Quiz questions Flashcards

1
Q

Vital Force can be defined as…

A

An internal flow of energy responsible for self-healing that can be stimulated or suppressed

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2
Q

Hygiene is the Naturopathic term for:

A

General lifestyle changes that support vitality and healing

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3
Q

Louis Pasteur developed:

A

The germ theory of disease

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4
Q

The Australian father of naturopathy, Blackmore, 1906-1977, believed that:

A

Minerals were the key to health

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5
Q

When is the ideal time to eat the last meal of the day:

A

Before 6pm

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6
Q

Which technique reduces the build-up of electromagnetic stress in the body by taking up negative ions from the earth:

A

Earthing

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7
Q

What is the Naturopathic term for when the initial mobilisation of toxins leads to the aggravation of symptoms before they are eliminated:

A

Healing crisis

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8
Q

If you have a patient who is overweight and unfit, which of the following would you recommend for exercise hygiene:

A

Walk for 2 minutes, jog for 30 seconds. Repeat 3 cycles, gradually building up over several weeks

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9
Q

Claude Bernard understood that:

A

If the internal environment is imbalanced, disease can take hold

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10
Q

Who taught: “First use food, then herbs, then intervention”:

A

Hippocrates

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11
Q

The Founder of the Natural Hygiene School in Texas, Herbert Shelton, developed the concept of:

A

Food combining

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12
Q

Which of the following is not used in Biodynamics:

A

Insecticides

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13
Q

Alkalising the body with fresh organic vegetable juices and detoxifying with coffee enemas is the cornerstone of which cancer therapy:

A

Gerson therapy

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14
Q

Which of the following most stimulates vital force within the body:

A

15 minutes of sunshine and fresh air per day

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15
Q

Which of the following is not according to Hering’s law of cure:

A

Symptoms disappear in the same order as when they arrived

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16
Q

Alternating hot and cold water hydrotherapy has the effect of:

A

Promoting lymphatic drainage

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17
Q

Priessnitz is known as:

A

The father of naturopathy

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18
Q

Antione Bechamp believed that:

A

To prevent illness, we must promote health

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19
Q

Who believed that only fresh plants with their life-force are capable of curing:

A

Alfred Vogel

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20
Q

Which combination did Jensen use to draw out bowel toxicity:

A

Bentonite and psyllium husk

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21
Q

What is the meaning of unity of disease?

A

That there is always one single underlying common denominator to the expressions of disease manifested in an individual

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22
Q

What diet / lifestyle influences cause a low (acidic) pH?

A

Diet high in refined sugar/meat/dairy
Stress
Toxins in the environment

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23
Q

Define the term Vital Force.

A

The life force that animates the body and orchestrates self-healing, self-organisation and regeneration

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24
Q

What natural therapies work with the Vital Force?

A

TCM
Ayurvedic
Homeopathy
Acupuncture
Bach Flowers
But all naturopathic modalites involve supporting Vital Force

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25
Q

What factors give us unique bio-individuality?

A

Age/Life stage
Genetics
Diet/Lifestyle/Environment
Constitution
Blood group

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26
Q

Which blood group produces most pepsin?

A

Blood group O

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27
Q

How does autotoxaemia occur?

A

Bowel dysfunction via (chronic) constipation
Kidney/skin dysfunction can also cause autotoxaemia

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28
Q

What is the principal treatment approach for autotoxaemia?

A

Improvements in bowel function

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29
Q

What are the FOUR fundamentals of cure?

A
  1. Diseases have the same cause
  2. The body is always trying to heal itself
  3. Do not suppress symptoms
  4. The body has intelligence and capacity to heal
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30
Q

What factors lead to the accumulation of wastes in the body?

A

Poor diet
Poor digestion
Lack of exercise/movement
Toxins
Stress

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31
Q

Name THREE symptoms which show the body trying to heal itself.

A

Fever
Inflammation
Diarrhoea

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32
Q

Describe how suppression leads to deeper levels of disease.

A

If the body cannot continue on its path of healing it will find another expression perhaps affecting an deeper or more serious organ
Acute->Sub-acute->Chronic->Degenerative

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33
Q

Give FOUR examples of suppression.

A

Painkillers
Antibiotics
Steroids
Anti-depressants

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34
Q

Describe the triad of health.

A

Health requires good balance within and between the
* Emotional
* Biochemical
* Structural
levels of the body

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35
Q

According to the Arndt-Schulz law, what is the effect of a large
dose?

A

Suppress, even kills the vital force

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36
Q

What are the main effects of cold water?

A

Reduces circulation

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37
Q

What are the main effects of hot water?

A

Increases circulation

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38
Q

What are the benefits of contrast therapy?

A

Restores circulation
Improves lymphatic drainage
Improves nutrient and waste transport

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39
Q

Describe the effects of Epsom salt baths.

A

Warm water opens skin pores and alkaline environment draws acid toxins from the skin.
Small amounts of magnesium are absorbed by the skin which helps with muscle and nervine relaxation.

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40
Q

What are the main differences between hard and soft water?

A

pH: Hard water higher pH; soft water lower pH (more acidic)
MIneral content: Hard water has >150mg/l of calcium and magnesium carbonates and soft water < 75mg/l

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41
Q

How pure is reverse osmosis water?

A

Up to 99.5%

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42
Q

Why do naturopaths consider distilled water to be the best water to drink?

A

Because it is 100% pure with no minerals it is the most easily absorbed. It also contains no toxins or pathogens

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43
Q

Are minerals more bio-available from water or foods?

A

Minerals are more bio-available in food, after they have been metabolised by plants.

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44
Q

Which statement about hard water is false:

A

It is more likely to have a lower pH

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45
Q

Poor health and pathologies can be due to:

A

A blockage or insufficiency of vital force

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46
Q

One of the risks of reverse osmosis water is:

A

Hormone and fluoride residues

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47
Q

Using a herbal anti-depressant without also resolving problems and making positive life changes is an example of:

A

Suppression

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48
Q

Phosphorous in fizzy drinks has what effect on the body:

A

Reduces calcium absorption

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49
Q

Which blood type produces more cortisol in response to stress:

A

A

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50
Q

Using tissue salts would be an example of working at which naturopathic level:

A

Biochemical

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51
Q

Which of the following statements is false:

a. Suppression masks the illness and drives it further into the body

b. Acute conditions are early manifestations of the body’s self-healing mechanisms.

c. By only addressing the primary cause of a disease, it cannot be cured

d. The body has the intelligence and the power to restore itself to health

A

c.
By only addressing the primary cause of a disease, it cannot be cured

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52
Q

Addressing the primary cause of disease often involves:

A

Eliminating wastes and reducing acidity

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53
Q

Autotoxaemia may lead to:

a. Dispersing of white blood cells

b. Agglutination of erythrocytes and thrombocytes, reducing oxygen potential to the tissues

c. Temporarily elevated salivary pH

d. Increased blood pH

A

Agglutination of erythrocytes and thrombocytes, reducing oxygen potential to the tissues

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54
Q

Which of the following is not a core naturopathic philosophy:

a. Bio-individuality

b. Heterogeneity of disease

c. Autotoxaemia

d. Vitalism

A

b. Heterogeneity of disease

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55
Q

If salivary pH stays below which range for extended periods, enzyme functions become disrupted:

a. 4.6

b. 7.0

c. 6.4

d. 7.4

A

c. 6.4

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56
Q

A patient presents with prostatitis. Which hydrotherapy application would you recommend:

a. Epsom salts bath

b. Celtic sea bath

c. Contrast-immersion sitz bath

d. A cold-water sitz bath

A

c. Contrast-immersion sitz bath

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57
Q

What is the difference between a complete and incomplete protein?

A

A complete protein contains all 9 essential amino acids

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58
Q

Name TWO plant foods that contain all essential amino acids.

A

Quinoa
Pumpkin seeds

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59
Q

How are trans-fats created and what is the problem with them?

A

By hydrogenation (chemical saturation of unsaturated fats). Dangerous to health.

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60
Q

What are THREE benefits of fibre?

A

Feeds gut bacteria
Provides bulk for stools
Increase satiety

61
Q

Which vitamin plays a key role in supporting vision?

A

Vitamin A (carotene)

62
Q

What are TWO key functions of vitamin C?

A

Antioxidant
Connective tissue production
Helps with iron absorbtion

63
Q

Give TWO good food sources of vitamin B5

A

Shitake mushrooms
Avocados
But B5 is pantothenic (found everywhere)

64
Q

Where do minerals originate from?

A

The earth. Metabolised by plants and available to humans

65
Q

How can the absorption of non-haem iron be optimised?

A

Addition of vitamin C

66
Q

Give FIVE generic pieces of advice you could give to support digestion

A

Do not drink with meals
Eat fruit away from other foods
Chew thoroughly
Eat mindfully
Do not snack

67
Q

Out of the superfoods discussed, name ONE that is a good source of vitamin B12

A

Chlorella
Nori seaweed

68
Q

Why is it beneficial to include alkalising foods in the diet, and what plant compound discussed is particularly useful for this?

A

Acidity in tissues has adverse effects on cell metabolism and can contribute to many disease states.
Chlorophyll

69
Q

Outline ONE mechanism by which chlorophyll supports detoxification of carcinogens and toxins.

A

It binds to heavy metals and other toxins, improving phase II detoxification and elimination

70
Q

Seaweeds provide which nutrients that support thyroid function?

A

Iodine
B6
Zinc
Tyrosine

71
Q

Give TWO ways that barley grass supports GIT function.

A

Contains compounds which reduce inflammation in the gut
Provides fibre that nourishes the microbiome helping with tight junctions in the GIT

72
Q

Describe TWO specific benefits of broccoli sprouts.

A

High levels of sulforaphane and I3C detoxifying compounds, particularly in cases of oestrogen dominance

73
Q

Name TWO heavy metal chelators discussed.

A

Spirulina
Chlorella

74
Q

Is it possible to get gluten-free wheatgrass?

A

Yes, but it relies on grass being extracted before the grain develops

75
Q

This is the oil recommended in the Liver Flush protocol:

A

Olive oil

76
Q

Seaweeds are particularly good sources of which minerals?

A

Iodine, iron and calcium

77
Q

Which of the below contains bioavailable vitamin B12:
* Chlorella
* Wheatgrass
* Spinach
* Spirulina

A

Chlorella

78
Q

Name THREE foods that should be included in a naturopathic diet.

A

Fresh fruits and vegetables
Whole grains and legumes
Nuts and seeds
Oily fish
Water

79
Q

What is the acronym used for beneficial oily fish that can be included in the diet, and what fish does each letter stand for?

A

S - salmon .
M - mackrel
A - anchovies
S - sardines
H - herring

80
Q

What are the approximate plate portions recommended for the macronutrients — complex carbohydrates, healthy fats, protein?

A

50% complex carbohydrates
25% healthy fats
25% protein .

81
Q

What does the glycaemic index (GI) refer to?

A

How quickly glucose is released in the bloodstream
55 or below are low GI
56-69 medium
70+ high

82
Q

Dairy is rich in calcium yet high consumption is linked to osteoporosis risk. Why is this?

A

High proteins mean dairy is acid-forming which leaches calcium from the bones.

83
Q

Name THREE alternative foods to dairy that are rich in calcium.

A

Dark, leafy greens
Almonds
Sardines
Berries

84
Q

Why are artificial sweeteners not a good alternative to sugar?

A

Cellular poisons - cause DNA damage!
They cause a spike in insulin and can still lead to insulin resistance
Overstimulate sweet receptors
Highly addictive (stimulation without satiation)

85
Q

What are the benefits of eating probiotic foods?

A

Support to the microbiome in the large intestine.
Leading to GI health, better immunity and cognition

86
Q

Outline the process of seed cycling.
Why would this be used?

A

In cases of PMS, to balance sex hormones.
Use flaxseed and pumpkin seeds in the follicular stage to regulate oestrogen
Use sesame and sunflower seeds in the luteal stage to increase progesterone

87
Q

Outline how you would do a simple elimination diet with a patient

A

Remove common allergens such as peanuts, cow’s milk, eggs, shellfish, any other suspect foods and all foods with additives for two weeks
Then introduce one every two days and note effeccts.

88
Q

State ONE mineral that supports the activity of insulin receptors, and give TWO food sources of this mineral.

A

Chromium
* Broccoli
* Green beans

89
Q

Explain the benefits of vitamin C in the prevention and treatment of respiratory infections and provide THREE good food sources.

A

Vitamin C supports immune cells production (phagocytes, NK cells)
* Bell peppers
* Tomatoes
* Citrus fruits

90
Q

Outline why D-mannose is helpful for urinary tract infections and provide a dosage regime for an active infection.

A

D-mannose prevents bacteria like E.coli from attaching to the UT epithilium which impedes replication.
500mg of D-mannose every two hours during infection (3-5 days)

91
Q

Name TWO key nutrients required for the conversion of T4 to T3, with food sources.

A

Zinc: oysters, pumpkin seeds
Selenium: brazil nuts, wholegrains

92
Q

What is the difference between whole and refined grains?

A

Whole grains contain the BRAN, GERM and ENDOSPERM.
Refined grains contain only the endosperm and have lost many nutrients

93
Q

According to the Arndt-Schulz law, what is the effect of a small dose?

A

Stimulates the vital force

94
Q

Signs and symptoms associated with Yang deficiency include:

a.Pale complexion, constipation
b.Red face, hypertension
c.Thirst, anger
d.Loose stools, poor appetite

A

d.Loose stools, poor appetite

95
Q

Of the following, which is NOT a characteristic of a full / excess condition?

a.Worse with pressure
b.Bowels tend to be loose
c.Coating on the tongue
d.Pulse is strong / pounding

A

b.Bowels tend to be loose

96
Q

Of the following, which is NOT characteristic for someone with excess cold?

a.Slow metabolism
b.Copious urine
c.Lethargy
d.Constipation

A

d.Constipation

97
Q

Pain on palpating the acupuncture channels may indicate:
a.Qi or Blood stasis
b.Qi deficiency
c.Dampness or Phlegm
d.Yin or Blood deficiency

A

a.Qi or Blood stasis

98
Q

Which of the following menstrual symptoms do NOT indicate Blood stasis?
a.Large blood clots
b.Pain during the bleed
c.A scanty blood flow
d.Absence of periods

A

d.Absence of periods

99
Q

Which area of the tongue corresponds with the Kidneys?
a.The root
b.The tip
c.The centre
d.The sides

A

a.The root

100
Q

A dull white skin indicates:
a.Qi deficiency
b.Blood deficiency
c.Jing deficiency
d.Dehydration

A

b.Blood deficiency

101
Q

Pain and discomfort before the period indicates:
a.Blood stagnation
b.Blood deficiency
c.Cold
d.Qi stagnation

A

d.Qi stagnation

102
Q

Which of the following does NOT indicate Blood deficiency?
a.Dry hair
b.Hair loss
c.Poor lustre
d.Thin hair

A

c.Poor lustre

103
Q

Explain what is meant by the ‘Law of Similars’ and provide TWO examples

A

A substance which can create symptoms in a healthy person can help in curing the same symptoms expressed in a pathological situation.
1. Apis from bee venom for bee stings
1. Coffea for insomnia

104
Q

What is potentisation and what are the three key scales that remedies are potentised to?

A

Increasing dilution plus succusion
* Decimal - (1:10)
* Centesimal - (1:100)
* Millesimal - (1:1000)

105
Q

In the context of homeopathy, what is a proving?

A

Administering a homeopathic quantity of a substance to a healthy volunteer (prover) and observing the symptoms generated

106
Q

Hering’s Law of Cure stipulates FIVE directions in which healing should progress. What are they?

A
  1. Inside to outside
  2. Above to below / proximal to distal
  3. More serious organs to less serious
  4. Mind before body
  5. In reverse order to appearance to symptoms
107
Q

Explain what suppression is and provide TWO examples

A

Inhibiting the body from exhibiting an expression of disease/lack of homeostasis without treating the underlying cause.
1. Topical steroid creams
1. Anti-depression tablets

108
Q

What are the reasons a remedy can stop being effective?

A

There has been a change in state and the remedy is no longer the correct potency/frequency
The remedy has been taken alongside mint

109
Q

Name TWO signs of excess heat in the body?
Suggest THREE pieces of advice to restore balance.

A

Red face/features
Irritability
Bitter herbs
Avoid spicy food/alcohol
Include some raw foods/salads

110
Q

Name TWO signs of excess cold in the body?
Suggest THREE pieces of advice to restore balance.

A

Pale complexion
Poor circulation
Add warming spices (cinnamon/ginger)
Avoid raw foods
Small amounts of bitters to stimulate digestion

111
Q

Name TWO signs of excess dryness in the body?
Suggest THREE pieces of advice to restore balance.

A

Dry skin, eyes
Add muciligeous foods (linseeds/okra)
Soups/stews
Avoid green teas

112
Q

Name TWO signs of excess moisture in the body?
Suggest THREE pieces of advice to restore balance.

A

Oedema, overweight, mucous
Green teas/dandelion
Dry foods (popcorns, undercooked grains)
Avoid damp forming foods (bananas, melons)

113
Q

What are the effects of astringency? Name TWO herbs

A

Contain tannins
Drying and tightening
Heal and seal (digestive system, skin)
Stop bleeding and excess discharge (blood, stools)
* Witch Hazel (Hamamelis)
* Green tea (Camellia sinensis)
* Meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria)
* Yarrow (Achilia millefolium)

114
Q

What are the effects of bitterness? Name TWO herbs.

A

Contains bitter princpals
Digestive stimulant
Detoxifying (larger quantities)
Antifungal, antiparisite, antiinflammatory
Dandelion (Taraxicum officialanis)
Wormwood (Artemisium officialanis)
Gentian (Gentiana)

115
Q

What are the effects of pungency? Name TWO herbs.

A

Warming
Encourages fever (diaphoretic)
Encourages circulation
Encourage digestion
Pepper (Piper nigrum)
Ginger (Zinzibar officinale)

116
Q

What are the effects of sweetness? Name TWO herbs.

A

Grounding and nourishing
Building and strengthening
Tonic effects
Ashwaganda (Withania somnifera)
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)

117
Q

What are the effects of aromatic herbs? Name TWO herbs.

A

Contain volatile oils
Relax gastrointestinal smooth muscle
Relax respiratory system
Antimicrobial
Peppermint (Mentha × piperita)
Thyme (Thymus vulgaris)

118
Q

What are the effects of demulcent herbs? Name TWO herbs.

A

Contain mucilagenous compounds
Soothing and protecting of digestive system and skin
Marshmallow (Althaea officinalis)
Comfrey (Symphytum officinale) - externally

119
Q

What are Schedule 20 herbs and who can use them?

A

Legally restricted herbs (due to toxicity)
Only qualified herbalists can use them

120
Q

Why must arnica not be applied to broken skin?

A

It can cause red blood cell damage if it enters the bloodstream

121
Q

What is the name of the toxic compound found in comfrey and what organ can it adversely affect?

A

Pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA)
Liver

122
Q

What classes of herbs are unsafe in pregnancy?

A

Teratogenic
Emmanogogue
Strong laxatives

123
Q

Why don’t we give herbs to breast-feeding women?

A

Phytochemicals can pass to the infant via the breastmilk.

124
Q

What is the main precaution for liquorice root?

A

It can raise blood pressure, so can cause interactions for those on BP medications (both additive and antagonistic)

125
Q

Why is it unsafe to take St John’s wort alongside certain conventional medicines?

A

SJW speeds up liver detoxification of drugs, reducing or cancelling effects

126
Q

Name two herbs plus their actions for cystitis

A

Buchu - urinary antiseptic
Corn silk - demulcent

127
Q

Name a herb that strengthens and restores the nervous system

A

Nerve tonics
Oat straw (nutriative)
Skullcap leaf

128
Q

Name a herbal sedative for promoting relaxation and restful sleep.

A

Chamomile
Passionflower

129
Q

What very strong sedative can be used in more extreme situations?

A

California Poppy (tincture for quick absorption)
Valerian

130
Q

Name TWO herbs that can lift the ‘mood’.

A

St Johns Wort
Lemonbalm

131
Q

Name TWO herbs that can increase ‘brain power’.

A

Sage
Rosemary
Brahmi

132
Q

Name a herb used for high cholesterol.

A

Guggal
Globe artichoke leaf (supports liver)

133
Q

Name TWO herbs not used alongside blood thinners.

A

Garlic
Tumeric
Gingko

134
Q

What herb is often used for treating varicose veins?

A

Horse Chestnut (fruit plus skin)
Internal and External

135
Q

What foods support the health of blood vessel walls?

A

Blueberries
Any berries with red/purple colour (anthocyanins)

136
Q

Name TWO herbs that have an emmenagogue action?

A

Angelica root
Motherwort
Yarrow
Ginger/Tumeric

137
Q

What herb improves breast milk production?

A

Fennel seeds
also good for baby’s colic via breastmilk

138
Q

What herb is specific for mild to moderate period pain?

A

Cramp bark
Viburnum opulus (Viorne)

139
Q

Name TWO important herbs used during the menopause.

A

Sage
Black Cohosh
Shatavari

140
Q

Which herb helps to ‘balance’ the female reproductive system? How is it best taken?

A

Vitex Agnus Castus
15 drops tincture first thing in the morning

141
Q

Which TWO herbs support female and male fertility respectively?

A

Female: Shatavari
Male: Ashwaganda

142
Q

Name an important herb for male prostate health.

A

Saw palmetto
Nettle root

143
Q

Name TWO general anti-inflammatories
for musculoskeletal problems?

A

Willow bark
Tumeric/ginger
Devil’s Claw (anti-rheumatic)

144
Q

What herb can help eliminate acid wastes?

A

Celery seed - depurative

145
Q

How are rubefacient herbs used in musculoskeletal
problems? Give an example.

A

Topically applied they create local heat drawing the blood to the area which will bring nutrients and increase removal of toxins
Examples: Wintergreen, black pepper, chilli,

146
Q

What is the essential external herb for treating sprains, strains and musculoskeletal inflammation?

A

Comfrey

147
Q

Name an important alterative herb used for skin conditions.

A

Burdock
May also need to support the elimination of the mobilised toxins

148
Q

Name an important lymphatic herb.

A

Cleavers

149
Q

What is the essential external herb for skin conditions?

A

Calendula