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CCS0001 > Quiz1.2 "Introduction to Computer" > Flashcards

Quiz1.2 "Introduction to Computer" Flashcards

1
Q

______ are everywhere

A

Computers

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2
Q

_______ is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory

A

computer

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3
Q

Information Processing Cycle (3)

A

Collects data (input)

Processing

Produces
information
(output)

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4
Q

can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself

A

personal computer

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5
Q

Two popular architectures are the

A

PC and the Apple

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6
Q

Personal computer you can carry from place to place

A

Mobile Computer

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7
Q

Computing device small enough to hold in your hand

A

Mobile Device

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8
Q

Examples include notebook computers, laptop computers, netbooks, ultra-thins, and Tablet PCs

A

Mobile Computer

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9
Q

xamples include smart phones and PDAs, e- book readers, handheld computers, portable media players, and digital cameras

A

Mobile Device

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10
Q

_______ is a mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiplayer video games

A

game console

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11
Q

a ________ controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network

A

server

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12
Q

Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information

A

server

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13
Q

is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously

A

mainframe

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14
Q

is the fastest, most powerful computer

A

supercomputer

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15
Q

Fastest supercomputers are capable of processing more than ____________ in a single second

A

one quadrillion
instructions

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16
Q

is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product

A

embedded computer

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17
Q
  • Mobile and digital telephones
  • Digital televisions
  • Cameras
  • Video recorders
  • DVD players and recorders
  • Answering machines

are called __________

A

Consumer
Electronics

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18
Q
  • Thermostats
  • Sprinkling systems
  • Security monitoring
    systems
  • Appliances (san nakita)
  • Lights

are called __________

A

Home Automation
Devices

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19
Q
  • Antilock brakes
  • Engine control modules * Airbag controller
  • Cruise control

are called __________

A

Automobiles

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20
Q
  • Remote monitoring systems
  • Power monitors
  • Machine controllers
  • Medical devices

are called __________

A

Process Controllers and
Robotics

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21
Q
  • Keyboards
  • Printers
  • Faxes
  • Copiers

are called __________

A

Computer
Devices and
Office Machines

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22
Q

beads on rods to count and calculate still widely used in Asia!

A

Abacus

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23
Q

based on Napier’s rules for logarithms

Evolution

A

Slide Rule (1630)

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24
Q

________ is a device fitted to a power loom that simplifies the process of manufacturing textiles with such complex patterns as brocade, damask and matelassé.

A

Jacquard Loom (1804)
- Joseph Marie Jacquard

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25
Q

________ was a proposed mechanical general- purpose computer designed by English mathematician and computer pioneer Charles Babbage.

A

Analytical Engine

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26
Q

a design for a simpler mechanical computer.

A

Babbage’s Difference Engine

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27
Q

What was the biggest advancements that led to modern computers?

ETMD

A
  • Electricity
  • Transistor
  • Microchip
  • Data storage
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28
Q

First Generation (1940-1956) of Electronic Computers used ___________

A

Vacuum Tubes

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29
Q

____________ are glass tubes with circuits inside.

A

Vacuum tubes

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30
Q

Vacuum tubes have ____________ of them, which protects the circuitry.

A

no air inside

31
Q

____________ is an electrical computer containing thousands of vacuum tubes that utilizes punch cards and switches for inputting data and punch cards for outputting and storing data. Released in 1951 and 1952 when first developed by

JPECK
JM

A
  • The UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer)
  • J. Presper Eckert and
    John Mauchly.
32
Q

Who Programmed UNIVAC Recipient of Computer Science’s first ________________

A

Grace Hopper

“Man of the Year Award”

33
Q

The first computer “bug” Relay switches part of computers Grace Hopper found _____________ stuck in a relay responsible for a malfunction Called it “debugging” a computer

A

a moth

34
Q

Second Generation (1956-1963) of computers used __________ instead of vacuum tubes.

A

transistors

35
Q

This generation used
transistors instead of vacuum tubes.

A

Second Generation (1956-1963)

36
Q

smaller than vacuum tubes and allowed computers to be smaller in size, faster in speed, and cheaper to build.

A

transistors

37
Q

transistors are developed by

3 people -
J bading
Water burat tyn
will nagulat

where - kampana Lab
when - Simon bday 47

A

John Bardeen,
Walter Brattain
William Shockley

Bell Laboratories

December 23, 1947.

38
Q

This generation introduced the use of IC (integrated circuits) in computers. Using IC’s in computers helped reduce the size of computers even more compared to second- generation computers, as well as make them faster.

A

The third generation (1964-
1971)

39
Q

This generation took advantage of the invention of the microprocessor, more commonly known as a CPU. Microprocessors, along with integrated circuits, helped make it possible for computers to fit easily on a desk and for the introduction of the laptop.

A

The fourth generation (1972-2010)

40
Q

This generation is beginning to use AI (artificial intelligence), an exciting technology that has many potential applications around the world. Leaps have been made in AI technology and computers, but there is still much room for improvement.

A

The fifth generation (2010-present)

41
Q

____________ involves reducing the electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a computer

A

Green computing

42
Q

A computer contains many electric, electronic, and mechanical components known as ____________

A

hardware

43
Q

Allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer

A

Input Device

44
Q

Hardware component that conveys information to one or
more people

A

Output Device

45
Q

Case that contains the electronic components of the computer that are used to process data

A

System Unit

46
Q

Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media

A

Storage Device

47
Q

Enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices

A

Communications Device

48
Q

_________ also called a program, tells the computer what tasks to perform and how to perform them

A

Software

49
Q

___________ is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware

A

Installing

50
Q

A programmer __________ or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information

A

develops software

51
Q

Computer transform data into ____________

A

information

52
Q

__________ is the raw material.

A

Data

53
Q

_________ is processes data.

A

Information

54
Q

________ is the input to be processed

A

Data

55
Q

_________ is the output.

A

information

56
Q

Most computer require people, who are called ____________

A

users (or sometimes end users.)

57
Q

_________ are the steps that you must follow to accomplish a specific computer-related task.

A

Procedures

58
Q

_________ is any set of characters that is gathered and translated for some purpose.

A

data

59
Q

Within a computer’s storage, data is a collection of numbers represented as _____ that are in turn composed of bits (binary digits) that can have the value one or zero.

A

bytes

60
Q

Data is processed by the _______

A

CPU

61
Q

_________ is a term used to describe text that is informative to the individual reading it or the computer processing it.

A

Information

62
Q
  • Raw, unprocessed
  • Meaningless

is called ____

A

Data

63
Q
  • Processed data
  • Meaningful and can be used in many significant ways

is called ____

A

Information

64
Q
  • Personal financial management
  • Web access
  • Communications
  • Entertainment

what type of user

A

Home User

65
Q
  • Connect to other computers on a network or the Internet
  • Transfer information
  • Play video games
  • Listen to music
  • Watch movies

what type of user

A

Mobile User

66
Q
  • Look up information
  • Send and receive e- mail messages
  • Make telephone calls

what type of user

A

Small Office/Home Office User

67
Q
  • Communicate among employees
  • Process high volumes of transactions
  • Blog

what type of user

A

Enterprise User

67
Q
  • Work with multimedia
  • Use industry- specific software

what type of user

A

Power User

68
Q

A _____ computer targets a specific audience and offers high quality audio, video, and graphics with optimal performance for sophisticated single user and network or internet multiplayer games

A

Gaming desktop

69
Q

In a large business, the employees in the ______ department keep the computers and the network running

A

IT

70
Q

many large companies use the term, _____ computing, to refer to the huge network of computers that meets their diverse computing needs

A

Enterprise

71
Q

small business websites sometimes use an _______ to show the world a live view of some aspect of their business

A

Web cam

72
Q

Standard ______ use a handheld controllers as an input device; a television screen as an output device; and hard disk cds dvds and or memory cards for storage

A

game console

73
Q

You interact with a program through its ______________, which controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen.
Group of answer choices

storage

operating system

icon

user interface

A

user interface

CCS0001 (8 decks)

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