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Spring 25: VM 757 - Bovine Herd Medicine > Quizlet Exam 1 > Flashcards

Quizlet Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Gross revenue

A

animals sold x weight x price per unit

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2
Q

Cow/calf gross income

A

Calves sold per breeding female, weight, carcass characteristics

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3
Q

Wean beef calves (age)

A

205 days

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4
Q

Wean beef calves (weight)

A

550 lbs

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5
Q

Wean dairy calves (age)

A

60 days

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6
Q

Cow/calf profit

A

Value of calves - cost of production

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7
Q

Major costs

A

Feed (50-70%) & time

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8
Q

Costs influenced by

A

Timing of calving, efficiency of bull use

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9
Q

Veterinary services

A

Enhance efficiency, control costs, disease protection

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10
Q

Replacement rate of beef cows

A

12-18%

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11
Q

Calf crop

% of calves kept

A

~85% of mature cow herd

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12
Q

Yearly animal sales per 100 cows

A

70 weaned calves, 15 cull cows, 5 cull heifers, 2 cull bulls

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13
Q

Replacement rate of dairy cows

A

0.35

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14
Q

Typical pregnancy rate

A

90-96%

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15
Q

Target pregnancy rate

A

~95%

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16
Q

Typical born alive

A

87-94%

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17
Q

Typical calf deaths preweaning

A

5-8%

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18
Q

Target calving period

A

<60 days

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19
Q

Target calving pattern

A

Early = first 21 days (65%), first 42 days (85-88%)

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20
Q

Target heifer calving

A

40 days before mature cows

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21
Q

Cow/calf data to collect

A

BCS, dystocia info, pregnancy data, feed analysis, weaning weight

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22
Q

1 reason calves die at birth

A

Dystocia

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23
Q

Most influential factor in calf survival

A

Colostrum management

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24
Q

Neonatal beef calves colostrum

A

All colostrum available within 1 hour

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25
Q

Neonatal dairy calves colostrum

A

4 quarts after birth + 2 quarts @ 12 hours

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26
Q

Features of colostrum quality

A

Maternal immunoglobulin transfer key

27
Q

RID assay

A

> 50 g/L (RID Assay)

28
Q

Brix refractometer

A

> 22% (Brix Refractometer)

29
Q

Colostrometer

A

Green zone

30
Q

Heat treat colostrum

A

140°F for 60 minutes

31
Q

Milk dam for colostrum

A

1-2 hours postpartum

32
Q

Evaluate calf IgG status

A

Serum TP on refractometer (2-7 days)

33
Q

Goal TP for assessing calf IgG

A

> 5.2 g/dL in 90%

34
Q

Standard for beef cattle IgG

A

IgG 16-24 g/L; higher standard in beef

35
Q

Poor IgG transfer

36
Q

Fair IgG transfer

A

5.1-5.7 g/dL

37
Q

Good IgG transfer

A

5.8-6.1 g/dL

38
Q

Excellent IgG transfer

A

> 6.2 g/dL

39
Q

Pre-weaned dairy calf nutrition

A

Increase solids, fat, feeding frequency

40
Q

Calf thermoneutral zone

41
Q

Consistent milk feeding temperature

A

103-105°F

42
Q

Consistently measure

A

Milk solids

43
Q

Clostridial abomasitis/enteritis causes

A

Nutritional variations

44
Q

Best necropsy tissue

45
Q

Best fluid for septic calf

46
Q

Antibiotics for septic calf

A

3rd gen cephalosporin IV

47
Q

Fluoroquinolone use

A

Illegal except for respiratory disease

48
Q

Target BCS at calving

49
Q

Best necropsy tissue for calf scours

A

Small intestine tied segment

50
Q

Target gestation loss + perinatal death

51
Q

Target preweaned calf deaths

52
Q

Target BCS at breeding

53
Q

Pregnancy histogram creation

A

<120 days post-breeding

54
Q

Cow postpartum anestrus

A

40-60 days

55
Q

Primiparous postpartum anestrus

A

80-90+ days

56
Q

Conception Percentage

A

60-70% per ovulation

57
Q

Days post-calving to conceive

58
Q

Calving average daily gain

59
Q

Infectious diseases affecting early losses

A

Trichomoniasis, Campylobacter, BVD

60
Q

Poor early breeding performance cause

A

Cow/nutrition issues

61
Q

Fixed-Time AI protocol

A

7-day Co-synch + CIDR protocol

62
Q

Core reproductive vaccines

A

BVD, IBR, Lepto, Vibrio, Brucellosis

63
Q

Vaccines for colostral protection

A

Clostridials, scours agents

Spring 25: VM 757 - Bovine Herd Medicine (3 decks)

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