Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

biology > quiz questions - final exam > Flashcards

quiz questions - final exam Flashcards

exam 1 (quiz 1-3), exam 2 (quiz 4-6)

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Adaptation

A

traits that increase survival and reproduction in a population

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Evolution

A

changes in genetic makeup of a population over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Population

A

groups of interbreeding organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Natural Selection

A

changes in the natural world cause differences in survivorship of individuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

A hypothesis is a:

A

a testable scientific idea that can be rejected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

T/F: Both comparative and controlled experiments can be designed for all studies.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Statistics can be used in experiments to:

A

compare variables in different samples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T/F: Scientists follow the same method for every type of study.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When scientists use a closely related organism to test ideas about another organism, this is called:

A

model organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how do you correctly type a species name?

A

Homo sapiens (italics)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Drastic changes in Earth’s climate cause what phenomena?

A

sea level rise, flooding, more severe and frequent storms, droughts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

All life is united by the following EXCEPT:

A. use a common genetic code
B. extract energy from the environment
C. regulate an external environment
D. made up of cells

A

C. regulate an external environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Biology is the study of:

A

fossils and modern life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Darwin’s idea that species can change over time was:

A

radical at the time because the most popular belief was that God created everything perfectly, so species should not change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T/F: Darwin loved medical school and graduated near the top of his class.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In science, what is a theory?

A

a well supported, well substantiated group of tested hypotheses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Natural selection is:

A

descent with modification through different selective pressures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Mutations are:

A

The source of genetic variation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In a population of toads, allele ‘A’ is present at a frequency of 0.2, and allele ‘a’ is present at a frequency of 0.8. Based on Hardy-Weinberg expectations, what is the frequency of genotype Aa in the population?

A

0.32

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

In a population of ladybugs, individuals with few spots and individuals with a lot of spots have an increased risk of predation, but individuals with some spots survive better. This is an example of which kind of selection?

A

Stabilizing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Body size in deer changes with latitude.

What is this an example of?

A

clinal variation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

A lake supports right-mouthed and left-mouthed parasitic fish.

What is this an example of?

A

frequency-dependent selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Individuals with pink flowers attract more bees than individuals with white or red flowers.

What is this an example of?

A

heterozygote advantage

23
Q

Consider if a meteorite hit the planet. That situation could lead to all of the following EXCEPT:

A. A better understanding of the processes of evolution.
B. A population bottleneck.
C. Increased genetic drift.
D. A new indicator in the fossil record.

A

A. A better understanding of the processes of evolution.

24
Q

Consider the example of the tail extensions in Luna moths. These tail extensions are considered an _______ because they are a favored trait spread through the population by natural selection.

A

adaptation

25
Q

A tree can be rotated around which of the following, and retain the same meaning?

A

node

26
Q

Which species concept would paleontologists likely use to group fossil remains into species?

A

Morphological species concept

27
Q

The biological species concepts can be applied to all of the following scenarios EXCEPT:

A. Populations of fish that live in slightly different areas in a lake are not the same species
B. identifying if 2 similar looking populations of frogs that live in the same area are the same species
C. Bacteria that reproduce asexually
D. Understanding that Robins that live in Boston are the same species as Robins that live in Maryland

A

C. Bacteria that reproduce asexually

28
Q

One of the drawbacks of the morphological species concept is that:

A

males and females can look different

29
Q

Which statement about the Dobzhansky-Muller model of speciation is FALSE?

A. It requires different mutations occurring in each of the two populations.
B. It can involve combinations of chromosomal rearrangements.
C. It requires selection to act differently in the two populations.
D. It can involve combinations of single genes.

A

C. It requires selection to act differently in the two populations.

30
Q

The Isthmus of Panama cut off gene flow between Atlantic and Pacific populations of a species of fish. The cessation of gene flow led to the accumulation of genetic differences between the populations, which then led to reproductive isolation. Now, Atlantic and Pacific populations of this fish are separate species that cannot interbreed, even if they were again to come into contact with each other. The process described here is that of:

A

allopatric speciation

31
Q

What is the most likely sequence of events in allopatric speciation?

(Geographic barrier, reproductive isolation, genetic divergence)

A

Geographic barrier, genetic divergence, reproductive isolation

32
Q

The sperm of one species of fish is chemically incompatible with the eggs of a closely related species. This type of reproductive isolating barrier is called:

A

gametic isolation

32
Q

Crosses between the flour beetles Tribolium castaneum and T. freemani result in large numbers of hybrids that survive, but are sterile. This is an example of:

A

hybrid infertility

33
Q

Founder events, where a few members of a population arrive in a new habitat, can lead to _____, where many new species evolve from that founding population.

A

adaptive radiation

34
Q

Which statement about speciation is true?

A. Herbivorous insects typically have higher speciation rates compared with insects that prey on other insects.
B. Species that disperse widely have higher speciation rates than those with limited dispersal.
C. Sexual selection seems to decrease speciation rates.
D. Wind-pollinated plants typically have higher speciation rates than animal-pollinated plants.

A

A. Herbivorous insects typically have higher speciation rates compared with insects that prey on other insects.

35
Q

When 2 groups can no longer exchange genes, this is called:

A

reproductive isolation

36
Q

We can use minerals that orient themselves to the Earth’s magnetic field to date rocks, in a method called:

A

paleomagnetic dating

37
Q

The Earth’s magnetic field comes from:

A

the spinning of the Earth’s core

38
Q

You observe of series of rock strata and see a small fossil shell in one layer, and a fossil insect in the layer above it. Which of the following statements is true:

A

the fossil insect is younger than the fossil shell

39
Q

Which of the following statements about atmospheric oxygen is false?

A. atmospheric oxygen levels have not changed over Earth’s history
B. at first, atmospheric oxygen was toxic to the organisms that were around
C. higher atmospheric oxygen levels have led to the evolution of giant organisms
D. prokaryotes were the first organisms to produce free oxygen

A

A. atmospheric oxygen levels have not changed over Earth’s history

40
Q

T/F: Large-scale volcanic eruptions can have an effect on global climate

A

True

41
Q

A population of sharks was reduced from 10,000 to 100 individuals. Those individuals are now having a harder time finding each other in order to reproduce. This is an example of:

A

the allee effect

42
Q

How many mass extinctions are recorded in the fossil record?

A

5

43
Q

The current geological era is the_______.

A

Cenozoic

44
Q

Place the following events in the right order from oldest to youngest.

Mammoths roam the tundra
Armored fish roam the seas
Dinosaurs take over the land
The first prokaryotes appear
Multicellular eukaryotes evolve

A

Place the following events in the right order from oldest to youngest.

The first prokaryotes appear
Multicellular eukaryotes evolve
Armored fish roam the seas
Dinosaurs take over the land
Mammoths roam the tundra

45
Q

Archaea are different from bacteria because archaea:

A

have ether linkages in their cell membranes

45
Q

When a prokaryote transfers genes from one individual to another, that is called:

A

lateral gene transfer

46
Q

The genetic material used to understand phylogenetic relationships of prokaryotes is:

A

rRNA

47
Q

The first division in the tree of life is between:

A

archaea and bacteria

48
Q

Looking under a microscope, you see a prokaryote with a long flagellum that moves in a corkscrew pattern. It is a:

A

spirochete

49
Q

The microbiome consists of:

A

the assemblage of prokaryotes that live in and on us

50
Q

Which of the following is NOT a type of virus:

A. retrovirus
B. single-stranded RNA
C. single-stranded DNA
D. double-stranded DNA

A

C. single-stranded DNA

51
Q

Phage therapy can help:

A

combat bacterial infections

52
Q

Common vaccine side-effects include redness/soreness at the injection site because of which aspect of the immune response:

A

innate immunity

biology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions