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Quiz questions and answers Flashcards

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1
Q

What is methodology in research?

A

A set of principles that directs research.

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2
Q

What is a quantitative methodology concerned with?

A

Phenomena that can be objectively measured.

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3
Q

The results must only be clearly described in words for quantitative research , true or false?

A

False

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4
Q

What are case control studies?

A

A type of observational study

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5
Q

Is triangulation of the relationship one of the Bradford Hill criteria for causation?

A

No

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6
Q

What is null hypothesis testing?

A

Where a statement is made about there being ‘no difference’ between groups.

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7
Q

In quantitative research terms what is an ‘aim’?

A

The overall/broad statement of what you intend to do.

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8
Q

What is a ‘study sample’?

A

Patients drawn from the study population.

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9
Q

What is the main reason for using randomisation to allocate treatments to patients in a controlled trial?

A

To prevent certain types of bias

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10
Q

What is a method of allocation least likely to achieve balance of important patient characteristics between groups?

A

Simple randomisation

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11
Q

Reliability addresses whether…

A

Repeated measurements or assessments provide a consistent result given the same initial circumstances

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12
Q

The main outcome for a study is called?

A

The primary outcome

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13
Q

Validity in a study means?

A

The measurement tool measures what it is intended to measure

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14
Q

What is a threat to internal validity in a trail?

A

Maturation.

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15
Q

What is the Hawthorne effect?

A

A participant’s response to being in a study

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16
Q

What is a type 2 error?

A

A false negative result

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17
Q

What ‘p value’ is the most statistically significant?

A

p≤0.001

18
Q

What are statistics that produce ‘p values’ called?

A

Inferential statistics

19
Q

What is baseline data?

A

The data that is collected before the intervention but after the recruitment

20
Q

Which level of measurement has a fixed zero?

A

Ratio

21
Q

When is qualitative research useful?

A

When little is known about a subject or problem.

22
Q

Samples in qualitative studies are usually small or big?

A

Small

23
Q

Qualitative researchers believe what?

A

That the social world is constructed through human activity

24
Q

What is phenomenology?

A

A methodological approach that studies the lived experience of individuals

25
Q

What was Deborah Ward’s study of student’s experience of infection control in clinical placements?

A

A general qualitative approach

26
Q

Do qualitative samples need to represent the population from which they came?

A

No

27
Q

What is the strongest sampling strategy in qualitative research?

A

Purposive

28
Q

What is the sample size in qualitative research best determined by?

A

Data saturation

29
Q

What does purposive sampling involve?

A

Selecting participants who can give the most information.

30
Q

What is an interview topic guide?

A

A set of headings that guides the discussion

31
Q

Why can focus groups be useful?

A

They encourage discussion about a topic

32
Q

What is the optimal size for a focus group?

A

8-10

33
Q

How did Deborah Ward collect the data for her study?

A

Semi-structured interviews

34
Q

What is never an aim of qualitative data analysis?

A

To attribute cause

35
Q

Can counting be useful in qualitative data analysis?

A

Yes

36
Q

What do software packages in qualitative data analysis do?

A

They help with organizing data

37
Q

What did Deborah Ward use to analyse her data?

A

Framework analysis

38
Q

What is an audit trial?

A

The decisions made by the researcher to reach the conclusions presented

39
Q

What does triangulation involve?

A

Researching the topic from different perspectives

40
Q

In a qualitative paper you would expect the relationship between the researcher and participants to be…?

A

Described

41
Q

Reliability addresses whether:

A

Repeated measurements or assessments provide a consistent result given the same initial circumstances

My Nursing Knowledge and Research (3 decks)

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