the rest of the brain
A

1.corpus callosum severed

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9
Q

Which task are split-brain patients likely to perform better than other people?

  1. tying their shoes
  2. unfamiliar tasks
  3. completing an intelligence test
  4. using both hands simultaneously to draw separate shapes
A

4 using both hands simultaneously to draw separate shapes

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10
Q

One characteristic of the brains of people with Williams syndrome is ____.

  1. a larger than normal right hemisphere, but smaller than normal left hemisphere
  2. a larger than normal left hemisphere, but smaller than normal right hemisphere
  3. less than normal overall mass in the cerebral cortex
  4. a greatly diminished limbic system
A

3.less than normal overall mass in the cerebral cortex

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11
Q

Someone with Broca’s aphasia has the greatest difficulty ____.

  1. understanding spoken language
  2. understanding written language
  3. remembering the names of objects
  4. speaking
A
  1. speaking
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12
Q

During binocular rivalry, what do people ordinarily perceive?

  1. one eye’s view superimposed on that of the other
  2. a compromise, half way between one eye’s view and that of the other
  3. rapidly oscillating static images
  4. alternation of one eye’s view and then the other’s
A
  1. alternation of one eye’s view and then the other’s
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13
Q

Most depressed people show ____ activity in the ____ prefrontal cortex.

  1. increased; left
  2. decreased; left
  3. decreased; right
  4. increased; right and left
A
  1. decreased; left
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14
Q

Electroconvulsive therapy is sometimes recommended for patients with strong suicidal tendencies because it ____.

  1. produces its benefits faster
  2. does not impair memory
  3. produces permanent, not temporary, relief
  4. is based on a theory, not just trial and error discoveries
A
  1. produces its benefits faster
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15
Q

What can be said about treatment for autism spectrum disorders?

  1. While drugs like risperidone can be used to reduce stereotyped behaviors, they have a risk of dangerous side-effects.
  2. The use of stimulant drugs may increase social behavior and communication.
  3. New treatments, including chelation, appear to have great promise.
  4. Use of the high fat, ketogenic diet used for some children with intractable epilepsy, appears helpful.
A
  1. While drugs like risperidone can be used to reduce stereotyped behaviors, they have a risk of dangerous side-effects.
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16
Q

Pavlov presented a sound followed by meat in his experiments. Gradually the sound came to elicit salivation. The salivation to the meat in this experiment was the ____.

  1. unconditioned stimulus
  2. unconditioned response
  3. conditioned stimulus
  4. conditioned response
A

2.unconditioned response

17
Q

What is one explanation for why Lashley failed at finding the engram?

  1. He used poor surgical methods.
  2. Not all memories are physiologically the same.
  3. The engram is continually changing location in the cortex.
  4. Classical conditioning had not been discovered yet.
A

2.Not all memories are physiologically the same.

18
Q

Pavlov presented a sound followed by meat in his experiments. Gradually the sound came to elicit salivation. The sound in this experiment would be considered the ____.

  1. unconditioned stimulus
  2. unconditioned response
  3. conditioned stimulus
  4. conditioned response
A

3.conditioned stimulus

19
Q

Compared to young adults, aging humans with poor working memory have ____ activity in the prefrontal cortex and aging humans with intact working memory have ____ activity in the prefrontal cortex.

  1. decreased; decreased
  2. increased; increased
  3. increased; decreased
  4. decreased; increased
A

4 decreased; increased

20
Q

Procedural memory is to ____ as declarative memory is to ____.

  1. jogging; walking
  2. reading; writing
  3. carrying on a conversation; listening to the radio
  4. juggling; explaining the sequence of moves in juggling
A

4.juggling; explaining the sequence of moves in juggling

21
Q

Korsakoff’s patients best remember a list of short sentences by ____.

  1. reading and rereading them
  2. testing themselves on each sentence before going on to the next
  3. creating an elaborate story integrating the content of the sentences
  4. relating each sentence to a past personal experience
A
  1. reading and rereading them
22
Q

The memory for the development of motor skills is termed ____.

  1. priming
  2. explicit memory
  3. procedural memory
  4. declarative memory
A
  1. procedural memory
23
Q

Strong stimulation anywhere on the skin of an Aplysia excites axons that attach to receptors and ____.

  1. open potassium channels in the membrane
  2. close potassium channels in the membrane
  3. opens sodium channels in the membrane
  4. close sodium channels in the membrane
A
  1. close potassium channels in the membrane
24
Q

The brain has ____ control of the facial muscles.

  1. ipsilateral
  2. contralateral
  3. bilateral
  4. mixed
A
  1. bilateral
25
Q

If something in a complex scene changes slowly, or changes while you blink your eyes, you probably will not notice it unless you are paying attention to the particular item that changes. This phenomenon is called ____.

  1. inattentional blindness
  2. attentional suppression
  3. masking
  4. the Stroop effect
A

1.inattentional blindness

26
Q

As the body comes to expect the drug under certain circumstances, it reacts strongly when the drug is absent, a reaction known as ____.

  1. tolerance
  2. craving
  3. withdrawal
  4. abstinence
A
  1. withdrawal
27
Q

Which drug is used in the treatment of opiate addiction and has the advantage of producing a long-lasting effect so that the person visits a clinic three times a week instead of daily?

  1. Antabuse
  2. naloxone
  3. LAAM
  4. methodone
A
  1. LAAM
28
Q

What is one of the best treatments for seasonal affective disorder?

  1. bright light
  2. electroconvulsive shock therapy
  3. adrenal hormones
  4. dietary changes
A
  1. bright light
29
Q

Studies of the genetics of autism spectrum disorders indicate that ____.

  1. many cases result from new mutations or microdeletions in any of a number of genes
  2. a small number of genes appear to be involved in autism spectrum disorders
  3. most mutations and deletions implicated in autism spectrum disorders are inherited from mothers
  4. very young maternal age and very young paternal age independently increase the risk of autism spectrum disorders
A
  1. many cases result from new mutations or microdeletions in any of a number of genes

PSYC 402: Biological Psychology (17 decks)

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