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Pathology 2 > quiz questions exam 1 > Flashcards

quiz questions exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q 
Question #1
The tunica media is separated from the tunica adventitia by the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. Endothelium
B. Tunica intima
C. Internal elastic lamina
D. External elastic lamina
A

D. External elastic lamina

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2
Q

Question #2
Which of the following causes more clinically significant vascular disorders?
A. Arterial lesions
B. Venous lesions

A

A. Arterial lesions

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3
Q 
Question #3
Atherosclerosis is most likely to involve which of the following?
A. Small arteries (arterioles)
B. Large elastic arteries
C. Postcapillary venules
D. Collecting venules
A

B. Large elastic arteries

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4
Q 
Question #4
Which layer of the vessel wall contains endothelial cells?
A. Tunica intima
B. Tunica media
C. Tunica adventitia
D. External elastic lamina
A

A. Tunica intima

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5
Q 
Question #5
Which percentage of the general population are hypertensive?
A. 10%
B. 25%
C. 45%
D. 70%
A

B. 25%

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6
Q 
Question #6
Which of the following is a standard response following vascular injury?
A. Medial thickening
B. Intimal thickening
C. Intimal narrowing
D. Adventitial narrowing
A

B. Intimal thickening

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7
Q 
Question #7
Which of the following is not a category of arteriosclerosis?
A. Arteriolosclerosis
B. Mönckenbergmedial sclerosis
C. Endotheliosclerosis
D. Atherosclerosis
A

C. Endotheliosclerosis

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8
Q 
Question #1
Which of the following is not considered to be major clinical consequences of atherosclerosis?
A. Myocardial infarction
B. Neovascularization 
C. Peripheral vascular disease
D. Aortic aneurysm
A

B. Neovascularization

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9
Q 
Question #2
Without appropriate treatment, \_\_\_\_\_\_ of hypertensive individuals will die from a stroke?
A. 10%
B. 30%
C. 50%
D. 70%
A

B. 30%

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10
Q 
Question #3
Following vascular injury, extracellular matric and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ accumulate within the tunica intima.
A. Edema
B. Smooth muscle cells
C. Transudate
D. Skeletal muscle cells
A

B. Smooth muscle cells

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11
Q

Question #1
The 2 key features of atheroma development are intimal thickening and lipid accumulation.
A. True
B. False

A

A. True

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12
Q 
Question #2
Which of the following are not considered to be a component of a foam cell?
A. T cells
B. Necrotic debris
C. Macrophages
D. B cells
A

D. B cells

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13
Q 
Question #1
Virtually everyone older than \_\_\_\_\_\_ years will demonstrate the presence of fatty streaks on the luminal surface of their arteries.
A. 10
B. 25
C. 35
D. 45
A

A. 10

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14
Q 
Question #2
Metabolic syndrome is not associated with which of the following?
A. Insulin resistance
B. Dyslipidemia
C. Foam cells
D. Central obesity
A

C. Foam cells

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15
Q 
Question#3
Less than 5% of abdominal aortic aneurysms occur in males older than \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. 20-years-old
B. 30-years-old
C. 40-years-old
D. 60-years-old
A

D. 60-years-old

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16
Q 
Question #4
When blood plays apart the laminar planes of the media to form a blood-filled channel within the aortic wall, it is termed a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. True aneurysm
B. False aneurysm
C. Saccular aneurysm
D. Vascular dissection
A

D. Vascular dissection

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17
Q 
Question #1
The 2 most common pathogenic mechanisms of vasculitis are immune-mediated inflammation and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. Physical trauma
B. Exposure to toxins
C. Irradiation 
D. Direct vascular infection
A

D. Direct vascular infection

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18
Q 
Question #2
Which type of aortic dissection may be managed without surgery?
A. DeBakey I
B. DeBakey II
C. DeBakey III
D. DeBakey IV
A

C. DeBakey III

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19
Q 
Question #3
An abdominal aortic measuring 5.7 cm in diameter is at a(n) \_\_\_\_\_ risk of rupture each year.
A. 1%
B. 11%
C. 22%
D. 25%
A

B. 11%

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20
Q 
Question #4
The mortality rate for elective AAA surgery is \_\_\_\_, while the rate for emergency surgery is 50%.
A. 1%
B. 5%
C. 15%
D. 25%
A

B. 5%

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21
Q 
Question #1
The abrupt onset of ocular symptoms is 
involved with \_\_\_\_\_\_ of patients with giant cell 
arteritis. 
A. 2%
B. 33%
C. 50%
D. 98%
A

C. 50%

22
Q 
Question #2
Buerger disease is thought to involve hypersensitivity to \_\_\_\_\_.
A. Alcohol
B. Polyvinyl chloride
C. Tobacco smoke
D. Asbestos
A

C. Tobacco smoke

23
Q 
Question #3
The development of hepatic angiosarcomas is commonly associated with exposure to which of the following?
A. Carbon monoxide
B. Halogens 
C. Lead
D. Polyvinyl chloride
A

D. Polyvinyl chloride

24
Q 
Question #3
The development of hepatic angiosarcomas is commonly associated with exposure to which of the following?
A. Carbon monoxide
B. Halogens 
C. Lead
D. Polyvinyl chloride
A

D. Polyvinyl chloride

25
Q 
Question #4
Fibrinoid necrosis is most likely to be associated with \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. Polyarteritis nodosa
B. Giant cell arteritis
C. Takayasu arteritis
D. Aortic dissection
A

A. Polyarteritis nodosa

26
Q 
Question #1
Kaposi sarcoma is a lymphatic neoplasm associated with which microbial agent? 
A. Escherichia coli
B. Cytomegalovirus
C. Human herpesvirus
D. Epstein-Barr Virus
A

C. Human herpesvirus

27
Q 
Question #2
Which of the following is a common end point for various cardiac pathologies?
A. Congestive heart failure
B. Myocardial infarction
C. Ventral septal defect
D. Neurohumoral activation
A

A. Congestive heart failure

28
Q 
Question #3
Which mechanism will result in increased ventricular pressure?
A. Conduction disorders
B. Obstructions to flow 
C. Regurgitant flow
D. Rupture of a great vessel
A

B. Obstructions to flow

29
Q 
Question #4
 Increased cardiac output produces as result of overstretching cardiac myofibersis termed \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. Congenital heart failure
B. Neurohumoral activation
C. Frank-Starling mechanism
D. Purkinje neurocontraction
A

C. Frank-Starling mechanism

30
Q 
What is the most common cause of left-sided cardiac failure?
A. Aortic valve stenosis
B. Physiologic hypertrophy
C. Weight lifting
D. Ischemic heart disease
A

D. Ischemic heart disease

31
Q 
Question #2
Right-sided heart failure resulting from pulmonary hypertension is termed \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. Angina
B. Congestive heart failure
C. Cor pulmonale
D. Tachycardia
A

C. Cor pulmonale

32
Q

Question #3
Shunting of blood from the __________ is most likely to manifest as cyanosis.
A. Left-to-right ventricle
B. Right-to-left ventricle

A

B. Right-to-left ventricle

33
Q 
Question #4
Congenital heart disease accounts for \_\_\_\_\_\_ of all birth defects.
A. 4%
B. 30%
C. 75%
D. 90%
A

B. 30%

34
Q 
Question #5
Which condition is most likely to interfere with the embryogenesis of cardiac tissue?
A. Pertussis
B. Teratogens 
C. Mumps
D. Rubella
A

D. Rubella

35
Q

Question #1
Which pattern of aortic coarctation is most likely to have a patent ductus arteriosus?
A. Infantile (preductal)
B. Adult (postductal)

A

A. Infantile (preductal)

36
Q 
Question #2
What percentage of all cases of ischemic heart disease are secondary to coronary artery atherosclerosis?
A. 10%
B. 25%
C. 75%
D. 90%
A

D. 90%

37
Q 
Question #3
Anginal symptoms typically begin when there is obstruction of greater than \_\_\_\_\_ of a coronary artery.
A. 5%
B. 50%
C. 70%
D. 90%
A

C. 70%

38
Q 
Question #1
Which of the following is used as a laboratory marker to evaluate patients with possible myocardial infarction?
A. Inflammasome
B. Vasopressin 
C. Cardiac specific lysosomes
D. Creatine kinase
A

D. Creatine kinase

39
Q

Question #2
The symptoms associated with myocardial infarction are commonly relieved by nitroglycerin and rest.
A. True
B. False

A

B. False

40
Q

Question #3
Patients experiencing an acute myocardial infarction will commonly demonstrate a rapid and scarcely palpable (thready) pulse.
A. True
B. False

A

A. True

41
Q

Question #4
Systemic hypertensive heart disease causes _________ thickening of the left ventricular wall with reduced lumen size.
A. Concentric
B. Eccentric

A

A. Concentric

42
Q 
Question #1
Failure of a cardiac valve to open completely is termed \_\_\_\_\_\_. 
A. Cor pulmonale
B. Insufficiency
C. Stenosis
D. Thrills
A

C. Stenosis

43
Q

Question #2
It is common for calcific aortic stenosis to result in eccentric cardiac hypertrophy.
A. True
B. False

A

B. False

44
Q

Question #3
Acute endocarditis involves a _______ heart valve.
A. Previously normal
B. Previously abnormal

A

A. Previously normal

45
Q 
Question #4
When acute rheumatic fever develops within adults, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the predominant clinical feature.
A. Arthritis
B. Carditis
C. Weakness
D. Dyspnea
A

A. Arthritis

46
Q 
Question #5
Which of the following is a clinical concern associated with the development of a friable vegetation on a patient’s mitral valve?
A. Deep vein thrombosis
B. Increased stroke volume
C. Embolus
D. Right ventricular hypertrophy
A

C. Embolus

47
Q

Question #1
Dilated cardiomyopoathy commonly involves an increase in ____ of 2-3 times.
A. Filling pressure
B. Mural thickness
C. Weight
D. Diameter of the left ventricular lumen

A

C. Weight

48
Q 
Question #2
What is the fundamental cardiac defect in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy?
A. Amyloid deposition
B. Diastolic dysfunction
C. Ineffective contraction
D. Arrhythmia
A

C. Ineffective contraction

49
Q 
Question #3
Which of the following is most likely to cause acute cor pulmonale?
A. Deep vein thrombosis
B. Kawasaki disease
C. Mitral valve stenosis
D. Pulmonary embolism
A

D. Pulmonary embolism

50
Q 
Question #4
Which of the following is the most clinically significant long-term complication of cadiac transplantation?
A. Deep vein thrombosis
B. Allograft arteriopathy
C. Extracellular matrix breakdown
D. Pulmonary emobolism
A

B. Allograft arteriopathy

51
Q 
Quiz #1
Which of the following is the most common 
primary tumor of adult cardiac tissue?
A. Leiomyoma
B. Myxoma
C. Angiosarcoma
D. Lipoma
A

B. Myxoma

Pathology 2 (3 decks)

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