quiz- week 10

Question 1

Which of the following mechanisms is most likely to interfere with intestinal integrity?
Question 1 Answer

a.
Increased serotonin production

b.
Increased epithelial mucus secretion

c.
Reduced ZO-1 protein expression

d.
Increased SCFA production

Answer 1

c.
Reduced ZO-1 protein expression

Question 2

Which of the following movements takes place only in the small and large intestines?
Question 2 Answer

a.
Migrating motor complex

b.
Peristalsis

c.
Retropulsion

d.
Segmentation

Answer 2

d.
Segmentation

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT transported by the portal hepatic blood vessels?
Question 3 Answer

a.
Monosaccharides

b.
Cholesterol

c.
Amino acids

d.
Short chain fatty acids

Answer 3

b.
Cholesterol

Question 4

Which of the following hormones generally inhibits motility?
Question 4 Answer

a.
Motilin

b.
Somatostatin

c.
Serotonin

d.
Gastrin

Answer 4

b.
Somatostatin

Question 5

Impaired function of the SGLT1 would result in:
Question 5 Answer

a.
Increased amount of galactose remaining trapped within the enterocyte.

b.
Less fructose being transported into the enterocyte from the GI lumen.

c.
Increased amount of glucose remaining trapped within the enterocyte.

d.
Less galactose being transported into the enterocyte from the GI lumen.

Answer 5

d.
Less galactose being transported into the enterocyte from the GI lumen.

Question 6

Where would you find Brunner glands?
Question 6 Answer

a.
in the lamina propria of the duodenum

b.
in the submucosa of the duodenum

c.
in the submucosa of the ileum

d.
in the lamina propria of the ileum

Answer 6

b.
in the submucosa of the duodenum

Question 7

What are the teniae coli?
Question 7 Answer

a.
they are large lymphoid nodules found in the submucosa of the proximal colon

b.
they form the longitudinal muscular layer of the large intestine

c.
they are large glands in the submucosa of the cecum and transverse colon

d.
they form the circular muscular layer of the large intestine

Answer 7

b.
they form the longitudinal muscular layer of the large intestine

Question 8

Which of the following arteries is NOT a major branch of the celiac trunk?
Question 8 Answer

a.
the splenic artery

b.
the superior mesenteric artery

c.
the common hepatic artery

d.
the left gsatric artery

Answer 8

b.
the superior mesenteric artery

Question 9

Choose the TRUE statement about S cells:
Question 9 Answer

a.
They are found in the stomach

b.
They release secretin

c.
They are stimulated by triglycerides in the lumen

d.
When activated, they will increase gastric emptying

Answer 9

b.
They release secretin

Question 10

Choose the retroperitoneal organ:
Question 10 Answer

a.
the jejunum

b.
the spleen

c.
The stomach

d.
the pancreas

Answer 10

d.
the pancreas

Question 11

Which cranial nerves are involved in the muscular movements of the pharyngeal phase of swallowing?
Question 11 Answer

a.
Vagus and facial

b.
accessory and vagus

c.
glossopharyngeal and vagus

d.
Facial and glossopharyngeal

Answer 11

c.
glossopharyngeal and vagus

Question 12

What type of epithelial lining typically lines the esophageal mucosa?
Question 12 Answer

a.
Simple squamous epithelium

b.
Simple columnar epithelium

c.
Simple glandular epithelium

d.
Stratified squamous epithelium

Answer 12

d.
Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 13

Choose the TRUE statement about Barrett’s esophagus:
Question 13 Answer

a.
It is found at the midpoint of the esophagus - it features the abnormal presence of goblet cells in the mucosa

b.
It is found at the gastro-esophageal junction - it features the abnormal presence of goblet cells in the mucosa

c.
It is found at the midpoint of the esophagus - it features the abnormal presence of squamous cells in the mucosa

d.
It is found at the gastro-esophageal junction - it features the abnormal presence of squamous cells in the mucosa

Answer 13

b.
It is found at the gastro-esophageal junction - it features the abnormal presence of goblet cells in the mucosa

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an exacerbating factor that worsens GERD symptoms?
Question 14 Answer

a.
Increased gastric motility

b.
Alcohol use

c.
Pregnancy

d.
Obesity

Answer 14

a.
Increased gastric motility

Question 15

Choose the TRUE statement about eosinophilic esophagitis:
Question 15 Answer

a.
It is the most common type of esophagitis in North America

b.
Pathologic findings are usually limited to the distal areas of the esophagus

c.
It can frequently affect children as well as adults

d.
It is characterized by elevated IgG levels and prominently involves Th1 helper T-cells

Answer 15

c.
It can frequently affect children as well as adults