Quizlet Flashcards
Upper respitory tract consists of…
nose
sinuses
pharynx
larynx
What is the line of demarcation for the upper and lower respitory tract
Larynx
Lower respitory tract consist of…
trachea
bronchi
bronchioles
alveoli
lungs
what is the “gold standard” for diagnosing a PE?
Spiral CT
what do pulmonary function tests tell us?
If there is an obstructive or restrictive problem
30k cases each year
20k cases are men
8k cases die
accounts for about 2-3% of cancer malignancies
Laryngeal cancer incidents
upon entering the room of a total laryngectomy patient who just returned from the OR, the nurse needs to intervene upon finding:
a) a gastronomy tube that is clamped
b) blood-tinged secretions from the trach
c) the patient is in a lateral position with the head of the bed flat
d) 200 mL of serosanguineous drainage in the JP
C
cephalexin (Keflex)
cefazolin (Ancef, Kefzol)
good for skin infections and gram positive
Which generation of cephlosporins?
1st
cefotaxime (claforan)
ceftazidime (fortaz)
ceftriaxone (rocephin)
better used for gram negative
Which generation of cephlosporins
3rd
cefepime (maxipime)
widely used for both gram negative and positive
Which generation of cephlosporins
4th
-thromycin”
erythromycin
clarithromycin (biaxin)
azithromycin (zithromax) z-pack
This type of antibiotic
Macrolides
interferes with DNA metabolism
bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal
SE:
-peripheral neuritis
-liver toxicity
education:
-increase vitamin b6
isoniazid
Combo therapy for TB
bacteriocidal
inhibits RNA synthesis
SE:
-liver toxicity (possible)
education:
-urine and other body fluids will turn orange
-effectiveness of oral contraceptives decreases (need second type of contraceptives)
Rifampin
bacteriocidal
SE:
-hepatitis
-hyperuricemia: elevated uric acid level in blood
-skin rash
-GI upset
monitor:
-uric acid
-AST (SGOT)
-ALT (SGPT)
education:
-drink 2 liters of fluid daily
-take with food
pyrazinamide (PZA)
Used in combo for TB
bacteriostatic
inhibits the synthesis of RNA
used to treat multi-drug resistant organisms
SE:
-optic neuritis (reversible)
-GI irritation
education:
-check vision monthly
-take with food
PZA
Combo therapy for TB